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Morska 81-87, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland 2 Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Machinery Materials' and Welding, ul.
Flame spraying is widely used to apply coatings in the manufacture or reconditioning of a variety of machine parts (drive shaft journals in marine shafting, crank shaft main journals, pump rotors and casings, valve inserts and internal combustion engine cylinders, ship propellers and turbine rotor journals) [1, 3].
In the case of coatings subjected to hot plastic working, stresses connected with the difference in thermal expansion between the coating material and base as well as the phase transformations occurring in both materials added to the increase in the internal stresses due to plastic strain.
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, No 157 - 158 (2004), s.434-441 [3] Klimpel A.: Technologie napawania i natryskiwania cieplnego.
Materials Science and Engineering, No 3-4 (2007), s. 524-526

Introduction Titanium is characterized by a high corrosion resistance as compared to other structural materials.
Kramer, Materials Science and Technology, VCH, New York-Tokyo, vol. 8, 1992
Henkel, Structure and Properties of Engineering Materials, McGraw-Hill, 2002
Al-Abdallah, Corrosion of titanium and zinc alloy in dead sea water, Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 43 (1996) 17-22
Watson, Study of the surface layer formed by the laser processing of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in a dilute nitrogen environment, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 113 (2001) 509-515

Metals and Materials, 1989, 5 (6), pp. 334 [3] J.
Kwon: Fabrication and characterisation of Ti-Cu clad materials by direct extrusion; Journal of Materials Processing Technology 187-188 (2007), pp. 653-656
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Materials Science and Technology, August 1997, Vol. 13, pp. 673-678 [10] M.
Collings: Materials Properties Handbook: Titanium alloys, Materials Park, Ohio, ASM International, 1994 [12] W.

Introduction Montmorillonite (MMT) is a kind of layered silicate which is one of the most active materials in area of clay modified epoxy resin (EP).
Experimental Sections Materials and regents The relative molecular weight of chitosan (CTS) is about 3.0 × 105, with the deacetylated degree equal or greater than 90.0%.
Chen: Journal of South China Normal University (Natural Science Edition), Vol. 4 (2009), p. 61-64 [2] Z.
Yan: Materials Review, Vol. 17 (2003), p. 110-113 [4] X.
Qian: Journal of Functional Polymers, Vol. 18 (2005), p. 383-386 [7] Kattik S, Katti D.

The damage can quickly grow through the taped region and can reduce the strength of materials.
Thomas[3] uses linear elastic fracture mechanics, combined with simple strength of materials theory, to predict the axial tensile load that will cause delamination in a tapered laminate of known geometry and material properties.
References [1] Obrien TK, in : Damage in composite laminate materials, edited by Reifsnider TK, ASTM STP 775.Philadelphia(PA): ASTM, 140-67(1982)
AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS 32nd Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conf.
[5] Vizzini AJ: Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites Vol.16(1997), p.73

The performance of LEFP is affected by the shapes, sizes and materials of liner which is the core part of LEFP.
The shell material is 45 steel, the liner caliber is d and charging caliber is D.
Journal of Applied Physics.1987, 61(11):4976~4985
Journal of Materials Science.1984, 19(9):3049~3058
Explosion and Shock Waves, 1988, 8(4):316~322(In Chinese) [9] Ruijun Gou, Forming Mechanism of Linear Explosively Formed Penetrator, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, (2007) (In Chinese).

Introduction Continuous research and development has resulted in new materials that are hard to machine, such as metal alloys, titanium carbides and high-speed steel.
Some greater brittleness materials, like ferrites, silicon and glass are also difficult to machine.
In order to machine the materials, some special machining techniques like ultrasonic machining (USM) are introduced [1, 2].
References [1] Lin Y., Yan B., Chang Y., 2000, Machining characteristics of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) using a combination process of EDM with USM, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 104 (2000) 171-177
[2] Nikhil churi, Rotary ultrasonic machining of hard-to-machine materials [D], Kansas State University, 2010

Natural fibers such as flax, hemp and jute are some of the most common reinforcement material for composite fiber.
This phenomenon is closely related to the decreasing hydrophobic properties of fibers and promotes reactions of polymerization of the two materials components.
Composites: Applied Science and Manufacturing , 35, pp. 371-376
I.N.G., Pratikto., Suprapto W.,( 2015), Effects of Sugar Palm Fiber Immersed In Sea Water Toward the Fiber Tensile Strenght As A Composite Strengthen, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research 10 (7) pp 17037 – 17045
Watts, (2005), The Morphology and Topography of Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces Exposed by Ultra-low-angle Microtomy, Journal of Materials Science 40. pp. 285-293.

Fig. 1 Grid division 2.2 Material attribute, experimental parameters and boundary conditions Using aluminum as the workpiece materials, H13(4Cr5MoSiV1) the stir-welding head material, The coefficient of friction between them set to 0.17[9].
Table 1 lists the performance of the two materials[9].
Acknowledgements The authors would gratefully thank for the Youth Science and Technology Fund of Sichuan Province (No.2011JQ0039), the Talent Fund of Xihua University (No.R0920203), and the Science and Technology Fund of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of the P.R.
Welding Journal, 1997(9)：55-59
Kovaccvic, International Journal of Machine Tool&Manufacture, vol.43, pp.605-615, 2003

It is the most popular way to strengthen glass because of the low cost of the materials, the simplicity of the necessary equipment and the ease of the processing [2].
Sada, A trip in the history and evolution of ion-exchange process, Materials science and engineering B. 149 (2008) 112-117
[3] Zhenlin Wang, Chemical tempering process and characterization of Na-Ca-Si glass, Advanced Materials Research. 239(2011) 1809-1812
Stress relaxation of ion exchanged float aluminosilicate glass at different temperature, Advanced Materials Research. 650(2013) 216-219
Fossa, Physical properties of silicate glasses doped with SnO2, Journal of Non-Crystal Solids. 351(2005) 3870-3878