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Modelling and simulations are good attempts to describe the flotation process without requiring further experiments.
Models have been built to correlate the flotation operating parameters such as gas bubble size and gas flowrate to the oil-water separation efficiency using response surface methodology (RSM), fuzzy logic, kinetic model and CFD model [23]–[28].
Eades, “A multiphase CFD model of DAF process,” 2001, doi: 10.2166/wst.2001.0488

Wu et al, Integrated simulation of advanced protective gas electro-slag remelting for the production of high-quality steels(ISA-PESR), in: Final report Contract NoRFSR-CT-2004-00027, 1 (2009) 150
Holzgruber, Influence of the Frequency of the Applied AC Current on the Electroslag Remelting Process, in: CFD Modeling and Simulation in Materials Proc., (2012) 139-148

Numerical Method The numerical simulation is performed by the finite volume based on the commercial CFD package FLUENT.
Sagaut, Simulation of a viscous compressible flow past a circular cylinder with higher-order discontinuous Galerkin methods, Comput.

His areas of interest are Heat Transfer, I.C.Engines, Refrigeration & Air-Conditioning, CFD and Renewable Energies.
His research interests are in the areas of Alternative fuels, Simulation of heat and mass transfer systems, Combustion in Gas turbines, Thermodynamics, CFD and renewable energy sources.

(a) (b) Fig. 6 (a) Effect of operating temperature on cell voltage and current density (b) Effect of operating temperature on cell power density and current density The performance curve simulation of the effect of operating temperature on the cell’s current density and voltage is shown in Fig. 6 (a).
The simulations have been performed on the basis of standard physical parameters of standard cell properties and its geometry shown in Table 1.
Kendall, CFD to predict temperature profile for scale up of micro tubular SOFC stacks, J.

A uniform RH distribution within the print volume was the goal of the study, which combined experimental testing with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations.
Dwiyati, Simulation of temperature distribution in 3D printing heated chamber on orientation and temperature variations with ABS material,vol. 2596, 2023

In these simulations we consider the Al2O3-water, SiO2-water and TiO2-water as coolants.
The simulation was performed using the software, ANSYS FLUENT.
Results and Interpretations After the simulation calculations converged, we tested mesh independence.
El Hammami, Numerical Simulation of the cooling of heated electronic blocks in horizontal channel by mixed convection of nanofluids, Journal of Nanomaterials. 2020 (2020) 11 pages.
Ijam, CFD investigation of nanofluid effects (cooling performance and pressure drop) in mini-channel heat sink, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer. 40 (2013) 58-66.

Simulations have been performed with relative tolerance 10-4 and absolute one 10-5.
The comparison between the results of the 2D and 3D numerical simulations and the experimental outcomes are shown in Fig. 3.
A final consideration is deserved by the effect of the porosity value on the results of the numerical simulations for metal-foam loaded PCMs.
At the end of the simulations, the liquid fraction does not reach 70% with pure PCMs, whilst it grows rapidly up to 100% with composite PCMs.
Shukla, Experimental validation of an air-PCM storage unit comparing the effective heat capacity and enthalpy methods through CFD simulations, Energy 155 (2018) 495–503

In the PDM system, the product structure tree is defined and maintained according to the product configuration structure tree, product assembly model, part model and relevant drawings and documents produced in the product configuration system, the production structure and assembly relation, or the relation among the documents, and then all the other information related to the various product components is connected to the product structure tree via link; then the data and all the relevant information of each section are configured, displayed and managed in layers through Design resources, knowledge base, PDM system Network environment, application protocols, database Fig. 1 Digital industrial design system framework Design positioning Market demand, product development plans Simulation evaluations Collisions check, ergonomics evaluation, CAE simulation analysis, aesthetic analysis, functional performance test, synthetically evaluation Graphic output
Design application of enterprise product development Toolkit for digital industrial design Online browsing and date interface Knowledge base management system PDM system Design resource, knowledge base Network environment, application protocol and relation database 3D-CAD(Pro/E) CAE(Ansys+CFD) Design process management Navigation of task design Modularization configuration design Documents management Industrial design idea design Shape design Color design Layout design Human-machine design Navigation of 3-D modeling design Design analysis and evaluation Human-machine engineering analysis Physical property analysis Mechanical property analysis Design evaluation Fig. 2 Logic structure of the digital industrial design system Design specifications Product configuration design Product configuration design evaluation Industrial design idea design Evaluation industrial design and patent examination Schem alteration

One way is to use the existing CFD correlation calculation softwares for numerical simulation.
The method can achieve the whole system of 2D and 3D numerical simulation, and it is helpful to reveal the rule of fluid flow within the system.