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It will significantly benefit society, producing major advances in energy, including economic solar cells [3] and high-performance batteries [4]; electronics, with ultrahigh density data storage [5] and single-atom transistors [6]; and food and agriculture, offering smart delivery of nutrients and increased screening for contaminants [7].
For practical reference, a group of detailed data of the porous structure and the mechanical properties were reported.
In addition, they also described the possible mechanisms of nanoparticle-induced exacerbation of cord pathology or enhanced neuroprotection following nanodrug delivery in light of recently available data in this rapidly emerging field of nanoneurosciences.
Still large data gaps exist in human knowledge of the effects of NMs on many other systems.
Gotsmann, The ‘millipede’ - nanotechnology entering data storage, IEEE Trans.

Large p-type molecules [33] and p-type polymers [58-61], used as additives in PSCs, have been developed based on the reduction of the Eg ‎by the chemical tuning of the structure (push–pull effect, side chains, steric hindrance, and/or increasing the conjugation) [64,66-68].
The Lewis acid-base reaction leads either to a redox reaction (reduction or oxidation) or to the formation of an adduct (IP), in which the acid and base linked by a dative bond (shared electron pair from the Lewis base).
Best PCE increase rates for each type of additives according to deposition methods. * Additives types Deposition methods The best PCE increase rate Additives Configuration Ref Semiconductive molecules Anti-solution 26% pyridine Conventional [55] 1-step 10% DR3T Conventional [33] 2-step 40.35%‎ PCBM Inverted [39] Semiconductive polymers Anti-solution 8.95% PBTI Inverted [63] 1-step 19.5% PCDTBT Inverted [60] 2-step - - - - Nonconductive polymers Anti-solution 8% PMMA Conventional [75] 1-step 38% PCL Inverted [77] 2-step 12.1% PVP Conventional [83] Nonconductive molecules 1-step 12.18 PC Conventional [34] * the data in the table 20 are derived from tables 12-19. 3.
Mark, Polymer data handbook, Oxford University Press, Oxford ,1999

In addition, it presents the analysis of medical problems that can be solved using data devices, including work items of thermomechanically treated Ti-Ni SMA.
A morphologic and ultrasonic study of experimental eyes taken after scleroplasty showed the presence of a connective-tissue capsule around the implant, a local impression of the sclera in the area of the plug projection, and a reduction in the axial length of the eyeball.

., hundreds of grams of materials being required, with an exposure time of approximately one minute [62] and the data analysis was time consuming.
Despite this technique having been used extensively in the past, only low reduction spectra (5-10nm) have typically been recorded due to the relatively time consuming data collection and the small signal intensity at high resolution.
Chandra, Impulsive excitation of mechanoluminescence in SrAl2O4:Eu, Dy phosphors prepared by solid state reaction technique in reduction atmosphere, J.

The model was composed of four basic stages: in stage 1 the substrate surface is activated by substrate cratering and a first layer of coating is built up by fracturing the surface oxide layer, in stage 2 the particles deform and realign as a result of successive particle impact, in stage 3 metallic bond is formed which also results in a reduction of porosity and in the final stage the coating is further densified and work hardened.
The porosity in the deposits can contribute to a lower microhardness value and scattering of the data; therefore, microhardness values should be interpreted carefully.
A significant reduction in porosity of the deposit contributed to this high tensile strength value.
The tubular coating tensile strength data was verified using micro flat tensile (MFT) test.

In 1986, Hayashi et al. [32] noticed a remarkable reduction of the driving voltage when a polythiophene - electropolymerized thin film was inserted between an indium–tin–oxide (ITO) anode and a perylene-deposited film.
In recent years great efforts are being made to develop HTLs having the improved thermal and electrochemical stability, mobility, glass transition temperature (Tg) and reduction in the energy barrier interface between the anode and ETL and the crystallization behaviour.
The results related to the comparison of OLEDs fabricated using undoped Alq3 and 33 wt% Liq doped Alq3 as electron transport layer show reduction in turn on voltage from 5 to 2.5V and enhancement of power efficiency from 5.8 to10.6 lm/W at 5V. 13.
Such data gives luminous flux between 10 and 100 lumen for a device area of 100 cm2.
It is to be noted that the performance data published for the technical information generally refer to an operation of the devices at 1,000 cd/m2. 13.2.

The typical positron fluxes obtained are ~105 e+/s hence to allow routine depth profiling the positron annihilation is normally detected using DBS, which is efficient and allows rapid data collection.
Annealing the as-grown BaTiO3/Nb-SrTiO3 structures at either 600 °C or 1050 °C caused a significant reduction in the S-values; the >15 keV substrate S-parameters decreased back to values comparable with the as-received substrates.
It should be noted that these fits excluded data below 2 keV where there is a possible contribution from epithermal positrons.
Schut, and A. van Veen, Analysis of positron beam data by the combined use of the shape- and wing-parameters, J.
Ijpma, Analysis of positron profiling data by means of ‘‘VEPFIT’’ in: Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Slow-Positron Beam Techniques for Solids and Surfaces, P.

.% air the reduction of vg reaches 29%.
Generally operating data show that at least twice the spray rate per unit of energy can be achieved with radial injection versus axial injection.
For more than 20 years, research institutes and institutions have studied relationships between spray process parameters and coating structural characteristics and functional properties using dedicated optical diagnostic sensors permitting to diagnose in-flight particle characteristics (i.e., velocity, temperature, flux, etc.) and correlate these data with previously mentioned parameters [210].
The second one is the Particle Flux Imaging (PFI) methods (Linspray® PFI and PFI-S) that aims at providing on-line relevant data for process monitoring.
Nanostructured WC-Co powder is produced by spray drying an aqueous solution mixture of salts of the constituent elements to develop a homogeneous precursor powder, followed by fluid bed thermochemical conversion (pyrolysis, reduction, and carburization) of that powder to form the desired nano-WC-Co end-product powder.

A model for the lignin structure of beech (Fagus sylvatica) based on 25 phenyl propane units and data from UV, IR, H-NMR, and 13 C-NMR tests /1,15/.
Reason for this may be the good results received with xylitol in the protection of teeth against caries and with sitosterol in the reduction of high cholesterol values in human veins.
The reduction of strength in the microfibril is partially due to the amorphous sections in the microfibril and partially due to the weak van der Waals bonding on the face b-c of the crystalline sections of the microfibril (see Fig. 12).
When these free radicals react with their neighborhood, different kinds of new compounds may be formed resulting in a reduction in the degree of the polymerization of the structure.

The change from sequential to simultaneous phase formation in the presence of an impurity can be interpreted as a reduction of GB diffusion in the different phases due to the impurity GB segregation, leading to a decrease of the critical thickness of the simultaneous/sequential phase formation transition.
This can be due to a reduction of Pd and Ge self-diffusion in PdGe and Pd2Ge because of the presence of the W barrier, reducing the self-diffusion difference between PdGe and Pd2Ge.
Furthermore, thermodynamic data allowing the term DG/kBT in Eq. 3 to be determined show that the difference between the diffusivity measured during growth and the diffusivity measured at equilibrium (diffusion experiments) cannot originate from this term.