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Costanza et al. [2, 3] classified the global biosphere into 16 ecosystems and 17 service functions, and then estimated the ecosystem services value of each, but their results have been severely criticized by many researchers [4, 5, 6] due to the underestimation on ecosystem services value of farmland and the overestimation on ecosystem services value of wetland, and so on.
In China, Xie et al. [7] improved the valuation method of ecosystem services value mainly included the merging of some ecosystem service functions suggested by Costanza et al. [2, 3] and extraction the equivalent weighting factors for ecosystem services per hectare for terrestrial ecosystems in China.
The method has been widely used in the other areas, and it has high precision, for example: Li et al[9] calculated the VFC in Miyun by this method, the measured value and estimated value of the correlation coefficient of 99%.
Chen et al [11]has verified the method that it has higher accuracy
[4] Serafy, S.El., 1998.

Khoza et al. synthesized ZnO nanoparticles via the microwave method, using acetone, ethanol, and deionized water.
Rahimi et al. and Lavand et al. improved the optical properties of ZnO by doping with various transition metals, producing nanostructures that were suitable for photocatalysis[11,12].
[18] W.E.Mahmoud, A.Al-Ghamdi, F.
El-Tantawy, S.
Al-Heniti, J.

Chemical composition (%) of aluminum alloy, type AA6016-T4 Mg Si Fe Cu Cr Ti Mn Zn Others Al 0.25-0.6 1.0-1.5 0.5 0.2 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.20 £0.15 Balanced Table 2.
Chemical composition (%) of copper-zinc alloy, type CuZn37 Cu Ni Cu Fe Sn Al Others Zn 62-65 0.25 £1 £0.1 £0.1 0.05 £0.1 Balanced Alloy 4043 is one of the oldest and most widely used for filler metal brazing alloys.
Chemical composition (%) of 4043 alloy Si Fe Cu Fe Mg Zn Ti Be Others Al 4.5-6 0.8 0.3 £0.1 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.0003 £0.1 Balanced Drawing Part.
Brinkman, Crystal-plasticity simulation of the correlation of microtexture and roping in AA 6xxx Al–Mg–Si sheet alloys for automotive applications, Acta Materialia. 60 (2012) 5217–5232
El-Magd, Behaviour of Cu-Zn alloys in high speed shear tests and in chip formation processes, Materials Science and Engineering.

Introduction Bulk amorphous alloys with a wide supercooled liquid region in a number of alloy systems, including Mg-TM-Ln, Ln-Al-TM, (Zr, Hf)-Al-TM (TM = Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) and Zr-Al-Cu-Ni, has been prepared successfully by Inoue and his coworkers [1-3].
Inoue et al. [16] suggested that large atomic size ratios, attractive bonding nature between the constituent elements, and the difficulty of redistributing these elements for crystallization are dominant factors for the increase in glass-forming ability and the appearance of a wide supercooled liquid region.
El-Eskandarany, K.

Huang Lei et al [12] fabricated a series of Bi2O3 by hydrothermal method and studied the application of photocatalytic.
Fan Qin et al [13] have fabricated Bi2O3 and (BiO)2CO3 nanotubes and studied its water treatment abilities.
Xu Zhao et al [14] reported Bi2O3/TiO2 to be efficient to photocatalytic degradation under visible light irradiation.
Zheng Yu et al have reported a facile solvothermal synthesis of porous Bi2O3 microsphere and their photocatalytic performance under visible light.
El-Amin, Int.

Zinc sulfide nanoparticles doped with manganese has been the most efficient electroluminescent (EL) phosphor material over the years and has been extensively studied for their enhanced quantum efficiency, increased luminescence intensity and shortened life time [6-8].
Both the samples exhibit three diffraction peaks corresponding to the (1 1 1), (2 2 0) and (3 1 1) reflection planes of cubic Zinc blende structure, consistent with that reported by Nagalingam Saravanan et.al [22] and standard card (JCPDS no. 79-0043).
Similar results have been reported by Qi Xiao et al [24] and G.
Murugadoss et al [25].
Sooklal et al. [27] found that Mn2+ incorporated into the ZnS lattice led to the Mn2+ based orange emission while ZnS with surface-bound Mn2+ yielded the ultraviolet emission.

Affected by the unstable structures, difluoroamino compounds have not been practically use until 1980th, while Chapman et al [2] found the similar cyclic structure with cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) or cyclotetramethylenetetranitroamine (HMX) to keep difluoroamino group stable.
The elemental CHN analysis was performed on a Elementar Vario EL III instrument, while elemental F analysis was measured in a Metrohm 905 Titrando.
Sun, et al, Tetrahedron Lett. 42 (2001) 2621-2623
Olah, et al, Chem.
Boatz, et al, Angew.

Reddy, Development in the processing and properties of particulate Al-Si Composites, J.
Abdulwahed, Some mechanical properties of metal-nonmetal Al-SiO2 particulate Composites, J.
[11] Pio, L.Y., Sulaiman, S., Hamouda, A.M. and Ahmad, M.M.H.M, Grain refinement of LM6 Al-Si alloy sand castings to enhance mechanical properties.
[16] El-Amoush, A.S, Effect of aluminium content on mechanical properties of hydrogenated Mg-Al magnesium alloys.

., et al.
[6] Schneider,k., Chen-Ching Liu, McGinnis,T., et al.
[7] Person, R., Beranzoli, L., Berndt, C, el al.
[8] Kojima,J, Howe,BM., Asakawa,K., et al.

Thipprakmas et al. [8] investigated process parameters such as bending angle, material thickness and punch using finite element method (FEM), in association with the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Taguchi techniques in V-bending test process.
Ján Slota et al. [9] used a modern measurement method performed in MATLAB and numerical simulation of air bending process in explicit and implicit finite element method (FEM) Pam - Stamp.
Peng et al. [10] conducted studied on simulation prediction spingback from the three constitutive models are compared with experiment with the Yoshida-Uemori, the 3-parameter Barlat and transversely anisotropic elasto-plastic model.
Abd.aziz Alghtani et al. [11] was conducted simulation analysis of the springback in U-bending using the Yoshida model in LS-DYNA.
El-Mokaddem: Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, vol. 38 (2010) p. 8-12