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Prenosil: Metallic Materials (Kovove Materialy), Vol. 22, n. 5 (1984), p. 348. 5.
Liu, and G.Zu: Materials Science Progress, Vol. 6, n. 3 (1992), p. 223 9.
Collin: Canadian Mining Journal, (1975), p. 121 19.
Sobusiak: Proceedings of the 3rd International Congress on Heat Treatment of Materials, Shanghai, China: Metals Society (Book 310), London, England (1984) 24.
Van Vlack, in: Elements of Materials Science and Engineering, 4th ed., AddisonWesley Publishing Co., Inc., Reading, MA (1980) 29.

This process is the result of oxidation of carbon to CO, or to CO2, contained both in steel and in coating materials (refractory clay, soda ash).
Synthesis of Low-Melting Pipe Enamel Coatings and Their Chemical Durability // American Journal of Materials Science. 2016.
Protection of steel pipelines with glass-enamel coatings based on silica-containing raw materials of the far east of Russia // International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET). 2018.
Microstructure of the Enamel-Steel Interface: Cross-Sectional TEM and Metallographic Studies // Materials Science Engineering A. 1992. 149(2). p 217–224
Complex Protection of Pipelines Using Silicate Materials Based on Local Raw Materials of the Far East // Materials Science Forum. 2019.

The mechanical properties of those materials are greatly different from those of crystalline metals, whose elementary process comes from the dislocation movement.
The Drucker-Prager yield criterion is often used for various materials with the hydrostatic-stress dependence such as concrete, polymers, foams, and so on and is given by Eq. 1.
Löffler, Journal of Materials Research 26 (2011) 1453-1463
Ma, Materials Science and Engineering R 74 (2013) 71-132
Inaba, Journal of the Society of Materials Science. 56-2 (2007), 171-177 (in Japanese)

Lin and et al: Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol.445-446 (2007), pp.486-492
Wang: International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, Vol.41 (2001), pp.1385-1403
Yang: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 149 (2004), pp.83-87
Klocke: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 142 (2003), pp.434-451
Saha: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, (2007).

Luminescence caused by Si nanoclusters has been observed in Si-based materials, e.g. in silicon rich silicon oxide [3], [4].
Si nanoclusters are usually localized in silicon-rich dielectric materials.
In this materials PL is observed in the red to near-IR wavelength range and typically requires the films to be annealed at higher temperatures.
Ciurea, Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials 7, No. 5, October 2005, 2341 - 2346
Yonezawa, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 312-314 (2002) 323-326

Constitutive equation of workpiece material.
σα,α,T=A+Bαn1+clnααo1-T-TroomTmelt-Troomm (1) Where α is equivalent plastic strain, α is plastic strain rate, T is deformation temperature, Troom is room temperature (20 ºC), Tmelt is material melting temperature, A is material yield stress, B is strain hardening constant, C, n, m are material parameters.
Acknowledge This project was supported by National Nature Science Found (50975046) and Donghua University Innovation Funding of PHD thesis (11D10313).
Finite element analysis of the effect of sequential cuts and tool-chip friction on residual stresses in machined layer, Journal of Materials Processing Technology,Vol.62(1996) p.48-53 [5]Wang LiTao, Study on Residual Stresses and Distortion Theory of Aeronautica Frame Structure in the Milling, Zhe Jiang University, (2003) [6] Hiroyuki Sasahara.
Prediction model of surface residual stress with in a machined surface by combining two orthogonal plane models, International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture,Vol.44(2004), p.815-822 [7]Guo PeiYan, Analysis and simulations of residual stresses in machined layer for high speed machining, Shandong University of Science and Technology, (2007) [8]Yu Wei, X.

S Qin, Material Journal, Vol. 7(10) (2003) , p.68–70
Tippur, Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 499 (2009), p.507–517
Hu, et al., Materials Letters, Vol. 59 (2005), p.1563–1566
Fang, Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 120 (2012), p.51–55
Luo, Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 39–242 (2011), p.1661–1664

The results show that with the content of carbon fiber increase, the tensile stress of the composite materials also increase.
The addition of carbon fibers greatly improves the mechanical properties of materials.
Experimental Materials.
Composites Science and Technology 168,20-27(2018)
Journal of Polymer Engineering 37,345-353(2017)

Because of its solid material, corrosion resistance, moisture resistance, strong compression bending [1], and using for a papermaking raw material [2], it has been an important tree species for afforestation and economic timber species in North China.
Material and methods Material.
Hu: Journal of Hebei Agricultural University, Vol. 31 (2008), p. 15 (in Chinese) [3] C.C.
Wu: Canadian Journal of Forest Research Vol. 35 (2005), p. 2019 [6] S.X.
Yu: Journal of Northeast Forestry University Vol. 25 (1997), p. 65 (in Chinese) [9] Y.H.

Experimental Materials The sewage sludge used in the experiment was taken from the dehydration room of Lanzhou Yan Erwan Sewage Treatment Plant.
Based on references and experimental results that have been obtained, the best C/N ratio of raw composting materials was from 25 to 35.
Due to the fact that the C/N ratio of sludge ranged from 5 to 8 and the ratio of sawdust was about 200, the dry mass ratio 7:1 of the both materials was determined.
Massiani: The Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 241(1999), P. 161 [10] Yunqin Lin and Shaoqi Zhou: Ecology and Environment, Vol. 17(2008), P. 940 In Chinese [11] LAKE D L: Journal Environmental Quality, Vol. 13(1984), P. 178 [12] A.
Yan: Waste Management & Research, Vol. 28 (2010), P. 1133 [16] Heechan Cho, Dalyoung Oh and Kwanho Kim: Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 127 (2005), P. 187 [17] Juanlin Fu, Mingkui Zhang and Changyong Huang: Journal of Ecology and rural Environment.