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Online since: April 2023
Authors: Junaidi Junaidi, Posman Manurung, Indah Pratiwi, Yessi Efridahniar, Wiwin Sulistiani, Iqbal Firdaus, Pulung Karo Karo
Furthermore, the data was analyzed by matching the sample data of the diffraction pattern graph with the database on the sample.
The database obtained data in the form of crystal structures and lattice parameters.
Through XRD diffractogram, data obtained can be used to determine the crystal size through the value of full width at half maximum (FWHM).
Percentage of conformity of XRD data refienement of Ag/SiO2.
Element Content (%) Atom (%) C 29.77 40.33 O 44.23 44.98 Na 0.41 0.29 Si 24.58 14.24 Ag 1.01 0.15 Additional information obtained from the analysis with SEM is EDX data, which shows the elements present in the sample and the sample’s composition based on these elements.
The database obtained data in the form of crystal structures and lattice parameters.
Through XRD diffractogram, data obtained can be used to determine the crystal size through the value of full width at half maximum (FWHM).
Percentage of conformity of XRD data refienement of Ag/SiO2.
Element Content (%) Atom (%) C 29.77 40.33 O 44.23 44.98 Na 0.41 0.29 Si 24.58 14.24 Ag 1.01 0.15 Additional information obtained from the analysis with SEM is EDX data, which shows the elements present in the sample and the sample’s composition based on these elements.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Xiu Teng Wang, Ya Jing Zhang, Ling Xu, Ling Lin, Dong Feng Gao, Jin Huang
The estimation data of our work shows that, considering only epidemiological factors, Beijing will obtain potential health benefits of 1681 and 2269 million Yuan from new "Ambient Air Quality Standard" for Grade 2 and 1.
Research Background and Data The Exposed Population.
Consequently the exposed population in this case study is the number of total urban residents of Beijing, which is 1961.2 ten thousand according to the statistical data of the 6th national population censuses [6] in 2010.
We can calculate out the potential economic benefits of health from the decrease of PM2.5 level in Beijing, that is the reduction value of economic loss of health hazards because of PM2.5.
The plot of potential economic benefits from reduction of PM2.5 concentration in the future comparing to the current level Conclusion Health hazards caused by PM2.5 pollution will result in great economic loss.
Research Background and Data The Exposed Population.
Consequently the exposed population in this case study is the number of total urban residents of Beijing, which is 1961.2 ten thousand according to the statistical data of the 6th national population censuses [6] in 2010.
We can calculate out the potential economic benefits of health from the decrease of PM2.5 level in Beijing, that is the reduction value of economic loss of health hazards because of PM2.5.
The plot of potential economic benefits from reduction of PM2.5 concentration in the future comparing to the current level Conclusion Health hazards caused by PM2.5 pollution will result in great economic loss.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Dong Xiao Niu, Guan Qing Wang, Hong Juan Li, Hong Yun Zhang
The theory has been proved that this method has many advantages, such as required less sample data, high prediction precision, simple calculation and verifiable, when the basic data is strictly index increase [3-4].
; (13) In which, expresses the original data; expresses the simulation results by using models and original data.
Example Analysis The history data of China wind power accumulated installed capacity from 2000 to 2010 was used in the following part to check the accuracy of the established combined model
The steps were shown as follow: First, the category of data should be analyzed, as Fig.1 shows.
Finally, the prediction of data from 2008 to 2010 was given in Table 2
; (13) In which, expresses the original data; expresses the simulation results by using models and original data.
Example Analysis The history data of China wind power accumulated installed capacity from 2000 to 2010 was used in the following part to check the accuracy of the established combined model
The steps were shown as follow: First, the category of data should be analyzed, as Fig.1 shows.
Finally, the prediction of data from 2008 to 2010 was given in Table 2
Online since: October 2016
Authors: Didier Farrugia
Extending the range of finished product sizes from a given ingot or concast bloom or billet section is often limited by the minimum area reduction required to ensure effective central consolidation and final mechanical properties.
