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The presence of this peak confirms the presence of C-O bonds in the fatty acid ester structure of the biodiesel. 4.
Royal Society of Chemistry, pp. 2257–2284, 2018. doi: 10.1039/c8cy00281a
Heimann, “Influence of fatty acid structure on fuel properties of algae derived biodiesel,” in Procedia Engineering, Elsevier Ltd, 2013, pp. 591–596. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2013.03.164

Moreover, because of significant differences amongst substrates characteristics (chemical composition, structure, porosity, physical and mechanical properties), multifunctional materials can be also designed and developed with the aim of being chemically, physically and mechanically compatible with the historic materials.
On the contrary, KVP000004 and PARNASOS® ZG12-2016, showed a clear incompatibility with Apuan marble with low penetration of the product inside the porous structure of the stone samples and with the formation of a craquelure typical appearance.
Sabbatini, Characterization and behaviour of ZnO-based nanocomposites designed for the control of biodeterioration of patrimonial stoneworks, New Journal of Chemistry, 39 (2015) pp. 1-11 [7] F.

The most typical approach when developing structure on peat is by clearing away the peat and switching it with other suitable soils or material; however, it does not seem feasible enough when dealing with a peat of significant depth [3].
Grinding process breaks down the peat structures into more minuscule particulate matters; thus, decreasing its ability to hold moisture which results in a much lower liquid limit.
Surface science studies of carbon dioxide chemistry.

Bacterial cellulose has a basic structure consisting of microfibrils composed of glucan chains interconnected by hydrogen bonds, resulting in a crystal pattern (microfibrils) with a higher crystallinity index than plant cellulose, and its fibrils are about 100 times thinner (20-100 nm in diameter) [13].
Botutihe, Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium (Na-CMC) dari Selulosa Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) dengan Media Reaksi Etanol-Isobutanol, Jambura Journal of Chemistry, 3(2021) 1-11
Pandey, Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) mixed green–clay and aloe vera based polymeric membrane optimization: Peel-off mask formulation for skin care cosmeceuticals in green nanotechnology, Journal of Molecular Structure, 1229(2021)

The structure of hexaferrites is determined by the stacking sequence of S, R, and T structural blocks.
Alam, Structural, magnetic and microwave absorption characteristics of BaCoxMnxTi2xFe12−4xO19, Materials Chemistry and Physics 113 (2) (2009) 717-720
Küpferling, Electronic structure and conductivity of ferroelectric hexaferrite: Ab initio calculations, Physical Review B 73 (15) (2006) 153103
Papánová, Magnetic structure of Sn2+Ru4+-substituted barium hexaferrites prepared by mechanical alloying, Materials letters 59 (14) (2005) 1815-1819
Sombra, Dielectric and impedance properties’ studies of the of lead doped (PbO)-Co2Y type hexaferrite (Ba2Co2Fe12O22 (Co2Y)), Materials Chemistry and Physics 123 (1) (2010) 35-39

Ethnobotany Study of Five Medicinal Plants Used in the Beni Ammart (North of Morocco) Kamal El Yousfi1,a*, Omar Benamari1,b, Amine Salhi1,c and Yahya El Hammoudani2,d 1Unit in Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technique, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Al Hoceima, 32003, Morocco 2Department of Energy and Environmental Civil Engineering, National School of Applied Sciences of Al-Hoceima / Engineering Sciences and Applications Laboratory / Abdelmalek Es-saâdi University, Tetouan, Morocco akamalelyousfi1985@gmail.com, bobenamari@gmail.com, camine65ess@gmail.com, delhammoudani5@gmail.com Keywords: Ethnobotanical stuty, Daphne gnidium L, Origanum elongatum, Cistus salvifolius, Cistus laurifolius and Thymus willdenowii.
The surveys were based on the Semi-Structured Interview method [15,16].

These materials have several advantages such as good penetrating ability and increased resistance of the substrate, as well as the capacity to be polymerized after application to the materials, reinforcing the structure.
The objective of this work was to investigate the preparation and the performance of particle modified consolidants, applied in two types of porous stones used in historical structures in Greece.
Gun’ko, Stability of colloidal silica modified by macromolecular polyacrylic acid (PAA)-Application of turbidymetry method, Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A: Pure and Applied Chemistry 50 (2013) 639-643

Recovery of Au(III) from Gold Mining Rock with Silica/Chitosan Coated on Iron Sand Magnetic Material Nastiti Utami1,a, Reni Banowati Istiningrum1,b, and Bambang Rusdiarso1,c, Nuryono1,d* 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara PO BOX BLS 21 Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia anastiti.utami1@gmail.com, reni.banowati@mail.ugm.ac.id, cbrusdi@ugm.ac.id d, nuryono_mipa@ugm.ac.id Keywords: adsorption, chitosan, silica, magnetic material, gold Abstract.
XRD pattern of (a) chitosan (b) MM (c) MMSC Structure and Morphology.
X-ray diffraction method was performed to analyze crystal structure of chitosan, MM, and MMSC was shown in Fig. 2.

The polysaccharides were starch (based on chains of glucose units), inulin (based on fructose units), and pectin (based on galacturonic acid units), whereas calcium lignosulfonate is a high-molecular weight compound based on the structure of lignin. 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS Quicklime Calbux Granular 15 supplied by Tarmac Buxton Lime (UK) and classified as CL90 according to the BS EN 459-1 (BS EN 459-1, 2015) with particle size <15 mm was used to produce the tested lime putties.
Also, in alkaline environments, lignosulfonates tend to depolymerise and form catechol-like structured monomers, mostly vanillin.
Chemistry and Technology of Lime and Limestone.

Shown in Fig.7(a) at 0 ppm H₂S, the SEM images reveal distinct crystal-like structures on the surface.
EDX analysis indicates that oxygen is the most abundant element in these structures, at 41.7%, followed by carbon at 2%, suggesting the possible formation of iron carbonate (FeCO₃).
Weber, “High-temperature FeS-FeS2 solid-state transitions: Reactions of solid mackinawite with gaseous H2S,” Solid State Chemistry, 2008