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Online since: March 2006
Authors: Dong Ho Bae, Byung Bok Choi
Corrosion Fatigue Characteristics of Artificially Sensitized
Austenitic STS304
Byungbok Choi1,a and Dongho Bae2,b,∗
1 Graduate School, Mechanical Engineering Department, Sungkyunkwan University,300
Chunchun-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Kyunggi-do, 440-746 Korea
Tel.:-82-31-290-7479
2 Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University,
300 Chunchun-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Kyunggi-do, 440-746 Korea
Tel.:-82-31-290-7443, Fax.:-82-31-295-1937
icarus0265@hotmail.com, bae@yurim.skku.ac.kr
Keywords: Sensitization, Austenitic stainless steel, Corrosion, Corrosion fatigue characteristics,
Corrosion fatigue strength
Abstract: Austenitic stainless steel is a useful material for various industrial facilities such as the
nuclear and steam power plant and the heavy chemical industry due to its good corrosion resistance
and mechanical properties.
However, it has also a large problem that austenitic stainless steel is sensitized in the welding process and its corrosion resistance and mechanical properties decreases by sensitization.
Chemical composition and mechanical properties of specimen tested are illustrated in Tables 1 and 2, respectively [4].
Table 1 Chemical composition and mechanical properties of STS304 Fig. 1 Configuration of smooth specimen for corrosion fatigue test Fig. 2 Horizontal type corrosion fatigue tester Fig. 3 Configuration of grip and cell for corrosion fatigue test C Mn Si Cr Ni P S Yield strength (MPa) Tensile strength (MPa) Elongation (%) 0.08 2.0 1.0 18.0-20.0 8.0-10.5 0.05 0.03 314 654 30 Test Condition and Procedure.
That is, affecting factor to failure by corrosion fatigue at high load range was predicted as external force rather than influence of electrochemical corrosion reaction, on the contrary, at low load range, influence of corrosion besides external force was concerned.
However, it has also a large problem that austenitic stainless steel is sensitized in the welding process and its corrosion resistance and mechanical properties decreases by sensitization.
Chemical composition and mechanical properties of specimen tested are illustrated in Tables 1 and 2, respectively [4].
Table 1 Chemical composition and mechanical properties of STS304 Fig. 1 Configuration of smooth specimen for corrosion fatigue test Fig. 2 Horizontal type corrosion fatigue tester Fig. 3 Configuration of grip and cell for corrosion fatigue test C Mn Si Cr Ni P S Yield strength (MPa) Tensile strength (MPa) Elongation (%) 0.08 2.0 1.0 18.0-20.0 8.0-10.5 0.05 0.03 314 654 30 Test Condition and Procedure.
That is, affecting factor to failure by corrosion fatigue at high load range was predicted as external force rather than influence of electrochemical corrosion reaction, on the contrary, at low load range, influence of corrosion besides external force was concerned.
Online since: January 2016
Authors: Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah, Kamarudin Hussin, Mohammed Binhussain, Shamala Ramasamy, Andrei Victor Sandhu
Kaolin based geopolymer has been proven to acquire remarkable thermal resistance, chemical resistance, and mechanical properties.
However, if we are able to produce geopolymer using kaolin with greater or equivalent mechanical properties with metakaolin, that will be a breakthrough.
References [1] Wang, Li and Yan (2005).Synthesis and mechanical properties of metakaolinite-based geopolymer.
Factor affecting early compressive strength of alkali activated fly ash (OPC-free) concrete.
Correlating mechanical and thermal properties of sodium silicate-fly ash geopolymers.
However, if we are able to produce geopolymer using kaolin with greater or equivalent mechanical properties with metakaolin, that will be a breakthrough.
References [1] Wang, Li and Yan (2005).Synthesis and mechanical properties of metakaolinite-based geopolymer.
Factor affecting early compressive strength of alkali activated fly ash (OPC-free) concrete.
Correlating mechanical and thermal properties of sodium silicate-fly ash geopolymers.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Shao Qing Niu, Shuang Suo Yang
When the object has the shape feature of film or sheet the, the tensile stress generated inside will determine whether there will be damage zone; Object with the thick plate shape feature, the determinate factor would be the pressure stress and shear stress.