(a) (b) Fig. 4: (a) Initial hole and section geometry (b) Variation of relative hole size/relative section height with inverse roll gap shape factor hm/L at bloom/ingot centre (experimental data based on lead/steel samples function of roll diameter and section height) From Fig. 3d and Fig. 4b, it can be observed that using 2D plane strain indentation theory: · For hm/L = 1, homogeneous deformation prevails, the vertical stress sy is maximum in compression and uniform and closure will be greatly accelerated (see also Fig.4b) · For hm/L between 1.8 and 4.8, the vertical stress sy is compressive but all other stresses are tensile, allowing some consolidation although at a lower rate than the two previous conditions · For hm/L between 1 and 1.8, the mean or hydrostatic stress is compressive, therefore closure of porosity will be promoted at a greater rate than reduction as hm/L decreases. · For hm/L > 4.8, all principal stresses are tensile representing a regime of tensile triaxiality
(in Fig3d, sz is the mean stress), therefore consolidation is unlikely to proceed at a rate greater than reduction with low/no penetration as well as nucleation / growth of cavities.
A comprehensive DoE based 3D FEM using the ABAQUS commercial software (incompressible flow) has been run integrating range of roll diameter (305-820mm) and feedstock reduction.
Recently the consolidation factor CF at steady state was fitted to all FEM DoE data against the inverse roll gap shape factor hm/L and further normalised to account for effect of temperature (Tm: melting temperature of given steel grade), thus following analogy presented with respect to slip line field / state of stress of Figs 3-4 (equation 4).
(a) (b) Fig. 4: (a) Initial hole and section geometry (b) Variation of relative hole size/relative section height with inverse roll gap shape factor hm/L at bloom/ingot centre (experimental data based on lead/steel samples function of roll diameter and section height) From Fig. 3d and Fig. 4b, it can be observed that using 2D plane strain indentation theory: · For hm/L = 1, homogeneous deformation prevails, the vertical stress sy is maximum in compression and uniform and closure will be greatly accelerated (see also Fig.4b) · For hm/L between 1.8 and 4.8, the vertical stress sy is compressive but all other stresses are tensile, allowing some consolidation although at a lower rate than the two previous conditions · For hm/L between 1 and 1.8, the mean or hydrostatic stress is compressive, therefore closure of porosity will be promoted at a greater rate than reduction as hm/L decreases. · For hm/L > 4.8, all principal stresses are tensile representing a regime of tensile triaxiality
(in Fig3d, sz is the mean stress), therefore consolidation is unlikely to proceed at a rate greater than reduction with low/no penetration as well as nucleation / growth of cavities.
A comprehensive DoE based 3D FEM using the ABAQUS commercial software (incompressible flow) has been run integrating range of roll diameter (305-820mm) and feedstock reduction.
Recently the consolidation factor CF at steady state was fitted to all FEM DoE data against the inverse roll gap shape factor hm/L and further normalised to account for effect of temperature (Tm: melting temperature of given steel grade), thus following analogy presented with respect to slip line field / state of stress of Figs 3-4 (equation 4).
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Xian Jie Feng
It is through the control of building system terminal equipments, data exchange mode and control layer, and update the mechanical and electrical equipment control logic, to achieve the purpose of implementation of green energy-saving renovation project.
The use of this technology to radically reduce the construction cost, and not just make the energy consumption of building system control, and a substantial reduction in cable laying, metal used, battery replacement, pollutants brought about by the construction cost.
High density of radio equipment, may cause delay or loss of data transmission.
Comparison of several passive wireless technologies which be used in the field of green building currently, refer with Table 1: Table 1: Several passive wireless technologies in the field of green building EnOcean Z-Wave or KNX-RF ZigBee (802.15.4) ZigBee (802.15.4) Bluetooth (802.15.1) WLAN (802.11) Frequency (MHz) 868/315 868 868 2400 2400 2400 Data rate (KB / sec) 125 9.6/20 20 250 720 11-54 Minimum length of cable (MS) 0.6 20 30 4 0.7 - Energy demand (including the start) Very low Low Low Low Medium High Frequency band of basic load level Low Low Low High High High Data collision risk Very low Medium Medium Low Very low High No battery wireless transceiver Yes No No No No No Life cycle cost Very good Good Good Good Good Not so good Based on the following objective solution is preferred Maintenance-free passive wireless sensor system Battery power of wireless sensing system Battery power of wireless sensing system Battery power of wireless sensing system Computer
In the globalization trend of green building, energy conservation and emissions reduction, passive wireless technology will be one of the best choice of the green building system.
The use of this technology to radically reduce the construction cost, and not just make the energy consumption of building system control, and a substantial reduction in cable laying, metal used, battery replacement, pollutants brought about by the construction cost.
