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Experimental Techniques The material under investigation is mild steel, sourced from the TREFISSOUD Company (TC) located in El-Eulma, Sétif.
Element C Si Mn Cu Cr Ni Al N Fe ( %) 0.097 0.20 0.34 0.046 0.043 0.021 0.015 0.019 9.1 Element P S Ti Pb Sn As Bi Sb (%) 0.006 0.003 0.001 0.002 0.004 0.009 0.002 0.007 Table 2.
El Maalam, Comparative study of electrodeposited and hot-dip zinc coatings, J.

PEFCHP,el =αel∙PEFinput (3) PEFCHP,th =αth∙PEFinput (4) Carbon Dioxide Emissions.
εCO2,CHP,el =αel∙εCO2,input (6) εCO2,CHP,th =αth∙εCO2,input (7) Allocation Factor.
Dessau-Roßlau, Juli 2014 [2] Regulation (EU) No 517/2014 of the European parliament and of the council on fluorinated greenhouse gases and repealing Regulation (EC) No 842/2006 [3] IINAS GmbH – Internationales Institut für Nachhaltigkeitsanalysen und -strategien, GEMIS 4.95, Darmstadt, Germany [4] Mauch, W. et.al.: Allokationsmethoden für spezifische CO2-Emissionen von Strom und Wärme aus KWK-Anlagen.

El-Sayed, H.
Al-Durra, and E.
El-Saadany, "Power system resilience against climatic faults: An optimized self-healing approach using conservative voltage reduction," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 155, p. 109519, 2024

Various Pb replacements have been investigated, including; In, Sb, Ag, Bi, Zn, Cd, Al, as the alloying element to the Sn, and most of them tend to provide better mechanical properties [4].
[12] El-Daly, A.A.; Elmosalami, T.A.; Desoky, W.M.; El-Shaarawy, M.G.; Abdraboh, A.M, (2014) Tensile deformation behavior and melting property of nano-sized ZnO particles reinforced Sn–3.0Ag–0.5Cu lead-free solder.Mater.

The study area includes Kaili,south-east of Guizhou  province, and Huangping county area, the Middle Permian Liangshan formation (P2l), Qixia group and Mao El group (P2q—m) which strata is widely developed . 
Tab.1 Classification of sedimentary facies Table 2 Vertical Characteristic of aluminiferous in Kaili-Huangping area  shale series in Kaili-Huangping area Fig. 1 Geological map of Kaili-Huangping area 1- limestone of Middle Permian Qixia-Maokou Formation 2-Al-rich rock series of Middle Permian Liangshan Formation 3 imestone of Lower Carboniferous  Baizuo formation4- The upper Devonian dolomite 5- The Silurian Weng group of quartz sandstone and claystone 6- Lower Ordovician limestone and dolomite 7- Cambrian dolomite 8-  reverse fault  9- normal fault 10- Syncline Typical, we do NNW NNE Nee and NE, four combined profile  [Figure 2, figure 3].
The bauxite metallogenic and paleogeography framework of study area According to the research of Wu Guohui et al. (2006), during the Silurian to Devonian, Kaili-Huangping was in the coastal environment, deposited ofterrigenous clastic and carbonates material.
Ca, Mg, Si and alkali metal in the rock leaching got loss under the laterization, meanwhile Al, Fe, Ti and other inert component was relatively enrichment.
With the deepening of the process of laterization, gradually formed a CA-Al-rich Laterite weathering crust; prepared the ore-forming material for forming area is rich iron ore and bauxite.In the early stage of Middle Permian, seawater intrude from the southwest to the northeast, the study area is located in the littoral-neritic sea sedimentary facies environment.

