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Modified Jiles-Atherton Model The phenomenological description advanced in the eighties of the last century has gained a considerable attention in the scientific and engineering community.
The corresponding values are obtained from the transformed constitutive relationship Extended Takács Model Takács has advanced an interesting description of hysteresis loops and related magnetization curves using a hyperbolic tangent transformation between the loop coordinates [7].
It should be remarked that this optimization routine is very attractive from the engineering point of view, as it yields optimal solutions in a reasonable time and it does not require many user settings.
In order to draw some meaningful conclusions about the obtained results, the final relationship erived for the modified JA the parameter b responsible for reversible magnetization effects has been set to zero, as the corresponding model advanced by Takács does not consider the reversibility.
Forum 727–728 (2012) 130–134

The influence of modelling material zones on strains and stresses at weld toe notch Karol Niklas1, a, Janusz Kozak2, b 1, 2 Gdansk University of Technology, The Faculty of Ocean Engineering and Ship Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 St., Gdansk, Poland akarnikla@pg.gda.pl, bkozak@pg.gda.pl Keywords: laser welds, fatigue, material model, FEM, FEA Abstract.
Introduction Advances in welding technology enabled prefabrication of thinwalled structures in industrial scale.
[2] Niklas K., Calculations of notch stress factor of a thin-walled spreader bracket fillet weld with the use of a local stress approach, Engineering Failure Analysis, vol. 45, pp 326–338, Elsevier Ltd., 2014, DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2014.06.017
[3] Niklas K., Kozak J., Influence of the Notch Rounding Radius on Estimating the Elastic Notch Stress Concentration Factor in a Laser Welded Tee Joint, Materials Science Forum Vol. 726 (2012) pp. 100-105, Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland, doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.726.100

Review and development of crystalline silicon solar cell with intelligent materials YingLian Wang1, a, JunYao Ye2,b 1 Department of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute, 333403, China 2College of Information and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute, 333403, China asdwyl@126.com, bsdyejunyao@126.com Keywords: Monocrystalline silicon, Polycrystalline silicon, Amorphous silicon, Solar cells, Intelligent materials Abstract: The application of solar cell has offered human society renewable clean energy.
Beijing Solar Energy Research Institute developed the comprehensive utilization of variety of advanced silicon solar cell technology; the photoelectric conversion efficiency reached 19.8%.
Energy Engineering. 1, 24-27 ( 2008)
Industry Forum. 7, 14-16 (2003)
Materials Science and Engineering B. 153, 66-69 (2008)

Kwab and Anthony O’Neillb a Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering,  International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O.
Box 10, 50728 , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia b School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom Keywords: Silicon Nanowire; KOH; TMAH; LER Abstract.A top-down silicon nanowire fabrication using a combination of optical lithography and orientation dependent etching has been developed using Silicon-on Insulator (SOI) as the starting substrate.
Subramanian, "Smooth etching of silicon using TMAH and isopropyl alcohol for MEMS applications " Microelectronic Engineering, vol. 77, 2004
Ashruf, "Anisotropic wet etching of silicon with alkaline etchants” in Forum for MEMS Technology, Sensors and Systems, February 2011
Brainard, "Advanced Processes for 193-nm Immersion Lithography”, 2009

The new surface forming method of solid materials is an important part in advanced manufacturing.
In the applying research of crack theory, how to make crack quickly is a key problem that meets demand of high efficient production in engineering.
Materials Science Forum Vols.437-438 (2003) p.309 [5] Li Y T, Ma P and Yan C F.
Key Engineering Materials Vols.324-325 (2006) p. 503 [6] Li Y T and Yan C F.
Key Engineering Materials Vols.306-308 (2006) p. 7 [7] Cook T S and Erdogan F.

Mechanical Engineering, Vol.124 (2002), p.52 [2] E.
Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition) , Vol.35 (2005), p.287.
Forum Vol. 83-87 (1992), p. 119 [25] M.
International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol.49 (2010), p.475.[3] Y.
Mishing, in: Diffusion Processes in Advanced Technological Materials, edtied by D.