High density of radio equipment, may cause delay or loss of data transmission.
Comparison of several passive wireless technologies which be used in the field of green building currently, refer with Table 1: Table 1: Several passive wireless technologies in the field of green building EnOcean Z-Wave or KNX-RF ZigBee (802.15.4) ZigBee (802.15.4) Bluetooth (802.15.1) WLAN (802.11) Frequency (MHz) 868/315 868 868 2400 2400 2400 Data rate (KB / sec) 125 9.6/20 20 250 720 11-54 Minimum length of cable (MS) 0.6 20 30 4 0.7 - Energy demand (including the start) Very low Low Low Low Medium High Frequency band of basic load level Low Low Low High High High Data collision risk Very low Medium Medium Low Very low High No battery wireless transceiver Yes No No No No No Life cycle cost Very good Good Good Good Good Not so good Based on the following objective solution is preferred Maintenance-free passive wireless sensor system Battery power of wireless sensing system Battery power of wireless sensing system Battery power of wireless sensing system Computer
In the globalization trend of green building, energy conservation and emissions reduction, passive wireless technology will be one of the best choice of the green building system.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Mariano Marcos Bárcena, Lorenzo Sevilla Hurtado, Francisco Javier Trujillo Vilches
The experimental data have revealed a high sensitivity to change of Ra with feed, whereas this sensitivity is lower with cutting speed.
In this case, reductions of 10% or so are shown.
This reduction is more noticeable for low f values.
Finally, the experimental data above allow to suggest that it is possible to look for a parametric model that relates Ra with L and the applied cutting parameters (v, f) [16].
Thus, their values can be calculated through a multi-linear regression of experimental data, obtaining a model as follows: (2) The values obtained for the exponents are in agreement with above.
In this case, reductions of 10% or so are shown.
This reduction is more noticeable for low f values.
Finally, the experimental data above allow to suggest that it is possible to look for a parametric model that relates Ra with L and the applied cutting parameters (v, f) [16].
Thus, their values can be calculated through a multi-linear regression of experimental data, obtaining a model as follows: (2) The values obtained for the exponents are in agreement with above.
Online since: January 2015
Authors: Li Ying Wei, Yu Zhou, Lu Wang
Basic data collection.
The data include lane width, the number of lanes, the lane on the target intersection signal timing scheme, functional division, traffic flow data, etc.
The traffic flow data statistical method is as follows: statistic data with counting interval for 5 minutes according to the video taken in the high building near the intersection.
The data is only acquainted in the morning and evening peak for a week.The geometry of the intersection is shown in Figure 1.
According to Eq.4, input data related with target intersection.
The data include lane width, the number of lanes, the lane on the target intersection signal timing scheme, functional division, traffic flow data, etc.
The traffic flow data statistical method is as follows: statistic data with counting interval for 5 minutes according to the video taken in the high building near the intersection.
The data is only acquainted in the morning and evening peak for a week.The geometry of the intersection is shown in Figure 1.
According to Eq.4, input data related with target intersection.
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Xue Qin Wang, Yun Wei Du, Jia Lu Shi, Cheng Xin Wang
Meanwhile, Anhui province is relatively backward in the energy-saving and emission reduction process, carbon emissions growth and energy consumption growth did not achieve effective decoupling, which reflects that this province still has some defects in the adjustment of energy structure, energy saving and emission reduction technology promotion policy etc..
Methodology and Data Sources Measurementof carbon emissions.In this paper, we use the algorithm in model ofcarbon emissionsdecompositionproposed andimproved byXuGuoquanet al[4]: WhereTCEirepresentsi kind of energyconsumption, TCEmeansthe total energy consumption,Ciexpressescarbon emissions of energy class i, Si showsthe proportion ofikindof energyin thetotal energy consumption; Fi represents the carbonemission factor of energyclass i.
this paper, data include GDP, total primary energy consumption and coal, washed coal, coke and crude oil and other 8 kinds of energy consumption of each.
Since the lag betweeneconomic growth and changes in energy consumption exists in analysis of decoupling on time scales, we use lots of relevant data of "Anhui Statistical Yearbook" for analysisin order to ensure the integrity and comparability ofdata, the sample range is 1997-2011.
Fourth is to strengthen macro-control of emission reduction policies.Encourage enterprises to carry out energy conservation projectsby using tax and other fiscal measures.