α b M t3 t1 t4 t2 t5 2 1 3 4 B Fig.1 geometrical factors of bolt support that two sides is thick anchorage plate Method of Quantitatively Determining the Anchorage Support Parameters Anchoring parameters include: anchorage strength (anchoring force distributed in the unit area of the two sides surfac), bolt row-to-row distance, bolt length and depth, etc.
Bolt row-to-row distance calculation The row-to-row distance is calculated according to anchoring strength and the mechanical properties of the selected bolt.
Bolt length calculation The length of bolt includes: the anchorage section, the thickness of the bolt head that affected non-overlapped area, the thickness of bolt structure, the thickness of bolt end that affected non-overlapped area, the length of exposed bolt.
The influence of bolt action force to the mechanical property of rocks, Rock and Soil Mechanics Vol. 24 (2003), p. 376-381, in Chinese
α b M t3 t1 t4 t2 t5 2 1 3 4 B Fig.1 geometrical factors of bolt support that two sides is thick anchorage plate Method of Quantitatively Determining the Anchorage Support Parameters Anchoring parameters include: anchorage strength (anchoring force distributed in the unit area of the two sides surfac), bolt row-to-row distance, bolt length and depth, etc.
Bolt row-to-row distance calculation The row-to-row distance is calculated according to anchoring strength and the mechanical properties of the selected bolt.
Bolt length calculation The length of bolt includes: the anchorage section, the thickness of the bolt head that affected non-overlapped area, the thickness of bolt structure, the thickness of bolt end that affected non-overlapped area, the length of exposed bolt.
The influence of bolt action force to the mechanical property of rocks, Rock and Soil Mechanics Vol. 24 (2003), p. 376-381, in Chinese
Online since: March 2011
Authors: Lan Xia Zheng, Xiu Chi Hu, Yang Yuan, Meng Lian
After harvest, whether or not the cane head is intact greatly affect the germination rate for the coming year [2].
Mechanical cutting to Sugarcane will lead to variety of damage forms, for this reason domestic and foreign scholars have researched on these.
This unit with the capability of plastic deformation, creep, large deflection and large strain matches the material properties of sugarcane.
So let the second cutting force, uniformly, act on the cross section which radius is cutting dept, and the uniform force, F was obtained according to the cutting force formula[6] and the optimal combination of factors[7].
The single-disc Basecutter Mechanism of Sugarcane Harvester[D], Guang Zhou, South China Agricultural University,2005 [4] Lv Yong, Simulant Kinematics Analysis and Mechanism Study on the Affecting Factors of Rate OF Broken Biennial Root of Single Base Cutter of Sugarcane Harvester[D],Nan Ning,Guang Xi University,2007 [5] Hong Qingzhang, Liu Qingji and Guo Jianyuan, Teaching Example of ANSYS7.0[M], China Railway Publishing House,2003,7 [6] Song Rongrong,Li Shangping and Sun Xiuhua,Experime ntal Research on Influence Factor of Cutting-force of Sugarcane Harvest Machine[J], Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research,2006, 7(7):128-132 [7] Wang Ruigui, Optimization Study on Working Parameters of Sugarcane Harvester Discal Cutter[D], Nan Ning, Guang Xi University,2004 [8] Liu Hongwen, Materials Mechanics[M], Higher Education Press,1991 [9] National Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, High yield and sugar cane cultivation Technical Manual[M], China Agricultural Science and Technology
Mechanical cutting to Sugarcane will lead to variety of damage forms, for this reason domestic and foreign scholars have researched on these.
This unit with the capability of plastic deformation, creep, large deflection and large strain matches the material properties of sugarcane.
So let the second cutting force, uniformly, act on the cross section which radius is cutting dept, and the uniform force, F was obtained according to the cutting force formula[6] and the optimal combination of factors[7].
