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Optimization of EB welded joint of 2219 Al-alloy, from the yield strength, hardness and bead geometry point of view, is the topic of this study.
The criteria in these preliminary experiments were the optimal bead characteristics (full weld penetration, and minimal bead width) of the weld for the 2219 Al-alloy having thickness of 5mm.
Yield strength of the specimen reached up to 62% strength of base metal and this result is better than that obtained by Koteswara. et. al. , [19], he reported that the maximum yield strength of 2219 Al-alloys welded by Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) is 204 MPa (52% of the yield strength of the base metal).
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 1998. 84: p. 122-129 [13] Al-Refaie, A., and Li, M., N-G Approach for Solving the Multiresponse Problem in Taguchi Method. in in The world congress on engineering. 2008.
El-Haik, B.S, Design for six sigma : A roadmap for product development. 2nd ed. 2009, New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 741

Simulated Body Fluid Sorption and Solubility of Silica Reinforced Dental Resin Composites Saad Omar Alsharif1a, Hazizan Bin Md Akil1b, Nasser Abbas Abd El-Aziz2c, Zainal Arifin Bin Ahmad1d 1School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia 2Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia *E-mail: asaadelsharif@yahoo.com; bhazizan@eng.usm.my; cnasser@amdi.usm.edu.my; dzainal@eng.usm.my, Keywords: Simulated Body Fluid, sorption, solubility, resin composites, SiO2, filler loading.
These findings are in agreement with works done by Doǧan et al. [7] and Wadgaonkar et al. [13].
Tay, et al., Water sorption/solubility of dental adhesive resins, Dent.
Kim, et al., The characteristics of a hydroxyapatite–chitosan–PMMA bone cement, Biomaterials. 25 (2004) 5715-23
Rodgers, et al., Evaluation of the effect of water-uptake on the impedance of dental resins, Biomaterials. 27 (2006) 3287-94

PAN Based Carbon Nanofibers as an Active ORR Catalyst Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem1,3a, Daiki Takino2, Takayuki Ishikawa2, Takuya Tsujiguchi2 and Nobuyoshi Nakagawa2b* 1Advanced Technology Research Center (ATEC), Gunma University 2Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, JAPAN 3Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, El-Minia University El-Minia, Egypt a mohammad@atec.gunma-u.ac.jp, b* nakagawa@cee.gunma-u.ac.jp Keywords: Electrospinning; Carbon nanofibers; Cyclic voltammetry; Oxygen reduction reaction; Acidic media Abstract Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based carbon nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning and their activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic media was investigated.
Ozkan et al. [14] and Ozaki et al. [15] reported that the transition metal was not an active site for the ORR, but its existence enhanced the formation of the active sites for the ORR.
XPS was carried out using a spectrometer equipped with a monochromator (Perkin Elmer 5500-MT) with an Al anode at 14 kV and 10W.

The works of Dunn [4] and Zhang et al. [5], based on graphite-epoxy composite structures, have been the first to provide some deeper insight on the influence of the surface resin rich layer on the thermoelastic signal.
The possibility of an influence of the surface resin rich layer in GRPs was suggested by Cunningham et al. [1], while trying to explain the inadequacy of the classic theory in predicting the thermoelastic signal on a series of cross ply and angle ply glass-epoxy samples.
More recently Pitarresi et al. [3] have further investigated the possibility to consider the surface resin rich layer as a strain witness of the strain field in the laminate, proposing a novel analytical model accounting for the resin layer influence while linking the thermoelastic signal to the local stress components on the outer lamina, which under adiabatic conditions are believed to be the only ones affecting the measure.
E-Glass Polyester Young's modulus E [GPa] 72.5 3.5 Poisson's ratio ν 0,22 0,35 CTE α [1/°K] 5×10-6 80×10-6 Density ρ [Kg/m 3] 2500 1150 Specific heat Cp [KJ/Kg°K] 0.81 1.7 Lamina Average lamina thickness [mm] 0.27 measured Average Fibre volume ratio 0.46 measured Young's modulus EL [GPa] 33.5 measured Young's modulus ET [GPa] 9.5 measured Poisson's ratio νLT 0.29 measured Shear modulus GLT [GPa] 3 estimated Longitudinal CTE αL [1/°K] 9.2×10-6 estimated Transverse CTE αT [1/°K] 59.5×10-6 estimated Fig. 1: 1a and 1b show a theoretical prediction of A1, B1 and A2, B2 (eq. 2,3,5,6) at varying fibre volume fraction.
El-Hajjar, and R.M.