Methodology and Data Sources Measurementof carbon emissions.In this paper, we use the algorithm in model ofcarbon emissionsdecompositionproposed andimproved byXuGuoquanet al[4]: WhereTCEirepresentsi kind of energyconsumption, TCEmeansthe total energy consumption,Ciexpressescarbon emissions of energy class i, Si showsthe proportion ofikindof energyin thetotal energy consumption; Fi represents the carbonemission factor of energyclass i.
this paper, data include GDP, total primary energy consumption and coal, washed coal, coke and crude oil and other 8 kinds of energy consumption of each.
Since the lag betweeneconomic growth and changes in energy consumption exists in analysis of decoupling on time scales, we use lots of relevant data of "Anhui Statistical Yearbook" for analysisin order to ensure the integrity and comparability ofdata, the sample range is 1997-2011.
Fourth is to strengthen macro-control of emission reduction policies.Encourage enterprises to carry out energy conservation projectsby using tax and other fiscal measures.
Online since: August 2019
Authors: Vasyl M. Karpiuk, Yulia A. Syomina, Diana V. Antonova
The factors have been varied according to the data elicited from the literature review which shown that the most influential factor x1 is the value of the relative span of the section а/h0, which was varied at three levels: а = h0, 2h0 and 3h0.
Fig. 1 Patterns of strengthening the lower tensioned zones and support areas of the damaged r.c. beams of 3rd series with large (a), medium (b) and small (c) shear spans The results of processing the obtained test data of the first, third and fifth series, removal of the insignificant coefficients and re-calculation of the remaining coefficients enabled, with the use of COMPEX software developed under guidance of Professor V.A.
Due to reduction of plastic deformations the accumulation process of residual deformations in the support zone at stable level of low-cycle transverse loading fades gradually.
Application of the mathematical theory of planning, adopted plan and levels of changing design factors and external impact factors make it possible to apply a system approach to analyse the events and compare the obtained data. 2.
Owing to the adopted methodology new experimental data was obtained in order to essentially specify physical models reflecting behaviour of oblique sections of the span r.c. structures subject to high-level low-cycle repeated loading which resulted in description for the first time of the system impact of the shear span а/h0, concrete grade C, transverse reinforcement coefficient ρsw and level of repeated loading η on crack resistance, deformability and strength of the tested beam samples. 6.
Fig. 1 Patterns of strengthening the lower tensioned zones and support areas of the damaged r.c. beams of 3rd series with large (a), medium (b) and small (c) shear spans The results of processing the obtained test data of the first, third and fifth series, removal of the insignificant coefficients and re-calculation of the remaining coefficients enabled, with the use of COMPEX software developed under guidance of Professor V.A.
Due to reduction of plastic deformations the accumulation process of residual deformations in the support zone at stable level of low-cycle transverse loading fades gradually.
Application of the mathematical theory of planning, adopted plan and levels of changing design factors and external impact factors make it possible to apply a system approach to analyse the events and compare the obtained data. 2.
Owing to the adopted methodology new experimental data was obtained in order to essentially specify physical models reflecting behaviour of oblique sections of the span r.c. structures subject to high-level low-cycle repeated loading which resulted in description for the first time of the system impact of the shear span а/h0, concrete grade C, transverse reinforcement coefficient ρsw and level of repeated loading η on crack resistance, deformability and strength of the tested beam samples. 6.
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Lei Gang Shi, He Ju Huai, Jing Ping Zhou, Hai Tang Hu, Cun Jun Li
Data sources.
Data of this study obtained from a survey of 186 farmers from 13 production teams across the entire Shuanghe Farm during the summer of 2013.
Furthermore, data processing and analysis were completed by SPSS17.0 and Excel 2007.
We sincerely thank participating colleagues (Xinghua Zhu )and farmers for their assistance and cooperation during data collection.
Carbon footprint of China's crop production-An estimation using agro-statistics data over 1993–2007.
Data of this study obtained from a survey of 186 farmers from 13 production teams across the entire Shuanghe Farm during the summer of 2013.
Furthermore, data processing and analysis were completed by SPSS17.0 and Excel 2007.
We sincerely thank participating colleagues (Xinghua Zhu )and farmers for their assistance and cooperation during data collection.
Carbon footprint of China's crop production-An estimation using agro-statistics data over 1993–2007.