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Online since: October 2010
Authors: Zhi Jie Jiao, Jian Ping Li, Chun Yu He, Xianghua Liu
After rolling, with actual measured data, friction coefficient and deformation resistance can be recalculated, and model parameter can be got by regression method.
Recalculation models of friction coefficient and deformation resistance During cold rolling process, when actual measured data such as rolling force, rolling speed, and strip thickness are got, the actual friction coefficient and deformation resistance can be calculated[3].
With actual measured data, actual friction coefficient can be decided
When these models are used for one cold rolling mill, normal material which deformation resistance property is known can be rolled at first, in order to get actual data for friction coefficient recalculation.
When actual friction coefficient and deformation resistance data have been recalculated, then the paramters of the Eq.12 and Eq.13 can be got by regression method.
Online since: July 2022
Authors: Lorenzo Donati, Marco Negozio, Sara Di Donato
The wire rod was subjected to a preliminary drawing process from a diameter of 8.00 mm to 1.83 mm (area reduction 94.77%).
Fig. 2 shows the data collected during the monitoring of the wire breaks that occurred within the two machines over a period of 60 days, divided into four time periods of 15 days each to carry out a statistical analysis of the failure rate of the machines.
Fig. 4 Operation diagram of two consecutive drawing steps: pass number 2 and pass number 3 Material Characterization Tensile tests on wires extracted at different reduction ratio were carried out to characterize ETP pure copper experimental flow stress data.
Tensile tests were performed after each reduction pass to characterize the material plastic behaviour.
It is not possible to act on the wire reduction ratio at each step to reduce the tensions.
Online since: August 2011
Authors: Ho Chang, Yen Chen Chiu, Chou Wei Lan
In the experiment of friction force property analysis by adding nanoparticles to grease, more accurate measured data can be obtained.
Experimental data show that when TiO2 nanoparticles at 1 wt.% are added to grease in the actuation process of pneumatic cylinder, the dynamic friction force is obviously reduced, and is not much affected by speed change.
From the experimental data and analytical results acquired above, the following conclusions are drawn: 1.
The data show that when grease is used in pneumatic cylinder for lubrication, the grease added with nanoparticles can obviously reduce the static friction force or dynamic friction force of cylinder bore, and the nano-grease at 1 wt.% can achieve the best performance. 2.
The obtained data can be sufficiently used to analyze the lubrication property of pneumatic cylinder by the grease added with TiO2 nanoparticles, and can be used as a reference for improvement of the design of pneumatic cylinder and grease.
Online since: March 2012
Authors: Yong Bo Li, Yong Zhen Peng, Liang Chang Zhang, Shu Ying Wang, Yong Zhi Chen
Experimental results of 40 days’ fermentation showed that 0.12 gNO2--N/gVSS and 0.11 gNO3--N/gVSS, or 0.26 gNO2--N/gVSS-reduction and 0.24 gNO3--N/gVSS-reduction, could be simultaneously obtained in AFD, and it could be calculated that 37.9% of total VSS and 80.7% of VSS reduction was utilized for nitrite or nitrate removal, which suggested a good performance of denitrification driven by WAS in AFD.
Table 1 Chemical characteristics of the waste activated sludge Items1 pH SS VSS TCOD TOC SCOD NH4+-N PO43--P Value 7.45 9987.5 8855.3 12622.2 5910.9 32.6 1.65 8.5 1 Except pH, all the items’ unit is mg/L, and all data was average of five times’ test.
It could be calculated that the total removal amount was 1100 mg/L NO2--N and 1011 mg/L NO3--N in the whole 40 days fermentation time, that was 0.12 g NO2--N/g SS or 0.26 g NO2--N/g VSS-reduction, and 0.11 g NO3--N/g SS or 0.24 g NO3--N/g VSS-reduction respectively.
It should be noted that the VSS reduction in AFD was about 47% in this study (data was not shown here).
Conclusions WAS from a pilot SBR system which operated biological nitrogen removal process was used as the sole carbon source for nitrite and nitrate denitrification, results showed that a good denitrification performance could be achieved, as 0.26 gNO2--N/gVSS-reduction and 0.24 gNO3--N/gVSS-reduction in 40 days fermentation, resulting a high effectiveness of VSS utilizing for denitrification of 80.7%, which proved the feasibility to use WAS as the sole carbon for denitrification, and the VFAs was also the main electron donor for denitrification.