Element concentration [wt%] Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Cr Zn Ti Al 0.3-0.6 0.1-0.3 0.1 0.1 0.35-0.6 0.05 0.15 0.1 Balance Aluminium rods were cut into specimens 40mm in length, suitable for use in ECAP dies.
The dislocation climb is limited in cold forming which, for Al alloys, is below 70°C.
Shaeric; Procedia Materials Science Vol. 11 ( 2015 ); p. 95 – 100 [6] Mohamed Ibrahim ABD EL AALa, M.M.
SADAWY; Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China; Vol. 25, Issue 12, (2015), p. 3865–3876 [7] Lucia Ilucová, Ivan Saxl, Milan Svoboda, Václav Sklenička, Petr Král; Image Anal Stereol Vol. 26 (2007); p. 37-43 [8] Érika Ferananda Prados; Vitor Luiz Sordi; Maurizio Ferrante; Materials Research On-line version ISSN 1980-5373; Vol. 11 (2007) [9] Seung Chae Yoon1;2, Anumalasetty Venkata Nagasekhar3, Ji Hoon Yoo4, [10] Mohamed Ibrahim Abd El Aal, Majid Vaseghi, Hyoung Seop Kim; Materials Transactions, Vol. 51, No. 1 (2010) pp. 46 -50 [11] W.J.
A325 (2002); page 228–235 [23] Saiyi Li; Comments on ‘‘Influences of crystallographic orientations on deformation mechanism and grain refinement of Al single crystals subjected to one-pass equal-channel angular pressing”; Scripta Materialia; Vol. 59 (2008); page 418–420

According to the chemical composition, the investigated zeolite rocks are highly siliceous; and characterized by high Si/Al ratio, the total content of SiO2 and Al2O3 is 78.2 %.
FTIR spectrum of modified zeolite Generally, FTIR spectrum of the zeolite is characterized by the most intensive absorption band observed at 1058 cm–1 corresponding to asymmetric stretching vibrations Si-O-Si and Si-O-Al.
The absorption bands at 442 and 482 cm–1 are assigned to the bending vibration O-Si(Al)-O.
Schoenitz, E.L.
Chen, E.L.

Wang et al. [2] had reported Cu+2 doping by replacing some amount of Co+2 to lower the phase formation temperature as ionic radii of Cu and Co is same [2].
Similar changes are reported by Nakamura et al. [8] and Nam et al. [9] for Cu doping in Ni-Zn ferrite system.
El-Sayed, M.
El Hitti, Dielectric behavior and ac electrical conductivity of Zn-substituted Ni-Mg ferrites, J.

Aziz et al., “A review on the modification of cellulose and its applications,” Polymers (Basel)., vol. 14, no. 15, p. 3206, 2022
Choi et al., “Thiol-functionalized cellulose nanofiber membranes for the effective adsorption of heavy metal ions in water,” Carbohydr.
EL-Moslamy, E.
El-Fakharany, E.
Abral et al., “Transparent and antimicrobial cellulose film from ginger nanofiber,” Food Hydrocoll., vol. 98, no.

J., Maxwell M., et al., J.
D., et al., Text.
F., Wang Q. j., Wang Y., et al., Fibers and Polymers, 2009, 10(1):40
Z., Ni Y., et al., Journal of Analytical Science( in chinese), 2009, 25(5): 615
R., Ni Y., et al., Chinese J.

Demelio et al. [3] reported their experimental results for the fatigue behavior of the composite sandwich structures fastened with steel plates using blind fasteners.
Belingardi et al. [4] investigated the four-point bending fatigue behavior of the undamaged and damaged sandwich beams with aluminum honeycomb cores and carbon-fiber composite face sheets.
[2] El Mahi A, Khawar Farooq M, Sahraoui S, et al: Mater.
[5] Belouettar S, Abbadi A, Azari Z, et al: Compos.
[6] Zou G., Lu J, Cao Y, et al: Acta Metall Sinica, Vol.47(2011), p. 1181-1187