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Comparison of Material Flow Stress Models Toward More Realistic Simulations of Friction Stir Processes of Mg AZ31B Ali.
Much of the reported values of FE simulations were produced after tuning the tool/workpiece interface boundary conditions to produce temperature profiles that match those experimentally measured.
FE MODEL SIMULATION RESULTS DEFORM 3D was utilized for developing the FE model used in running the FSP simulations.
For each of the constitutive relations, the reference test-case simulation was run at what was found [12] to be optimum process parameters for the model’s tool geometry: 1000 RPM and 90 mm/min.
S., Modeling the Effects of Coolant Application in Friction Stir Processing on Material Microstructure Using 3D CFD Analysis, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 21.7 (2012) 1141-1150

Numerical simulations, performed using Ansys FLUENT® software, promote the description of the multiphase flow.
Fig. 10 show the mesh built into the software (ANSYS ICEM® CFD).
This allows, with a range of numerically applicable idealization, to use the coarser mesh in all simulations.
Karimian, Modeling and simulation approaches in the resin transfer molding process: A review, Polym.
Oliveira, Applying CFD in manufacturing of polymer composite reinforced with shape memory alloy via resin transfer molding process, Int.

Production practice and CFD simulation results show that (see Fig. 3), the dust-containing gas occurs vortex in the gas chamber after enters from the below of the baffle.
A big vortex vertical the view direction is eliminated after the baffle set according to the Fluent simulation results.

The simulation is conducted by the software Fluent with three-dimensional, pressure-based, steady flow and standard k-ε model, and the residual of simulation is 0.0001.
Results and Discussion Considering the important parameters ( Vscan, h, Pin ), the numerical caculation of three-dimensional CFD model is conducted to obtain the flow characteristics of immersion liquid.

In the simulation process, the steam was regarded as the continuity phase, solving with Euler method.
Flow Field Simulation.Numerical prediction for the flow field(the continuity steam phase)was carried out with commercial code Fluent.
Particle Transport Model.Nowadays, CFD code (Fluent) allows the users to calculate the particle trajectories using the Lagrange method．When a discrete particle travels in a continuous fluid medium，many forces acting on the particle are considered.
The outlet was the boundary where the particles escaped from the simulation domain.
The analysis of simulation result The analysis of flow fluid.

With the rapid development of the numerical solution technology, computer-aided design of the screw and computer simulation and optimization progressed swiftly.
In this paper, the CFD software POLYFLOW based on the finite element method to particularly simulate the flow of the viscoelastic material.
This simulation was to change the structural parameters of the homogenous section (flight width and channel depth) to optimize the structure of the screw for PC.
Table 1 showed the main parameters for simulation of the screw.
Simulation revealed that lower average shear rate and smaller fluctuation rate were gained with more deep channel of the screw.

Kosinski and Christian [2] worked on how simulation of driven flow of an incompressible fluid in a cavity.
Fudhail, Azwadi, Rody, Zahir, and Musthafah[6] did Numerical Simulations of Shear Driven Square and Triangular Cavity by Using Lattice Boltzmann Scheme.
Meanwhile the geometry is both simple and preferable for numerical 2D simulation.
Simulation: After applying three value of Aspect ratios() and running simulation according to variation of Reynolds number we may observe how close would be the results to the bench mark results published by Gia[1].
Zhang, Numerical simulation of 2D square driven cavity using fourth-order compact finite difference schemes, Computers and Mathematics with Applications 45 (2003) 43-52

A comparison of the numerical results with the experimental data indicates that the 2D simulation has excellent agreement with literature.
In simulation of flow past two tandem circular cylinders, the input flow of the second cylinder is non-uniform in the middle of the cross section.
Numerical approach of the CFD code is presented in section 3.
Fig. 2 shows the C-type grids used for numerical simulation.
In this simulation, a rectangular domain was used to simulate the flow around a stationary circular cylinder as shown in Fig. 1.

(10) The analytical estimate was compared with numerical simulation in Ansys Fluent.
Table 1: Comparison of the analytical estimate with numerical simulation in Fluent F [N] Δd Fluent -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0 2000 1777 1599 1452 1331 ΔL 0.2 2007 1780 1599 1451 1328 0.4 2032 1788 1598 1446 1321 Theory -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0 2000 1778 1600 1455 1333 ΔL 0.2 2009 1781 1600 1453 1331 0.4 2039 1791 1600 1448 1323 Application to rectangular pocket.
(17) The analytical estimate was compared with numerical simulation in Ansys Fluent.
Table 2: Comparison of the analytical estimate with numerical simulation in Fluent.
Analytical estimate CFD simulation H0[m] ΔR κ0 Fland [N] M [N m] Q [ kg s-1] Fland [N] M [N m] Q kg s-1 5,00E-05 0.5 7.06E-04 13742 -39.7 9.29E-02 13743 -46.0 9.40E-02 1.00E-04 0.5 1.13E-02 13495 -90.9 7.23E-01 13384 -118.0 7.20E-01 1.50E-04 0.5 5.71E-02 12515 -312.3 2.15E+00 12343 -309 2.11E+00 5.00E-05 0.25 7.05E-04 13709 -17.5 7.31E-02 13698 -19.3 7.40E-02 1.00E-04 0.25 1.13E-02 13539 -40.0 5.76E-01 13450 -53.0 5.80E-01 1.50E-04 0.25 5.72E-02 12827 -137.8 1.81E+00 12579 -157.0 1.81E+00 5.00E-05 0.125 7.04E-04 13701 -8.4 6.81E-02 13689 -9.3 6.90E-02 1.00E-04 0.125 1.13E-02 13551 -19.3 5.39E-01 13470 -26.0 5.44E-01 1.50E-04 0.125 5.72E-02 12906 -66.6 1.73E+00 12654 -78.0 1.73E+00 The influence of the HS pocket tilt on the hydraulic resistance of a general HS pocket with a rectangular shape is illustrated in Fig. 1 on the left.

The simulation is carried with wall temperature, 359K, pressure at 0.597bar, wall superheated temperature,10K.
Khinast[4] using a two-dimensional CFD-reaction model to study two bubble types which are circular bubble with closed wake and elliptical bubble with an unsteady, respectively.
To accelerate the simulation, the initial temperature inside the tube is set to 373.11°K, pressure is 101325 Pa.
This simulation boiling behavior is consistent with the result of [7,8].
Groll, ”Dynamics and shape of bubbles on heating surfaces: A simulation study,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 49 (2006) 1115–1128