Online since: March 2016
Authors: Wei Wang, Ya Li Wang, Yun Ning Zhang, Yi Ning Zhao, Su Ping Cui
From these data, the effects of CaO on NO reduction by NH3 and NH3 oxidation were analyzed.
The results based on data derived from the spectral line are summarized in Table 1.
Xu, Effect of sulfated CaO on NO reduction by NH3 in the presence of excess oxygen,J.
Xu, DRIFTS study of ammonia activation over CaO and sulfated CaO for NO reduction by NH3, J.
Xu, Effects of water vapor, CO2 and SO2 on the NO reduction by NH3 over sulfated CaO, J.
Online since: September 2014
Authors: E.I. Korotkova, Darya A. Vishenkova, Elena V. Dorozhko
The study of the effect of pH on the reduction peak of MG dye was investigated by cathodic voltammetry in the pH range from 1.65 to 12.
The obtained data showed that the current value reaches its maximum at pH = 1.65.
Fig. 4 – Dependence of current of reduction of complex MG-Hep from concentration of heparin in the electrochemical cell.
The result showed that benzyl alcohol has no influence on the received signal of reduction of MG.
The data obtained during research about decreasing of a signal from complex MG-Hep at E = -0.87 V with increasing concentrations of heparin in the system can be used for the development of the indirect method for determination of heparin in pharmaceuticals.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Ling Fu, Hui Li Ren, Yi Zhong, Hao Zhou, Chuang Hua Deng
Then this model was used to simulate tension-compression tests of Weldox960 steel and study the springback and reduction of thickness in cold-bending.
Using the data fitting method, , and are obtained easily and also shown in Table 1.
For studying the reduction of thickness, an 8-node incompatible element C3D8I instead of shell element was used to mesh the specimen.
It shows that the simulative angles have pretty good consistency with experimental data.
Meanwhile it is found that the reduction of thickness in cold-bending can be ignored for Weldox960.
Online since: August 2011
Authors: Shu Quan Li, Xiao Na Liu
Data Acquisition First-hand information on short-term behavior was acquired through a questionnaire survey to a number of construction projects in the North of China.
Due to limited space, the interception of part of the data is shown in Table2.
Data Validation In order to ensure the reliability and accuracy of received data, test had been made to examine the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.
When we use dynamic reduction algorithm of Johnson, we can get a nuclear reduction, which is (A3, A5, A9, A11, A14, and A20).
Therefore we choose the reduction result by the Johnson algorithm reduction
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Bo Quan Zhang, Jin Jun Lei, Jian Hua Zong
Introduction Energy-saving and emission-reduction is a systematic engineering.
With the environment of energy-saving and emission-reduction occurring, the standby power waste of electrical equipment should not be overlooked.
Wenxuan Yao has designed a multi-functional intelligent socket using low power SCM PIC16F877A for data processing and controlling.
The authors of papers [4,5] developed a socket with sensors, which can collect the values for the power consumption data and can switch on or off the power supply to plugged-in appliance(s).
Davcev: Box-Dimension as a Correlation Measure for Data Mining of Power Socket Sensor Data (Trans Tech Publications, Italy 2011)
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Yong Luo, Chao Liu
According to the census data of heat hazard in Chinese coalmines, there were heat hazards in 65 operation mines at different degree, and workface temperature in 38 mines reached over 30 oC and the geothermal temperature gradient is 2~4oC/100m.
Temperature reduction in Guqiao mine.
The variation curves of dry bulb temperature and humidity ratio of temperature reduction in working face are as shown in figure 3 and figure 4.
Fig.2 Variation curves of air temperature in air-roadways for faces 1115(1) and 1117(1) Fig.1 Variation curves of air intake in faces 1115(1) and 1117(1) Fig.3 Variation curves of dry bulb temperature in face 1141 (3)before and after temperature reduction Fig.4 Variation curves of humidity in face 1141 (3)before and after temperature reduction Analysis of results of temperature reduction.U ventilation system are used in most mining faces in Chinese coal mines (Figure 3).
The technology supplies a new method for temperature reduction in coal mines, and realizes comprehensive utilization of coal gas, increases using rate of gas and reduces cooling cost greatly.
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