Shokuhfar1,b 1Mapna Group, Mapna locomotive Company(MLC), Production Department, Karaj, Iran 2Advanced Materials & Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, K.N.Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran aozhdelnia@gmail.com, bshokuhfar@kntu.ac.ir Keyword: Mechanical alloying; Al-4.5wt%Mg /TiC; Crystallite size; MMC.
El-Eskandarany: Mechanical Alloying for Fabrication of Advanced Engineering Materials (Noyes Publications/William Andrew Publising, New York 2001)
Forum Vol. 273-276 (2008), p. 622

Effect of deformation and annealing on microstructure and properties of composite Cu–10Fe-3Ag wire Yong LI 1,2,a, Danqing YI 1,b, Ruiqing LIU 2,c, Shunping Sun1,d 1Department of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China 2National Center for Copper Smelting and Process Engineering Technology Research, Ganzhou 341000, China aliyong0248@163.com, bdanqing@mail.csu.edu.cn, cliuruiqing66@yahoo.com.cn, dssp19811117@sina.com Keywords: Cu-10Fe-3Ag in-situ composite；Fe fiber；hardness; conductivity Abstract：A Cu–10Fe–3Ag alloy was produced by means of induction melting.
According to three kinds of different models explained the instability change Fe fiber advanced by Mullins [14], Rayleigh [15] and Courtney [16], the thermal stability of the Fe fibers depends on three factors: the initial size of fibers; interfacial energy of fiber/matrix; the diffusion coefficient of the Fe element in the matrix given annealing temperature and heat preservation time.
Forum 539–543 (2007) 2798–2803

Antagonistic Shape Memory Alloy Actuators in Soft Robotics Tien Sy LE1,a*, Holger SCHLEGEL1,b, Welf-Guntram DROSSEL1,c, Andreas HIRSCH1,d 1Technische Universitaet Chemnitz, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Machine Tools and Production Processes, Reichenhainer Str. 70, Germany atien-sy.le@s2013.tu-chemnitz.de, bholger.schlegel@mb.tu-chemnitz.de, cadaptronik@mb.tu-chemnitz.de, dandreas.hirsch@mb.tu-chemnitz.de Keywords: shape memory alloys, soft robotics, antagonistic actuators Abstract.
-32, 2015 [4] Seok, S.; Onal, C.O.; Wood, R.; Rus, D.; and Kim, S.: Peristaltic locomotion with antagonistic actuators in soft robotics, Anchorage, Alaska, USA, 2010 [5] Hino, T.; Maeno, T.: Development of a Miniature robot Finger with a Variable Stiffness Mechanism using Shape Memory Alloy, Queretaro, Mexico, 2004 [6] Newell, G.E.: The role of the coelomic fluid in the movements of earthworms, Journal of Experimental Biology, 27:110-122, 1950 [7] Menciassi, A.; Gorini, S.; Pernorio,G.; Dario,P.: A SMA Actuated Artificial Earthworm, IEEE Internaltional Conference on Robotics and Automation 2004 Proceedings ICRA 04 2004 4: 3282-3287 Vol.4 [8] Liu, C.Y.; Liao, W.H.: A Snake Robot Using Shape Memory Alloys, Proceedings of the IEEE, International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, Shenyang, China, 2004 [9] Cianchetti, M.; Arienti, A.; Follador, M.; Mazzolai, B.; Dario, P.; Laschi, C.: Design concept and validation of a robotic arm inspired by the octopus, Materials Science and Engineering
On Robotics and Automation, Vol.12, No.1, pp. 90-102, February 1996 [11] Šitum, Z.; Herceg, S.: Design and Control of a Manipulator Arm Driven by Pneumatic Muscle Actuators, 16th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation Congress Centre, Ajaccio, France, June 25-27, 2008 [12] Schiedeck, F.: Entwicklung eines Modells fuer Formgedaechtnisaktoren im geregelten dynamischen Betrieb, Dissertation, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, 2009 [13] Pagel, K.; Bucht, A.; Jung, J.: Numerische Simulation des Aktivierungsverhaltens von thermischen Formgedaechtnislegierungen, Model Based Design Forum, Darmstadt, 2009 [14] Oelschlaeger, L.: Numerische Modellierung des Aktivierungsverhaltens von Formgedaechtnisaktoren am Beispiel eines Schrittantriebes, Dissertation, Shaker Verlag, 2004 [15] Madill, D.R; Wang, D.: Modeling and L2-Stability of a Shape Memory Alloy Position Control System.
J.; Hägglund, T.: Advanced PID Control.

Effect of Forming Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of Thixomolding AZ91D Magnesium Alloy Xiaopeng Cui 1, a, Haifeng Liu 2,b , Tao Zhang 3,c ,Yongbing Liu3,d 1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering of Changchun University of Technology, the Key Laboratory of Advanced Structrural Materials, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China 2 R&D Centre of Foundry Corporation, FAW Group Corporation, Changchun, China 3 List all distinct addresses in the same way Department of Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin University, the Key Laboratory of Automobile material, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China a cuixiaopeng2004@126.com, bliuhf2004@126.com, cyizumi@yizumi.net, dybingliu@jlu.edu.cn Keywords: Process Conditions; Mechanical Properties; Thixomolding Abstract.
Forum Vol. 546-549 (2007), p. 93 [9] Xiaopeng Cui: The research on the microstructure and process of Thixomolding AZ91D magnesium alloy (Doctoral dissertation, Jilin University, China 2006).