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The concrete and the bond between the concrete and the reinforcement consider as the heterogeneous materials and the constitutive model with residual strength after elastic damages and the failed elements are treated with reduced properties.
The material properties for the concrete and reinforcement follow the design material properties use for the reference [8].
The National Basic Research Program of China (2013CB227903); Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51074042, 51174208).
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 22(2003), p. 24–29.
Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering.

Introduction Quantum information science is the integration of quantum physics and information science.
Li: International Journal of Modern Physics C, 14(6), 2003, pp.757-763
Choi: Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, 20, 2008, pp.275242
Mataloni: International Journal of Laser Physics, 15(1), 2005, pp.124-128
Zhang, Advanced Research on Industry, Information System and Material Engineering, 204-210, 1274-1278.

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF GRADED POROUS TI-TIO2 MULTIFUNCTIONAL COMPOSITES OBTAINED BY DIFFERENT PROCESSING METHODS Sofiane Bouazza, Elke Fuchs, Andreas Rosin and Monika Willert-Porada Chair of Materials Processing, Faculty of Applied Natural Sciences, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany In memory of the late Prof.
ABSTRACT Functionally graded materials for load bearing implants have a long history of academic development and an already high degree of maturity.
The goal is to establish a multifunctionality in such materials by formation of a morphological and compositional gradient spanning many dimensions.
Miyamoto, Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, 1997, page 1-8
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, 2007

Considering the distance of medical institutions and material storage, to escape from  fire by primary walking and secondary motorized transport, the appropriate distance is within 3km and in 1 hour by walking.
Acknowledgments The authors gratefully acknowledge the fund provided by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No.2011BAK07B01-04 and No.2013BAJ10B09-2) & Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China (No.E2013209262) & Tangshan Science and Technology Bureau Project (No.12140208A-4 and No.12140208A-13), Hebei United University Youth Fund Project (Z201221) for the work presented in this paper.
References [1] SU You-po, LIU Rui-xing, Planning Principles and Outlines of Urban Earthquake Shelters, Journal of Catastrophology. 19(2004)87-91.
Introduction to Geographic Information System, Science Press, Beijing,1999.
(in Chinese) [5] Chen Shu-peng, Chen Qiu-xiao, Zhou Cheng-hu, Grid mapping and grid computing, Science of Surveying and Mapping, 27(2002)1-6.

It utilizes arc as the heat source to melt the cladding materials and a limited portion of the substrate to form a hard coating.
G.: The Microstructure and Wear Properties of Laser-Clad WC-Cr3C2 Cermet Coating on Steel Substrate, Materials Transactions, 2011, 52 (3), pp. 560-563 [16] Anal, A.; Bandyopadhyay, T.
K.; Das, K.: Synthesis and characterization of TiB2-reinforced iron-based composites, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2006, 172 (1), pp. 70-76 [17] Du, B.
Y.: In situ synthesis of TiB2/Fe composite coating by laser cladding, Materials Letters, 2008, 62 (4-5), pp. 689-691 [18] Liu, S.; Zhang, W.
H.: Simple model of interfacial bonding strength in detachment of reinforcing phase from clad layer during run-in process, Materials & Design, 2009, 30 (9), pp. 3388-3394 [20] Lin, Y.

PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210007, Jiangsu, China 2.
The energy absorption behavior of materials and structures plays a key function for the safety after the structure is clashed [1], and the energy absorption device is widely applied in such fields as aviation, automobile, ocean platform, expressway guardrail and protective project.
The material of the steel tube is Q235 steel.
Energy absorption of structures and materials [M], chemical industry press (2005) [2] Yu Tong-xi.
Journal of Chongqing University (Natural science edition), 2010, 33(7): 68-73

Advanced Science Letters , Vol.13 (2012) pp. 620 - 623
Applied Mechanics and Materials, vols. 479-480 (2014) pp. 1144-1148
Advanced Science Letters, Vol. 15 (2012) pp. 5 - 8
Journal of Vibroengineering, 14:3 (2012) pp. 1104-1112
Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 130:1 (2004) pp. 78-94

Kiet Tieu 1,b, Cheng Lu1,c, Giovanni D'Alessio2,b 1 School of Mechanical Materials & Mechatronic Engineering, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia 2 Blue Scope Steel, Port Kembla, NSW 2505, Australia a hr84@uow.edu.au, bktieu@uow.edu.au, cchenglu@uow.edu.au Keywords: Cold rolling, 3D slab method, Edge Drop, Profile.
In this paper, it is also assumed that the material flows are independent on both the longitudinal and transverse directions.
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. 633-648, 38(1996)
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. 649-660, 38(1996)
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Acknowledgements The accomplishment of this paper is supported by the Science and Technology Research Project of Anhui Province( NO.12010402105),Natural Science Foundation for Youths of Anhui Province(NO.1208085QE94),Universities Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province (NO.KJ2012B008).
Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45（11）:363～368 [4] Wei Zhengying Wu Songpo Liu Xia Tang.
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2008，44(11):248-254 [8] OKTEM H, ERZURUMLU T, UZMAN I.
Materials and Design, 2007, 28:1271-1278
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2011,47（6）:27～32

The JH model considers the material to be linear elastic before reaching a prescribed failure criterion.
D (3) is an index describing the material damage in the range of 0–1.When D=1 it denotes the initial failure surface [6].
International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences 2007, 44:238–246
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts.1975, 12(4):93-99
Rock Excavation by Disc Cutter [J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 1975, 12(12):7-20