Search results

When iron is difficult to diffuse into the coating through the Cu interlayer, the reduction of Cu content in the coating is beneficial for achieving higher hardness.
The relevant fitting data by Tafel method [32] is listed in Table 4, where Ecorr is the corrosion potential and Icorr is corrosion current density.
Table 4 Fitting data of polarization curve of titanium alloy coatings.

It should be noted that a small amount of research has been conducted in the sector of noise reduction applications.
In order to determine the transfer function between the two microphones, a data acquisition system was also used to process and record signals.
For interpreting sound waves to digital signals MATLAB software was utilized to save the output signal data.

The data treatment, after the data collection stage, an ANOVA statistical analysis was performed to verify which factors and Taguchi levels influenced the rigidity of the specimens.
Nowadays, every detail and every reduction and savings matters.

This process of data sharing, between ANSYS structural and CFX fluid field, continues until these fluid forces and the structural displacements fall below a prescribed convergence criteria.
All the physics and data are shared with this window.
Fin's deflection results in flow velocity reduction in fluid domain over it which affect in pressure increase.

Another outstanding factor is related to the reductions in cost and weight of cars [2].
In the present study, according to the data expressed in Table 4, no significant weight changes were observed when the fibers were treated with NaOH 1 N.
This treatment gave to the studied fibers a beneficial effect which increases their transverse dimensions (swelling), increased gloss and smoothness of their surfaces (visually and tactually perceived) (data not shown).

Generally, MEMS are integrated systems,  which combine electrical and mechanical components in order to  sense its environment (mechanical sensors)  have the ability to react to changes in that environment (actuators), and to  analyze the data (electronics),  which are fabricated by technologies for microelectronic devices, and  which have a size in the order of micro- to millimeter.
The lines represent power-law fits, yielding slopes slightly below -1 for all data sets [19].
Improvements of the actuation and read-out schemes including the reduction of the background signal will be faced next.

The following year, a slightly modified version, shown in Fig. 2, appeared as a data sheet in Metal Progress [7], and in this form the diagram became commonly known as the familiar Schaeffler Diagram that has appeared in countless other publications.
It should also be noted that the WRC-1988 Diagram includes, in addition to the solid iso-ferrite lines, three dashed lines that divide the diagram into four solidification modes, according to the solidification mode data developed by Suutala as cited by McCowan et al [14].
Figure 4 – WRC-1988 Diagram Following publication of the WRC-1988 Diagram, approximately 200 sets of measured FN and chemical composition were obtained independent of the data base used in developing that diagram, covering the range of 0 to 18 FN.
This in turn led to the reduction in demand for stabilized stainless steels such as 347 and 321 for corrosion-resisting applications.
Figure 13 – Stress Rupture Properties of 308 Stainless Steel Weld Metal Containing about 200 ppm Bi versus other 308 Weld Metals The open square symbols are data for 200 ppm Bi.

The damage arising from conventional machining (CM) can cause significant reduction in the tensile and compressive strength of a composite structure contributing to a significant economic burden – as 60 % of the components rejected during manufacturing are due to inferior hole quality [6, 13-15].
Average surface roughness Ra measures the average vertical distance of the mean roughness profile line from all measured data points (including peaks and valleys).
Maximum profile valley depth Rv is a measure of the vertical distance of the mean roughness profile from the deepest ‘valley’ data points only.
Skewness Rsk is a dimensionless parameter measuring the asymmetry of the probability distribution of roughness profile vertical distances from all data points, with negative values indicating that the bulk of the data fall on the right side of the probability density function curve.

Although the precise physiological function(s) of h-PON1 is yet unknown [6], studies demonstrated that reduction of PON1 enzyme level on blood causes a great risk to many metabolic disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, chronic diseases, renal failure, rheumatoid arthritis, hyperthyroidism and aging [10,11].
In this regards, to obtain more reliable data about the potential toxicity of newly synthesized nanoflowers, it is important the in vivo test/model material used for safety tests.
According to the data obtained, %Activity-Inhibitor concentration graphs were plotted for all three drugs and IC50 values were calculated from the curves in the graphs [27,29]. 2.7.
Data are presented in Table 3.
The % Activity-Inhibitor concentration graphs were plotted versus three drugs using the obtained data and IC50 values were calculated (Table 4) [27,28,38].

We constructed IF-AND rules based on 31 experimental data points and established the rule set accordingly.
Fig. 5 (d) displays the rule set encompassing all 31 data sets utilized in this study.
It has been strengthening that reduction of grain size and hardening may related to increasing of content of nickel (Ni) and carbon (C) during the short tempering process [25].
Response data for heat treatment of zinc joint Trial Temperature (°C) Time (min) H1 (HV) H2 (HV) H3 (HV) Average (HV) Stdev 1 30 1 183.7 187.6 188.1 186.5 2.4 2 45 1 187.3 196.2 198.5 194 5.9 3 60 1 193.9 200.6 199.3 197.9 3.6 4 30 2 195.2 189.2 193.9 192.7 3.2 5 45 2 192.1 200.6 197.2 196.6 4.3 6 60 2 205.3 202.9 200.8 203 2.3 7 30 3 191.1 198.3 198.5 196 4.2 8 45 3 202.9 198.8 203.5 201.7 2.6 9 60 3 207.7 210.2 207.9 208.6 1.4 Fig. 6.
Author contributions Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Walisijiang Tayier (corresponding author).