There is significant progress in soil-pile dynamic interaction, which can be saw in pertinent review articles written by Pender[1], Roesset [2], Novak[3], and Gazetas et al.[4].
Several rigorous solutions entail significant computational effort and are used primarily for research rather than for design tools (Blaney et al. [7], Wolf and Von Arx [8], Kagawa and Kraft [9], Kaynia and Kausel[10], Sen et al. [11]).
Multi-particle system model was proposed by Penzien J. et. al. [12], but this model is too simple to apply to engineering computation.
In Fig.4, the circle dote represent the field test result and the triangle dote represent the calculating results. 0 0. 5 1 1. 5 2 2. 5 3 3. 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 f r equent number f r equent val ue cal cul at i ng val ue f i el d t est r esul t Fig.4 Comparison between results of field test and numerical computation.

Table 1 Main chemical components of superalloys used in experiments [Wt%] Ni Cr Al Ti Fe Other GH738 balance 18.0-21.0 1.2- 1.6 2.75-3.25 ≤2.0 Co:12.0- 15.0 GH4033 balance 19.0-22.0 0.6-1.0 2.4-2.8 ≤1.0 -- GH3030 balance 19.0-22.0 ≤0.15 0.15-0.35 ≤1.50 -- GH3044 balance 23.5-26.5 ≤0.50 0.3-0.7 ≤4.0 -- GH4169 30.0-55.0 17.0-21.0 0.2-0.6 0.65-1.15 15.0-21.0 Nb:4.75-5.5 GH80A balance 18.0-21.0 1.0-1.8 1.8-2.7 ≤1.5 Co≤2.0 Results and Discussions The Influence of Different Element Contents.
Aluminium and titanium are added to strengthen nickel-based superalloys by the formation of γ' gamma prime, (Ni3(Al,Ti)) which is directly proportional to the amount of total hardening elements present, i.e. aluminium, titanium and niobium[5].
Sun and et al: J. of Mater.
Li and et al: Key Engineering Materials, Vol.259-260 (2004), pp.824
El-Baradie: J. of Mater.

Co-Hydrotalcite-like compounds (Co-HTlcs), as precursors of mixed oxides, were synthesized by coprecipitation technique from Mg(NO3)2·6H2O, Al(NO3)3·9H2O and Co(NO3)2·6H2O, with a constant molar ratio Mg/Al of 1.6 and a variable molar ratio Co/Mg from 0.01 to 0.1.
Experimental Co-Hydrotalcite-like compounds (Co-HTlcs) were synthesized by coprecipitation technique at room temperature and continuous stirring, from Mg(NO3)2·6H2O, Al(NO3)3·9H2O and Co(NO3)2·6H2O, with a constant molar ratio Mg/Al of 1.6 and a variable molar ratio Co/Mg from 0.01 to 0.1.
Forano, K.el Malki, J.

Materials and Methods The precursors for MAS: Cr3+ were mixture of aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3 and magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 (LLC "NN Optics"), which is obtained by the method of hydrolysis of double magnesium-aluminum isopropylate [13], chromium nitrate nonahydrate Сr(NO3)3•9H2O and chromium oxide Cr2O3.
No impurities were detected in Samples 2-4 and included peaks of O, Mg, Al, Cr.
Elemental composition of MAS: Cr3+ nanopowders Sample number 1 2 3 4 Element At.% O 57.16 57.28 57.16 57.18 Mg 13.97 13.61 14.21 14.08 Al 27.84 28.13 27.54 28.24 Cr 0.91 0.98 1.09 0.49 Cu 0.12 - - - The transmission spectra of MAS: Cr3+ of ceramic samples are presented in Fig.3.
Pestereva, E.L.
Sarakovskis, Low-temperature studies of Cr3+ions in natural and neutron-irradiated g-Al spinel, Low Temp.

Zhang D.S. [7], Dhir R.K. et al. [8] studied the effects of different types of fly ashes and their dosages on the volume of air entrained, stability of air bubbles, and air loss with time using of different AEAs.
Saucier F. et al. [9] experimentally investigated the effects of temperature on air entrainment effectiveness.
Moreover, MacInnis C. et al. [10] and Liu et al. [11] studied other factors such as superplasticizers and vibrating frequency.
[8] Dhir R K, McCarthy M J, Limbachiya M C and El Sayad H I.