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Laser Processing: Using the interaction of laser beam and material, the metallic or non-metallic materials were processed by drilling, welding, cutting, turning, surface and heat treatment.
Advance of manufacturing process by materials science: Materials science requires more new challenges of manufacturing process, on the one hand, it compels ordinary mechanical processing methods to change the tool material, and improved manufacturing equipment, on the one hand, for the processing of new functional materials, new manufacturing process technology, which requires the application of more physics, chemistry, materials science and modern knowledge.
Acknowledgment The research is supported by International Cooperation Science and Technology Projects of Ministry of Science and Technology (2006DFA72470), Science and Technique Foundation of Henan Province (092102210272).
Journal of Membrane Science, 2002, 204: 271-281
Journal of Biotechnology, 2005, 116:79-89.

In this work, the steel and cast iron materials with and without surface treatment were investigated.
Selected samples of materials are shown in Fig. 3 to Fig. 7.
INITIAL STATE b a Fig. 3 a) Uncoated material b) Coated material Fig. 4 Coated materials STATE AFTER WEAR Fig. 5 Uncoated materials a b Fig. 6 Materials with coating a) polyurethane ʺredʺ b) PLASMAMETAL 3 Fig. 7 Materials with ceramic coating Summary v The hardness of the surfaces was measured before and after abrasive and erosive testing procedures.
Zrak, Finite element analysis of crack growth in pipelines, Manufacturing Technology - Journal for science, research and production, 14 1 (2014) 116 - 122
Kyselka, Diploma work: Evaluation of resistance to abrasive wear of materials on water turbine blades, (2014)

Effect of Surface Stress on the Deformation of an Half-Plane Applied to Nanometer Materials Zhiying Ou1*, Jing Guo1 1*School of Science, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P.R.China 1*zhiyingou@163.com, 1gj303346820@126.com Key words: Circular hole; Surface stress; Nano material.
Mura, Inclusion problem, ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics Review, 1988, pp. 15-20
Keer, Interaction between a rigid indenter and a near-surface void or inclusion, Journal of Applied Mechanics. 50 (1993) 615-620
Pharr, An Improved Technique for Determining Hardness and Elastic Modulus Using Load and Displacement Sensing Indentation Experiment, Journal of Materials Research. 7(1992) 1564-1583
Murdoch, A continuum theory of elastic material surfaces, Arch.

China 2 Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin ,541004, P.
Kenneth: Journal of Power Sources Vol. 97-98 (2001), p. 681 [3] W.
Kim: Journal of Power Sources Vol. 81-82(1999), p.517 [4] H.
Huang: Materials Letters Vol. 17 (2008) , p.3010 [6] Z.
Amine: Journal of Power Sources Vol.168 (2007), p.501

The teaching of literature retrieval course is an effective channel to develop innovative ability for agricultural science and technology university students.
It’s limited for “database retrieval”, “document delivery”, “interlibrary loan”, “science and technology novelty search” and “user training such services”；2) search engine is the main way that students get information (35.4%), while “database” is only 12.04% ；3) the current literature graduate students types of use are limited in the "book", "journal" and "dissertation" on, and the use sum of the "conference papers" "patent document", "standard literature “report of science and technology” only accounted for 16.58% .For graduate students in science and engineering， the latter four types of literature apparently haven’t drawn great attention from the students；4) to find learning materials, email and browsing news is the main purpose of the graduate students to use the Internet; 5) 25% of the students know the novelty search, only 5.54% of the students did study sci-tech novelty search.
Jilin agricultural science and technology college student provincial innovation subjects are up to 60 per year and 60 school level ones.
Upload teaching materials to server to realize online sharing, Fundamentally solve the problem that literature retrieval course students’ accessing to information is not convenient.
[2] Mingqiu Yang,Journal of Jilin Teachers Institute of engineering and technology(2008).in Chinese

Furthermore, ceramic materials containing natural cracks were also evaluated by this technique.
From the results, it was shown that this technique is valuable as a novel NDE technique applicable to ferro-magnetic and para-magnetic materials containing fatigue cracks and to ceramic materials containing natural cracks.
Since high frequency current, which is not influenced by magnetic permeability, is impressed on the specimen, ferromagnetic materials as well as paramagnetic materials can be inspected.
Results and discussion Detection of artificial defects for conductive materials.
Li: Journal of Physics D Vol. 29 (1996), pp.233-239

Study on the Flow Field of Friction Stir Welding of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Based on the Temperature Variation Ali Lua, Sheng Lub, Shujin Chenc and Daili Yangd School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China azifenglin.1016@163.com, blusheng119@yahoo.com.cn, c18708285@qq.com, d954219386@qq.com Keywords: Temperature distribution, Tags embedded technology, Overlay welding of dissimilar materials, Friction stir welding, Flow field.
Journal of welding, 2005, 26(12):17-20
Materials Characterization, 2003, 49:95s-101s
Material flow behavior during Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum [J].Welding Journal, 1999, 78(7):229s-237s
Materials engineering, 2008, (2):62-66

The Probability Distribution Modeling of Surface Heat Flux Density on Metal Material Chengzhi Yang 1, a, Li Zhou 2,b 1 Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China 2 Huaneng Renewables Corporation Limited, Beijing, China a yangchengzhi_614@yahoo.com.cn, b 1183589197@qq.com Keywords: Surface heat flux density; Probability distribution; Metal material; Energy saving Abstract.
Introduction Based on thermodynamic relations between the heating temperature of metal material and its heat flux density, the 3D surface heat flux density model of metal material is raised.
This model can reflect real surface heat flux density change of metal material.
Obviously the principle can extend and apply to all process of heating metal material.
Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power, 2006, 21 (1): 35-38

Materials with continuous but heterogeneous isotropic phases can be successfully treated with statistical grid indentation for many materials like cementitious materials [4-6] geopolymers [7] or metal alloys [8].
An emphasis was put on the behavior of basic building blocks for the distinct materials.
Vlassak et al., The indentation modulus of elastically anisotropic materials for indenters of arbitrary shape, Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 51 (2003) 1701-1721
Němeček, Nanoindentation Based Analysis of Heterogeneous Structural Materials, in: J.
Němeček (Ed.), Nanoindentation in Materials Science, Intech 2012, ISBN 978-953-51-0802-3

Materials, 13, 20, pp. 1-11
Journal of Advanced Research in Materials Science, 74, 1, pp. 1-18
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 374, pp. 711-715
Smart Materials and Structures, 30, 2 [8] Song W.
Journal of Tribology, 133, 3