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Nagarajan2, b and Jitendra Sangwai1, c 1Department of Ocean Engineering, IIT Madras, Chennai, India 2Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Madras, Chennai, India aponumane@gmail.com, bnag@iitm.ac.in, c jitendrasangwai@iitm.ac.in [Submitted: April 8, 2012; revised: October 25, 2012; accepted: March 11, 2013] Keywords: Drilling, Exploration, Nanoparticles, Nanotechnology; Upstream Oil and Gas Abstract.
Applications of Nanotechnology Exploration Exploration is the first step in development of field which included determination of hydrocarbon presence in the subsurface environment by using advanced techniques such as seismic characterization and interpretation, logging, formation evaluation, etc.
Areas in upstream Nanotechnology Contribution Reference Exploration · Using particles to detect the hydrocarbon and sensitivity in sensors [27] Reservoir · Nanoagents used for mechanical and chemical composition [10] Drilling Engineering · Particularly in the manufacturing of advanced drill bits for enhancing abrasion and corrosion resistance by nano structured coatings · In designing drilling fluids for HPHT environment and tight and hard formations · Design of water based drilling fluids using oxide nanoparticles [21] Enhanced Oil Recovery · Particularly in Chemical EOR for the modifications of interfacial parameters by nanostructured surfactants [26] Waterflooding · Wet ability alteration by nanoparticles [25] Oil well cements · Strengthening and increasing durability [24] Production · Separation by nano structured membranes [7] Removalof asphaltenes · Adsorption by particles [28] Scale formation control · Nanoparticles for scale inhibition [29] Gas Hydrates · Recovery of hydrates
Smolander, International Forum on Emerging Technologies in Food Processing.
Reye, Heavy crude oil upgrading with transition metals , Society of Petroleum Engineers, Petroleum Engineering Conference, Argentina, (2007), SPE (107837)

Application of Rietveld Refinement and Williamson Hall Analysis in Ultra-Low Carbon to High Carbon Steels Soumya Sourav Sarangi1, Avala Lavakumar1,2* 1Departement of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Odisha, India 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan 1soumyasouravsarangi33@gmail.com, 1,2*lavakumaravala@gmail.com Keywords : Rietveld refinement, Williamson Hall analysis, Steels, IF steel, Micro-alloyed steel Abstract Current study is about microstructural characterization of five different steels with carbon concentration ranging from ultra-low to moderately high.
So the understanding the microstructural feature of steels is the key for the design of advanced grades for various applications.
The XRD study was carried out using X-Ray Diffractometer (Bruker D8 Advance with solid detector) with Cu Kα radiation in a 2θ range of 10° to 90°, at an accelerating voltage of 35 kV and a current of 25 mA.
Pagani, Quantitative analysis of silicate glass in ceramic materials by the Rietveld method, Materials Science Forum 278 (1984) 87-92

It is because of its broad applications in industrial and engineering.
Entropy generation analysis plays a vital role in several industrial processes which frequently occur at industry and engineering.
Wakif, Numerical spectral examination of EMHD mixed convective flow of second-grade nanofluid towards a vertical Riga plate using an advanced version of the revised Buongiorno’s nanofluid model, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry (2020) 1-15
Ganji, Two-component heterogeneous mixed convection of alumina/water nanofluid in microchannels with heat source/sink, Advanced Powder Technology 27(1) (2016) 245-254
Bindu, Entropy generation in a micropolar fluid flow through an inclined channel, Alexandria Engineering Journal 55(2) (2016) 973-982

Summary Technology of catalysts production (metals/oxides, oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides, oxinitrides, alloys…etc) and carriers by SHS and combustion synthesis is an advanced stage.
Melo: Material Science Forum,Vol.498-499(2005), p.663. 15.
Greca: Materials Science Forum Vol. 530-531 (2006), p. 696. 21.
G Xanthopoulou, Chemical Engineering and Technology, 24,10(2001) p. 1025. 25.
E.Chinarro, J.Jurado: Key Engineering Materials: Vol. 206-213 (2002) p. 1227. 33.

