Search results

The size of grain is 100 nm.
The grain size was much lager than that deposited at 70 °C.
The crystal grains were larger.
When the number of layers of the films was 15, it was shown in Fig. 4 (c).
When the number of layers is 15, the thickness of the films is 600 nm.

The surface morphology induced by laser annealing of a-Si thin films is found dependent upon the laser fluence and shot number.
The laser energy was found to be distributed non-uniformly resulting in the microstructure with the mixture of larger grains and smaller grains scattered on the film.
Shot number effect.
It can be seen from Fig. 3a that as a-Si films laser irradiated using the repetition rate of 10 Hz and shot number of 50 shots at the fluence of 190 mJ/cm 2 is noted to result in a larger grains by lateral crystallization process due to the increase of the melting duration and the reduction of the vertical solidification velocity.
(3)The increase of shot number to 50-100 shots, at the repetition rate of 10Hz and the laser fluence of 190 mJ/cm 2, is beneficial in producing larger SLG grains.

In this paper, the Mg-Zn alloys with different alloying ratios were prepared, which were Mg-3Zn, Mg-4Zn, Mg-5Zn (the number of Zinc in the front was the percentage of Zinc in the alloy), respectively.
The size of Mg-3Zn grain is small, the grain size of the matrix in the field of view is almost all about 500μm, has good uniformity, the size and distribution of Mg-Zn phase are not uniform, and some grain boundaries have obvious point , Indicating that Mg-Zn phase precipitates on the grain boundary.
Only a small part of the grain boundary can be observed.
The distribution of Mg-Zn phase in the grains is the same as that of Mg-4Zn.
It is also exhibits distribution of different points in the grain.

More recently, the deliberate establishment of a bimodal grain size distribution in these materials (combination of nano- and micron-grained structures) was reported to result in high tensile strength together with reasonable tensile ductility [2,3,4].
Attempts were also made to improve the ductility of the nano-crystallite materials by bimodal grain size distribution [with a controlled fraction of nano and micron grains] in a precipitation hardening 2219 Al alloy.
As expected, the crystallite size decreases and lattice strain increases with milling time reaching about 40nm and 0.3%, respectively, after 30h of milling, which is due to the large number of defects introduced due to severe plastic deformation during milling.
The alloy containing 0% CG (i.e. fully nanostructured) powder exhibited uniform nanocrystalline grains with a few percent of residual coarser grains in contrast.
It can be seen in Table 1 and Fig. 5 that (compressive) ductility increases with increasing coarse grain content where as YS and US decreases with increasing coarse grain content.

Today a number of advanced technologies, such as precision casting technology and deep drawn or rolled materials are becoming popular in the market.
The average grain size was 15 µm.
The grains clearly became finer at the material closer to the die cavity.
Although the average grain size was deceased to 5.6 µm at 40 mm, the microstructure consists of very fine grains and large grains in a manner of the so-called necklace structure.
On the other hand, at the corner the non-recrystallized grains decreased and the recrystallized grains and the region increased.

Fine lath martensite was obtained by the “zero time holding” quenching due to the smaller austenitic crystal grain and the uneven distribution of the carbon concentration in austenitic crystal grain.
Therefore, grains are fine and grain boundary area increases.
Especially when heating temperature at 940℃, the austenitic grains grow up obviously.
Austenitic grains become coarse gradually if grain growth speed V increases.
Microstructure analysis shows that a small number of ferrite exist in the sample quenched 860℃.

Materials and Methods Rice Grain Samples.
There are two groups of rice grain samples including four varieties of milled rice and one type of brown rice.
Acknowledgements This work is partially supported by Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia under project number Q.J13000.7123.00H09.
Prediction of grain weight, brown rice weight and amylase content in single rice grains using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy.
Kauffman, Chapter 6 : Grain Quality, Rice Improvement, P.

The fraction number of high angular boundaries (HAB) is 23%.
The number of HAB is 60%.
However, the low fraction of HAB and high number of coarse grains has being indicated that recrystallization processes is not fully completed in the structure.
The discrepancies of average grain size number in considered rolling by shape mill were Dd =0.1, Dd=0.04 and Dd=0.02 after last rolling stage.
These processes had equilibrium at the number of HAB about 60%.

That Allows MH grain nucleation rate is less than the growth rate, Larger MH grain generated in system.
At this time, the nucleation rate is greater than the growth rate, a large number of fine grain were generated, it lead to the grain reunion in the solution and make the size bigger.
With higher temperature, ion activity increase further, a large number of fine grains were generated in the solution, lead to a serious of particle aggregation occurred.
Speed of NaOH precipitation reaction is quickly, generate a large number of slow growth microcrystalline in short time.
Long carbon chains of SDS easily adsorbed on MH surface, thus prevented the bulky hydrated Mg2+ ions enter grain zone to grow.

With cooling rate decreasing, grain size in normalizing samples increases gradually, and the strength decreases.
With the holding time extending, grain growth is not obvious, and the strength decreases.
During rolling process, original austenite grain is crushed, and during normalizing process, the pearlite grains extends along the grain boundaries and are still strip-liked distribution in the crushed grains.
The reason may be that the carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides pin in sub-grain and grain boundary, which inhibits the grain growth.
According to the homogeneous nucleation theory, smaller grain size is obtained by increasing cooling rate.