The single-disc Basecutter Mechanism of Sugarcane Harvester[D], Guang Zhou, South China Agricultural University,2005 [4] Lv Yong, Simulant Kinematics Analysis and Mechanism Study on the Affecting Factors of Rate OF Broken Biennial Root of Single Base Cutter of Sugarcane Harvester[D],Nan Ning,Guang Xi University,2007 [5] Hong Qingzhang, Liu Qingji and Guo Jianyuan, Teaching Example of ANSYS7.0[M], China Railway Publishing House,2003,7 [6] Song Rongrong,Li Shangping and Sun Xiuhua,Experime ntal Research on Influence Factor of Cutting-force of Sugarcane Harvest Machine[J], Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research,2006, 7(7):128-132 [7] Wang Ruigui, Optimization Study on Working Parameters of Sugarcane Harvester Discal Cutter[D], Nan Ning, Guang Xi University,2004 [8] Liu Hongwen, Materials Mechanics[M], Higher Education Press,1991 [9] National Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, High yield and sugar cane cultivation Technical Manual[M], China Agricultural Science and Technology
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Lenka Mizerová, Radim Smolka, Lubor Kalousek
The paper deals with physico-mechanical properties of the threshold coupling made of secondary raw materials, which could be used not only at newly built houses, but also at the rehabilitation and reconstruction work of existing buildings.
It consists of at least two boards of recycled polymer and allows variable connection of waterproof membrane and also variable height setting for different heights of detail, based on various thicknesses of the existing floor and other local factors.
Physical properties were measured by using a contact sensor.
The thermal conductivity coefficient of polymer materials is affected by their basic properties, which are the ratio of polymer to the added admixture, etc.
Duchacek, Polymers – production, properties, processing, applications, Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague (2006) p. 274
It consists of at least two boards of recycled polymer and allows variable connection of waterproof membrane and also variable height setting for different heights of detail, based on various thicknesses of the existing floor and other local factors.
Physical properties were measured by using a contact sensor.
The thermal conductivity coefficient of polymer materials is affected by their basic properties, which are the ratio of polymer to the added admixture, etc.
Duchacek, Polymers – production, properties, processing, applications, Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague (2006) p. 274
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Xing Zhi Xiao, Song Dong, Kan Zheng
Dental zirconia ceramics have been widely used in dental restorations due to their superior aesthetical and mechanical properties.
Therefore, a better surface quality will be achieved with the combination of lower spindle speed, cutting depth and feedrate. 1 Introduction Because of their superior aesthetical and mechanical properties, dental zirconia ceramics have been widely used in dental restorations for implants, bridges and crowns [1-3].
Compound Approximate [%] zirconia ceramics <96 yttria >4 hafnia >1 alumina <1 silica <0.02 Table 2 Mechanical properties of sintered dental zirconia ceramics.
Table 1 shows the composition of the sintered dental zirconia ceramics workpiece material and the mechanical properties are listed in Table 2. 2.2 Design of Experiments.
When the spindle speed is 4500 r/min, the interaction between adjacent abrasive particles is the predominant factor which affects the surface roughness.
Therefore, a better surface quality will be achieved with the combination of lower spindle speed, cutting depth and feedrate. 1 Introduction Because of their superior aesthetical and mechanical properties, dental zirconia ceramics have been widely used in dental restorations for implants, bridges and crowns [1-3].
Compound Approximate [%] zirconia ceramics <96 yttria >4 hafnia >1 alumina <1 silica <0.02 Table 2 Mechanical properties of sintered dental zirconia ceramics.
Table 1 shows the composition of the sintered dental zirconia ceramics workpiece material and the mechanical properties are listed in Table 2. 2.2 Design of Experiments.
When the spindle speed is 4500 r/min, the interaction between adjacent abrasive particles is the predominant factor which affects the surface roughness.
Online since: September 2020
Authors: Oksana Sadova, Inna Boiarska, Petro Savchuk, Vitalii Kashytskyi, Victoria Malets
The main reasons for their widespread use are the provision of high rates of adhesion, mechanical and electrical insulation properties, moisture resistance and heat resistance.
Modification of the structure is associated with the formation of supramolecular formations, whose morphological characteristics depend on the conditions of structure formation and can be varied within wide enough limits, which affects the mechanical properties of polymers.
In this regard, the importance of scientific and practical importance is the study of the processes of structure formation and the study of the influence of heat treatment on the physical and mechanical properties of polymers, taking into account the scale factor [7].
Structuring large epoxy polymer products may cause structural defects that result from insufficient chemical bonding and result in a polymer with low mechanical properties.