Wang, Influence of Temperature on the Order-Disorder Transition in Gd2Zr2O7, Key Engineering Materials 697 (2016) 386-389
Zhu, Effects of doping on thermal conductivity of pyrochlore oxides for advanced thermal barrier coatings, Materials Science and Engineering: A 459(1) (2007) 192-195
Stöver, Overview on advanced thermal barrier coatings, Surface and Coatings Technology 205(4) (2010) 938-942
Shu, Fabrication of Pyrochlore Gd2Zr2O7 by High Temperature Solid State Reaction, Advanced Materials Research 1061-1062 (2015) 87-90
Natesan, Magnetic Ground State and Electronic Structure Calculations of PbMnO3 Using DFT, Advanced Materials Research 895 (2014) 420-423

Oxidation Resistance and Bending Strength at High Temperatures of Ni/(ZrO2+Al2O3) Hybrid Materials Hai Vu Pham1, Makoto Nanko1,* and Wataru Nakao2 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka 940-2188, Japan 2Department of Energy & Safety Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan *nanko@mech.nagaokaut.ac.jp Keywords: high-temperature oxidation, bending strength, Al2O3, ZrO2, nanocomposites Abstract.
Acknowledgment The authors wish to express their appreciation to the Japan Science and Technology Agency for partially supporting this work in the frame of the Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development program.
Ishizaki, Advance in Technology of Materials and Materials Processing Journal 6 (2004) 240-243
Forum, 804 (2015) 179-182

US Army’s Future Combat System created the web-centered Advanced Collaborative Environment for sharing, collaborating, integrating, accessing and controlling project and product technical data [6].
The business data includes subsystem and parts engineering data, external issued collaboration data, project plan and schedule of subsystem development.
Communicating collaboration include the notification center, technical forum, virtual meeting, collaborative community and so on.
The last is inter-enterprise engineering change management flow.
Advances in Computers, Vol. 59 (2003) , p.1-27

At present, logistics finance mainly includes several business models: (1) Warehouse receipt pledge mode; (2) confirmation warehouse business model; (3) Financing warehouse mode; (4) Advance payment mode.
During advance payment mode, financial institutions depend on logistics enterprises more deeply.
On 1st, July, “the2010 RFID World and Internet of Things Development Summit Forum” held in Shenzhen.
On 9th,July, Beijing internet of things Key Application Technology Engineering Research Center set up the opening.
[7] L.Zhang, and G.Yan,The Complex Economic System of Supply Chain Financing, Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 2009,vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 763-772

Research and Development of Online Course Systems Decai Zhao1, Boyang Xie2 1College of Information and Engineering, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, 075000 China 2Zhangjiakou Vocational and Technical college, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, 075000 China Keywords: Online course; Systems development; Software environment Abstract.
Network is the current education curricula and research needs of the development Online course is an important part of digital resources, construction of online course is a systems engineering.
For the construction of the current network status, courses should be constantly updated on ideas and development management, our concepts, and fully based on the teaching of science and advanced design concepts to guide the design of our Web-based course work, in order to develop in line with current educational needs of the community Online Course [1].
Curricula and research network can contribute to implementation of the online courses The so-called complete and excellent online courses, in addition to showing the structure of the network environment, the knowledge of the content, the more important to be able to give full play to the network real-time interaction, resource sharing and other features, on this basis, but also real-time Q & A, real-time lectures, learning forums, collaborative problem solving and exploratory design and implementation of teaching activities.
Courses in the network system design also be used SQL SERVER database GUID (Global unique identifier) globally unique identifier as the key fields of table data type which has the following advantages [4]: l First, add data, unique identifier column by New IDO function in advance that the newly added row ID, follow-up treatment for the application to provide a great convenience; l The second is to facilitate the database migration, because the other database does not necessarily have an IDENTITY column, and Guide columns as character columns convert to other databases, both resulting from the application GUID value stored in the database, it can not make any impact on original data; l The third is to facilitate the database initialization, if the application to load some initial data, IDENTITY column handling is more trouble, but you do not need any treatment unique identifier column, directly in T-SQL can be loaded.

For the intake stroke, the CA from the high pressure tank flows into the cylinder quickly, but the valve opening needs a little time, therefore the intake valve requires a small intake advance angle.
For keeping the stable torque, the intake advance angle will change continually.
In order to exhaust completely, not only we augment the valve opening area, but also we need an advance angle for the exhaust valve.
References [1] JP Yadav1 and Bharat Raj Singh: Study and Fabrication of Compressed Air Engine, S-JPSET : ISSN : 2229-7111, Vol. 2, Issue 1 [2] Felix Creutzig, Andrew Papson etc.: Economic and environmental evaluation of compressed-air cars [3] Information on http://www.mdi.lu/english/ [4] Angeles, C.S Lopez-Cajun, Optimization of Cam Mechanisms, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (1991) [5] Bossel U 2005.Thermodynamic Analysis of Compressed Air Vehicle Propulsion European Fuel Cell Forum [6] A Cardona, M Gèradin, Kinematic and dynamic analysis of mechanism with cams, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 103 (1993), pp. 115–134 [7] J Lampinen, Cam shape optimization by genetic algorithm, Computer-Aided Design, 35 (2003), pp. 727–737 [8] Junzhen He, Xuefeng Li, Optimization Design of the Cam Profile of a High-order Polynomial Using MATLAB, Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering, 27(2008) (in Chinese)