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Thorsteinsson, A geometrical optimization of a magneto-rheological rotary brake in a prosthetic knee, Smart Materials and Structures, DOI 10.1088/0964-1726/19/3/035023, 2010
Huang, The Analysis of Magnetorheological Brake Structure with Multiple Poles, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 479-480: 416-420, 2014
Choi, Optimal design of a novel hybrid MR brake for motorcycles considering axial and radial magnetic flux, Smart Materials and Structures, 21: 55003-55012, 2012
(Science and Technology) in Chinese, 39: 149-154, 2008
Ahn, A new structure of a magnetorheological brake with the waveform boundary of a rotary disk, Smart Materials and Structures, DOI 10.1088/0964-1726/18/11/115029, 2009

However, the properties of the ceramic materials make them difficult to be machined.
Lauwers et al. used EDM to machine ceramic materials and analyzed the ceramic materials’ separation mechanism [2].
It was found that the tool wear decreased as the materials on the tool cutting edges increased.
Ni, Tool wear monitoring for micro-end grinding of ceramic materials, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 2 (2009) 5110-5116
Bleys, Investigation of material removal mechanisms in EDM of composite ceramic materials, Journal of Materials Processing Technology (2004) 347–352

Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51075314), Science and Research Planning Project of Educational Commission of Shaanxi Province (No. 2010JK621), and Research Foundation for Talented Scholars of Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology (No.
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Ishida: Materials Science and Engineering A 273 (1999), p. 106
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Liu: Materials Transactions, Vol. 47, No. 3 (2006), p. 639
Krevet: Materials Transactions Vol. 43, No. 5 (2002), p. 1030

A parametric study and effect of dissimilar materials was performed on a molten microcasted droplet by Zarzalejo [14], to come up with relevant processing parameters found in Microcasting like the droplet initial temperature and substrate pre-heating.
Pridham, "Rapid Prototyping Using 3D Welding," Journal of Design and Manufacturing, No.3, 1993
Amon, “Successive Deposition of Metals in SFF Processes, part1: Thermo mechanical Models of Layers and Droplet columns”, pp 623-631, Journal of Manufacturing science and Engineering, Nov 2001
Amon, “Heat Transfer of Molten Droplet Deposition Including Dissimilar Materials: Numerical Modeling and Parametric Study”, Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA, 1998 [15] C.H.
Prinz, “Thermal stresses and deposition patterns in layered manufacturing”, Materials Science and Engineering A317 (2001) 59–64

Materials Magneto-rheological fluid.
[3] Zhen Caoa, Wanquan Jianga,, Xingzhu Yeb, Xinglong Gongb, Preparation of superparamagnetic Fe3O4/PMMA nano composites and their magnetorheological characteristics, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 320 (2008) 1499–1502
[7] Klaus-Jürgen Pahl, New developments in multi-point die-cushion technology, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Volume 71, Issue 1, 1 November 1997, Pages 168–173
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[10] Søren Tommerup, Benny Endelt, Experimental verification of a deep drawing tool system for adaptive blank holder pressure distribution, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Volume 212, Issue 11, November 2012, Pages 2529–2540

Introduction The ceramic industry is one of the major users of alumina as raw materials.
Alumina ceramics are renowned typical ceramics and this type of ceramics is one of the most useful ceramic materials used in various fields e.g. as engineering materials, electrical insulators, structural, optical, biomaterials and in biomedical applications.
It is common for alumina and other materials to be mixed to produce ceramic products suited to specific purposes.
Nonetheless, these days, the awareness of recycling waste materials continues to rise thus encouraging development of new sustainable materials.
Rajeswari, Biological Evaluation of Bioceramic Materials – A Review, Trends in Biomaterials and Artificial Organs. 18:1 (2004) 9-17

Vinegar Identification by Ultraviolet Spectrum Technology and Improved Multi-class Support Vector Machines Xuemei Yang1,a, Long Zhang1,b, Zhixi Li2,c 1School of Mathematics and Information Science, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang ,712000,China 2School of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A﹠F University of Science, Yangling, 712100,China axmyang412@gmail.com, b443186879@qq.com, clizhixi@nwsuaf.edu.cn Key words: ultraviolet spectrum, vinegar, identification, improved multi-class support vector machines Abstract.
Material and data Experiment material Vinegar: (a)Black Rice spicy vinegar, (b) Jiajia mature vinegar, (c)Shuita mature vinegar, (d)Xiaoerhei grain spicy vinegar, (e)Zhenjiang spicy vinegar, they are bought from Yangling Guomao Supermarket.
Self-made vinegar: made by the Practice Factory of School of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University of Science.
Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators, Vol.19(1), p. 104-107, (2006) [2] Huadong Xie, Lijun Bu, Zhixi Li: New Method of Vinegar Detection Based on Ultraviolet Fingerprint Technology[J].
Journal of Agriculture Machine, Vol.40 (4), p. 133-138, (2009), [3] Huali Zhao, Zhixi Li, Xuemei Yang and Baoan Chen: Vinegar Identification by ultraviolet Spect rum Technology and Pattern Recognition Method[J], Scientia Magna,Vol.5(3) p.103-110 (2009) [4] Shuying Yang:Pattern Recognition And Intelligent Computation[M], Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry, p.138, (2008) [5] John Shawe-Taylor, Nello Cristianini: Kernel Methods for Pattern Analysis[M], Beijing:China Machine Press, p.211-230, (2005) [6] Deng Naiyang, Tian Yingjie: New Method in Data Digging—Support Vector Machine [M], Beijing: Publishing House of Science, p.217, (2005)

For example, the materials of belt change from the initial 304L stainless steel to various kinds of stainless steel and other special steel.
The filling materials are also developed from only asbestos to flexible graphite and Teflon.
Lu working at Nanjing university of chemical technology studied on the relationship between mechanical property of the spiral wound gasket, compression rate and material structure, materials performance[5,6].
In order to control the compression rate and rebound rate, those spiral wound gaskets with different angle have a quite different optimum pre-pressure, even its materials and mechanical property of steel belt stay the same.
Shi: Journal of Petroleum Machinery Vol. 28 (2000), p. 12-16

Preparation and ESR properties of silicon nitride nanowires Jin Chen 1, Xiaogang Wang 1 Haiyan Zhang 2 1 .Faculty of Materials, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, xi’an, 710054,China 2.
Since the discovery of carbon nanotube[,9], efforts have been made on synthesis of one dimensional nanoscale materials by using carbon nanotubes as the precursors.
The infrared spectrum of nano-structure materials has a blue shift phenomena.
Journal of Materials Processing Technology 63 (1997) : 277-280
Diamond & Related Materials. 14 (2005): 749-752