Fang, 2018, Investigation on the mechanical properties of epoxy resin with void defects using digital image correlation and image-based finite element method, Polymer Testing 72: 223-231
Modification of the structure is associated with the formation of supramolecular formations, whose morphological characteristics depend on the conditions of structure formation and can be varied within wide enough limits, which affects the mechanical properties of polymers.
In this regard, the importance of scientific and practical importance is the study of the processes of structure formation and the study of the influence of heat treatment on the physical and mechanical properties of polymers, taking into account the scale factor [7].
Structuring large epoxy polymer products may cause structural defects that result from insufficient chemical bonding and result in a polymer with low mechanical properties.
Fang, 2018, Investigation on the mechanical properties of epoxy resin with void defects using digital image correlation and image-based finite element method, Polymer Testing 72: 223-231
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Wen Lu Shi, Hong Gang Shi, Li Jun Zhu, Zhen Ming Wang, Kai Wen Tian, Chao Yang
The results show that the effect of mechanical properties of matrix on composite should be taken into consideration in designing composite.
Unlike the homogenous material, such as W alloy, the composite consists of W fiber and bulk metallic glass matrix, so the interaction between them exists under load, which will somewhat affect the composite properties.
As for the composite used for penetrator, the properties’ response to dynamic loading at high strain rate is also the important factor to be considered.
The Cu alloy, Cu-based bulk metallic glass, Ti-based bulk metallic glass, Zr-based bulk metallic glass, etc. were once chosen as matrix materials due to their high glass-forming ability, mechanical properties, especially dynamic properties.
Fig.3 and Fig.4 are mechanical properties curve for bulk metallic glass matrix and W fiber, which were obtained by dynamic compression test, and was simplified for establishing calculation model.
Unlike the homogenous material, such as W alloy, the composite consists of W fiber and bulk metallic glass matrix, so the interaction between them exists under load, which will somewhat affect the composite properties.
As for the composite used for penetrator, the properties’ response to dynamic loading at high strain rate is also the important factor to be considered.
The Cu alloy, Cu-based bulk metallic glass, Ti-based bulk metallic glass, Zr-based bulk metallic glass, etc. were once chosen as matrix materials due to their high glass-forming ability, mechanical properties, especially dynamic properties.
Fig.3 and Fig.4 are mechanical properties curve for bulk metallic glass matrix and W fiber, which were obtained by dynamic compression test, and was simplified for establishing calculation model.
Online since: July 2021
Authors: Konstantin G. Pugin
It has been experimentally proven that the use of waste foundry sand in the composition of asphalt concrete can improve its physical and mechanical properties.
Several key factors can be identified that affect the use of waste in the road construction industry.
These factors include the homogeneity of the grain and chemical composition, the volume of formation and accumulation and their availability, and environmental safety for humans and the environment.
It was found that the asphalt concrete samples with WFS have higher physical and mechanical properties in comparison with the samples made on natural and quartz sand.
The laboratory tests of asphalt concrete with WFS showed high physical and mechanical properties.
Several key factors can be identified that affect the use of waste in the road construction industry.
These factors include the homogeneity of the grain and chemical composition, the volume of formation and accumulation and their availability, and environmental safety for humans and the environment.
It was found that the asphalt concrete samples with WFS have higher physical and mechanical properties in comparison with the samples made on natural and quartz sand.
The laboratory tests of asphalt concrete with WFS showed high physical and mechanical properties.
Online since: March 2012
Authors: Xin Hua Ji, Xiao Chuan Zhang, Ri Cao Wang
Their mechanical properties attract attentions from professional visitors and researchers.
It is a difficult work to test the mechanical properties as the paper pulps are thin, anisotropic and sometimes wet.
From the displacement field strain distributions were obtained and the mechanical properties of the paper pulp compression molding material were evaluated.
Though many experiments have been carried out, none of them came down to the mechanical property [3,4].
Mechanical properties analysis for the paper pulp compression molding material by DIFC method Experiment.
It is a difficult work to test the mechanical properties as the paper pulps are thin, anisotropic and sometimes wet.
From the displacement field strain distributions were obtained and the mechanical properties of the paper pulp compression molding material were evaluated.
Though many experiments have been carried out, none of them came down to the mechanical property [3,4].
Mechanical properties analysis for the paper pulp compression molding material by DIFC method Experiment.