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A detailed cyclic stress-strain behavior was investigated by Polark et al [10] indicated that softening and hardening happen according to stress-controlled or strain-controlled condition.
Marinelli et al [13] held the different views that microcracks initiate preferentially at grain boundaries and then propagate along slip markings formed in the austenitic and ferritic grains.
Chiu et al. [14] reported that at higher strain amplitude, γ-austenite transforms to the strain-induced thin martensite, indicating that the localized transformation at a tip of a fatigue crack can stop crack propagation.
El Bartali, I.
El Bartali, J.

Recently, Tulyaganov et al. reported that when they changed daily stimulated body fluid (SBF) while studying the biomineralization capability of CaO–MgO–SiO2–Na2O–P2O5–CaF2 bioglass system monetite (CaHPO4) formed, while, the same system favored formation of HA when SBF was not daily changed [11].
Blanco and E.L.
Barralet and E.L.
Del Olma Basterrechea and et al., Three-dimensional matrices of structured porous monetite for tissue engineering and osseous regeneration, and method for the preparation thereof, European Patent Application , EP 2 298 696 A1, Application number: 09793974.8, Date of filing: 08.07.2009
Del Olma Basterrechea et al., Three-dimensional matrices of structured porous monetite for tissue engineering and bone regeneration, and method for the preparation thereof, United States Patent Application 20110158963, Application Number: 13/002939, Publication Date: 06/30/2011

Experimental The synthesis of the Pd NPs adopted was carried out based on the work of Niu et al. [19] with minor modification.
As Király et.al [23] and Wang et.al [27] studied, the stability of Pd NPs in CTAB solution was implemented by a fully or partially developed adsorbed bilayer in a tail-to-tail arrangement.
El-Sayed: Science Vol. 272 (1996), p. 1924 [3] M.
El-Sayed: Acc.

　Fabrication of Hole-type Microcantilevers using FIB and its Evaluations Anh Hoang Truong 1,a, Hayato Sone1,b, Tomoyuki Kawakami2 and Sumio Hosaka1,c 1 Department of Production Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Japan 2 Department of Production Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Gunma University, Japan 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan a t11801373@gunma-u.ac.jp, b sone@el.gunma-u.ac.jp, c hosaka@el.gunma-u.ac.jp Key words: biosensor, microcantilever, FIB, resonance frequency, Q value, mass sensitivity, reduction of viscous resistance.
Cantilever-based biosensor technology, proposed by Berger, et al [1, 2] has played an important role in various applications, including mass sensor [1], force sensor [3], temperature sensor [4], calorimetric sensor [5], and thermogravimetric sensor [6].
The characteristic of resonant cantilevers in viscous liquid were investigated by Vancura, et al [13].
Viscosity and density of liquids from excitation level response of piezoelectric-excited cantilever sensor were studied by Wilson, et al [14].

[2] El-Gamal IM, Ghuiba FM, El-Batanoney MH, Gobiel S.Synthesis and evaluation of acrylate polymers for improving flow properties of waxy crudes.
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Ozonized Vegetable Oil as Pour Point Depressant For neat Biodiesel.Fuel,2006,85（1）:25~31 [14] Zhang Jinli, Zhang Ming, Wan Junjie，et al.
J.Phys Chem B, 2008，112 (1): 36~43 [15] GAO Shugang, AN Hong, LI Shuang, The recent advances in pour point depressant of diesel fuel,.Chemical Engineering,2007,141(11):37~39 [16] Srivastava S P, Tandon RS, Verma P S，et al.

The wilaya of Biskra, capital of the Ziban located about 470km south-east of Algiers limited to the north by the wilaya of Batna, to the east by wilaya of Khenchela, the west by wilaya of Msila and Djelfa, south by wilaya of El-Oued and Ouargla.
[10] Guerrida Belkacem et Abid abd el djalil : Etude de l’efficacité d’un charbon actif a base de noix de date dans l’adsorption du calcium.
Yue, et al.
J. 181-182 (2012) 790-797 [13] M.Kabya et al: Adsorption of heavy metals ions from aqueous solutions by activated carbon prepared from apricot stone.
[14] O.Gercel et al: Adsorption of lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions by activated carbon prepared from biomass material of Euphorbia rigida.

Seinen, et al., Radiation damage in NaCl.
Norton, E.L.
Shen, et al., Studies on formation of solid state NaXe clusters, J.
Weerkamp, J. seinen, et al., Radiation damage in NaCl.
Ruocco, et al.

Bui Quoc and al [9] establish a relationship between damage and the loading level.
En-naji et al; change of experimental elongations with increasing temperature for an abs material subjected to tensile test; International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) [3] G.
EN-NAJI et al Change of experimental young’s modulus with increasing temperature for an abs material subjected to tensile test: ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences; 2006-2019 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN).
El, M.
[17] Dubuc, J., et al.

(Examples given for Al-Mg-Mn [9]).
Extrusion: Extrusion of Al alloys is a very efficient and widely used way to fabricate semi-finished products, such as profiles and tubes, in sometimes quite complex shapes.
medium Al-Mg-Si or high-strength Al-Zn-Cu-Mg alloys) can easily be used due to the hot deformation and quenching effect implied in the extrusion process [16].
Hutchinson et.al
Jacot in ref. [5] [11] Y.J.Li, A.Johansen, S.Benum, C.J.Simensen, A.L.

., 2007, pp. 244-275 In Chinese [2] Sihai Luo, Qihu Qian, and Minhui Lai, et al, Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering. 26 S2 (2007) 3904－3911 In Chinese [3] Huabei Liu, and Erxiang Song, Computers and Geotechnics. 32 4 (2005) 223-24
[4] H.El Ganainya, and M.H.El Naggar, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. 29(9) (2009) 1249-1261
[7] Wusheng Zhao Weizhong Chen and Sheng Huang , et al, China Civil Engineering Journal. 43 S1 (2010) 554-559.
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