Search results

The pesticide residues were calculated using the following formula: Pesticide residues = For all treatments, data from independent replicate trials were collected and the standard deviations were calculated[5].
Duncan’s multiple range test was used for analyzing all data and the significance was determined by one-way analysis of variance (SPSS 11.0 for Windows, SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., U.S.A.).
Significant differences between data were established at a significance level of P < 0.05.
Effects of CGW immersion time on the reduction of 2 pesticides residues on fresh spinach are reported in Figure.3.
The reductions of the pesticides on fresh spinach increased to 38.0% (phorate), 40.2% (chlorpyrifos) after10 min of immersion in CGW (20 mg/L).

The values of the yield strength and reduction of area, which are important for spheroidization annealing, were determined.
Using the Avrami approach, the behavior of the steel has been modeled on the basis of these data.
This results in a decrease of the yield strength by 40% and an increase in the reduction of area by almost 100%.
Thus, the reduction of area increases to a maximum of more than 40% after half an hour of annealing.
Figure 4: Area of spheroidized cementite during intercritical (a), subcritical cyclic (b) and spheroidization heat treatment involving the decomposition of supercooled austenite (c) Here, the statistical distribution of data for each investigated annealing time is shown in quartiles, where averages are highlighted.

Processing of the ECAP+CR sample consisted of ECAP of 4 passes, which was less than that showing the optimum microstructure for high strain rate superplasticity of UFG Al alloys (i.e. 8 passes), with route Bc and subsequent cold rolling (70% thickness reduction).
An analysis of the mechanical data revealed that deformation of the ECAP+CR sample was dominated by grain boundary sliding, but dislocation viscous glide was the main deformation mechanism for the ECAP sample.
The ECAP+CR process takes two main advantages: (a) reduction of the ECAP passage and (b) production of the UFG plates or sheets.
After ECAP, cold rolling with a total reduction of 70% was carried out with 0.2 mm reduction per rolling pass.
By contrast, except high strain rate region faster than 1×10-2 s-1, the mechanical data of the ECAP sample coalesced into a straight line with the slope of 0.33 (= m), indicative of operation of dislocation viscous glide.

Yield-strength reduction factor, R is the ratio of elastic strength, of of the elastic SDF system to yield strength, yf .
But this data is not present here.
A more significant reduction in the median RC is observed in short period systems having small α [Fig. 2(a), 3(a)].
As shown in Figure. 4, proposed equations predict actual data accurately. 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 CR Tn , sec p=90% p=70% p=50% p=30% p=10% Data (a) ζ = 0.05, R = 4 00.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 CR Tn , sec p=90% p=70% p=50% p=30% p=10% Data (b) ζ = 0.20, R = 4 Fig. 4 Actual and predicted RC factor ( 10%α= ) Summary The primary purpose of this study is to develop the equations for estimating median RC and dispersion of RC in various probabilistic ranges.
This study observed that the median RC is significantly influenced by the change in post-yield stiffness ratio, damping ratios (≤5%) and yield-strength reduction factor in short period systems.

Generative models are probabilistic representation of data that can be regarded as the generator of observed data.
To explain the data effectively, the probability models must be able to 1) reduce the complexity of the original data; 2) make abstraction and simplification in some extent.
Generation model can generate random observation data in condition that latent parameters are given.
It is used to describe the "co-occurrence" of data[7].
[4] Arthur Dempster, Nan Laird, and Donald Rubin, "Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM algorithm".

There is also benefit to be accrued from the residual stress reduction obtained during artificial ageing.
The data was used to calculate the radius of a specimen by least squares method in comparison to a perfect circle.
These changes are indicative of a reduction in the solid state diffusion by entrapment of the mobile copper in the precipitate form.
For both the 1hr and 7hrs naturally aged specimens, the high strain level (5.0%) led to a reduction in springback.
The lack of change is indicative of a reduction in the kinetics of the artificial ageing process.

Road condition data is a precursor for road monitoring and is collected on a periodic basis by road authorities to assist in transportation planning.
This ensures the compatibility and quality of data sets and make greater use of available road condition data for improved statistical reliability in data analysis [4].
Critical examination of the condition survey data in Botswana, showed that defects varies from road to road, thus the strategy adopted so as to analyze the condition data was to group the sections into different districts.
Conclusion This research experience has shown that it is essential to select a uniform and site specific data set of gravel road performance deterioration parameters and use consistent methods to collect and record gravel road condition survey data.
The data sets of 2008 were not use for the analysis because it was not available for all the roads evaluated.

Among the lithium greases, 5% CB contained grease performs the best friction reduction properties, and among the overbased calcium sulfonate complex greases, 6% CB contained grease performs the best friction reduction properties.
But the conductive capacity and friction reduction properties of the overbased calcium sulfonate complex grease and lithium grease containing CB was not studied.
The data of the coefficient of friction (COF) were recorded by a computer.
Moreover, the lithium grease containing CB perform better friction reduction than overbased calcium sulfonate complex grease.
According to the references reported, the friction reduction mechanisms of CB in greases may be attributed to three factors: firstly, CB dispersed uniformly in the greases, serve as spacers preventing the close touch between the contact surfaces [4].

Al-Mg-Si alloy is cryorolled to 50% and 75% reduction at -196°C and also at room temperature.
The total thickness reduction was achieved by means of multiple passes with about 1% reduction per pass and after each pass, the cryorolled sheets were again maintained in cryogenic medium for 2 min before further reduction.
In a similar manner, the RTR and LNR samples rolled for 75% reduction exhibited a hardness increment of 2% and 4% over the corresponding samples rolled for 50% reduction.
Thus, with an increase in the percentage of rolling reduction, an increase of hardness was observed.
Table 2 Electrochemical data for the alloy in all the cases in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution Processing Condition Ecorr (mV) Icorr (µA/cm2) Annealed & solutionized -730 2.09 RTR 50% -689 3.81 LNR 50% -664 5.87 RTR 75% -704 3.28 LNR 75% -682 1.20 4.0 Conclusions: It can be concluded from the present investigations that, the process of rolling adversely affected the corrosion resistance of Al-Mg-Si alloy.

Accelerometers can be adopted to indirectly measure dynamic displacement through double integration of the acquired acceleration data; however, numerical errors resulting from this approach are inevitable and they accumulate with the evolution of time.
As it is seen, the de-noised horizontal displacement is much closer to the real horizontal motion than the raw measurement data.
The measurement noise is obtained by subtracting the real motion generated by the motion simulation device from the measurement data before or after the use of adaptive filtering, i.e
(4) where presents the data before or after filtering, and presents the real displacement data.
Likewise, the maximum of the noises decreases from 9.157 mm to 7.337 mm, resulting in a 19.88% reduction.