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Tensile tests and fatigue tests were performed to evaluate the effect of tightening torque and to obtain the basic experimental data.
Nine M16x40 socket bolts were used on the wheel and sixteen M16x90 hexagon head bolts were used to adhere wheels to reduction gears.
The tightening torque of hexagon bolts that adhered wheels to reduction gears was 235N⋅m, and the axial load caused by the tightening torque on bolts was 76kN.
The reduction of axial load of hexagon bolts occurred due to tightening up the other bolts; therefore the hexagon bolts were tightened last to get the accurate axial load.
Mechanical properties of M16 bolts Grade Yield strength Tensile strength Elongation Reduction of area Hardness F10T 882 MPa 980-1176 MPa < 14 % < 40 % HRC 27-38 Table 3.

There was a very good reduction in CO emissions by 28% in comparison with E20 and 80% in comparison with diesel.
A Biodiesel-ethanol-diesel blend shows significant reduction in pm, tfc.
Fig. 1 shows a setup which consist of test engine coupled with eddy current dynamometer, fuel consumption metering equipment, 5 gas analyzer (AVL type 777) and data acquisition unit (AVL Indicom 1.5).
Fig. 4 bmep Vs CO Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) There was a reduction in the NOx emissions.
This reduction is due to the higher cetane number of the blend containing higher amount of biodiesel.

The presence of nickel in mixed oxides catalyzed the reduction of Co-Al-O spinels.
Table 1: X-ray diffraction data of Ni-Co-Al hydrotalcites The relative dimensions of the cell parameters correspond to the rhombohedral 3R stacking sequence of the hydrotalcite crystals [17].
The first reduction peak with its broad shoulder represents successive reduction of Co3+ and Co2+ from Co3O4 spinel: Co3O4 → CoO →Co0 [24, 25].
The weak and broad peaks at reduction temperature range of 600°C to 750°C correspond to the reduction of Ni and Co (II) from spinel-like phases of CoAl2O4 and NiAl2O4.
The closeness of the reduction peaks in the ternary hydrotalcites indicates that strong interaction exists between Ni and Co species and that Ni acts as a catalyst for reduction of Co-Al-O spinels.

An active noise-canceling casing is very attractive for reduction of sound generated by devices.
However, in this solution, in turn, noise reduction results are worse.
The effects of noise reduction are measured by three additional microphones M1-M3.
x(NN − NK) x(NN − NK + 1) . . . x(NN − 1)      . (6) In the above equations the 0 time instant stands for the beginning of collecting the data, i.e. after convergence of the ANC system.
The acoustic noise reduction for such system is less than 1 dB.

The primary recommendations discussed are: the encouragement of material re-used, the improvement of training activities, and the overall regulation of waste generation data collection.
Data identified that C&D wastes increased by 39% in the US starting from 2007 to the remaining year of 2010.
Mean Wastage (%) of Different Countries Material USA China UK Korea Pakistan Concrete 7.5 2.5 2.5 1.5 4.3 Bricks 3.5 2.0 4.5 3.0 6.8 Woods 16.5 NA 6.0 NA 6.4 Rebar 5.0 5.0 NA NA 4.7 Mortar 3.5 5.0 NA 0.3 6.6 (Self made using data from different sources and studies) The data of the research papers have been presented in Table 1 in order to compare the amount of construction waste produced by the different countries which were over-viewed for this purpose.
Factors and causes of waste Generation in Pakistan (Self made using data from different sources and studies) Conclusion Lack of proper disposal of construction waste in Pakistan is an emerging problem that requires attention.
Chen and Minhas Asim, "Data-Driven Predictive Analysis and Sustainable Management of Concrete Waste in Pakistan," 2024

Survey data is utilized to determine daily optimum charging profile and increase the functionality of EVs.
A case study is performed in the university campus and the simulation is realized in MATLAB/Simulink environment with actual data.
This controller collects several data such as phase voltages and power capacity of substation, power demand of EE building for protecting the power grid any harmful conditions during the charging process by controller.
In this period, EVs can be used as an energy source and peak demand reduction is obtained.
Simulation results and discussion EVs are distributed on three phases of power grid and survey data is processed.

Reductions up to 15% in iron, steels, aluminum, copper and so on have been detected.
The parameter E decreases in the first step of deformation to 193 GPa when iron is deformed aroung 20% reduction and then increases with successive cold working to 212 GPa for 60% reduction.
The experimental data was processed according to the ASTM E-111 standard.
This parameter in solubilized, deformed and aged AA 7075 and AA 2024 were slightly lower (<2% reduction) than those of the undeformed specimens.
The comparison made between simulation and experimental data showed that the accuracy of springback prediction improved significantly by 18% when the variation of Young’s modulus was considered.

The spectral transmittance measurements were used as input data for daylight comparative studies, and the consideration of convenience of selected solar control glasses and foils for windows are summarised on the basis of analysis of optical properties.
The glazed parts of building facades and roofs should satisfy requirements for solar gains for the reduction of energy consumption in buildings, and daylighting for living and working indoor environments [1-3].
Values of visible transmittance τv and reflectance ρv calculated from spectral data (visible spectral range between 380 and 780 nm) were determined in accordance with equations (4) and (5).
This means that the solar control glass protects against glare but it has influence on a high reduction of interior illuminance.
The spectral measurements of optical properties provided the data necessary for evaluation of influence of these solar control transparent materials on daylighting in buildings.

In this part, a sequence of continuous binary signal is converted into N low-speed parallel data streams firstly, and then these data streams are mapped to the preset 16QAM modulation.
After insert pilot sequence, data was transmit to Inverse Fast Fourier Transform module(IFFT) and that sub-carrier modulated data is completed, To reduce ISI, cyclic prefix need sign in each OFDM symbol.
At that part, the original binary data will be obtained by the opposite processing.
We can see that using wrong pilots cannot get original data.
Pilots generated by chaotic sequence at the receiving end can correctly restore the original data after the reduction, and its error rate is controlled in an acceptable range, for error pilot reduces the data’s BER is higher, almost can not get the raw data.So the pilot mapping by using chaotic sequence generated has high confidentiality, while simultaneously restoring the error rate is low.

Then, the collected data were analyzed, categorized and quantified with the twelve equations and the Rule of Three to the number and the percentage values of achievement in a total and in comparison.
Use common bottle-shape for reduction of pre-processing materials and downtime 8.
LCM is most common (42.46%) for the pollution reduction.
Reduction in landfill volume for solid waste management according to squeezed bottles 3.
Pollution Reduction.