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The computer software of the tensile test is opened and tensile test data is input.
Before stretching the tension and displacement data of software are cleared off.Opening the tensile testing machine, even loaded is applied, after tensile stretch finished, the data is recorded and a new tensile specimens is placed, before each tensile loading ,It is needed that the displacement and tension value of the software is cleared off in order to avoid artificially errors.
Tensile data is shown in Table 2.
, followed by the upper flange and lower flange is smallest.Flange elongation percentage and reduction of cross section area is bigger than that of the web .
Reduction of cross section area of upper flange and that of lower flange has slightly difference.In the plastic deformation of H-beam, the web deformation is much greater than that of the flange.

The set of problems was investigated by analyzing the measured data and by determining the wear in practical tests.
This problem often can be solved by modification of the tools or the reduction of the production rate.
For data acquisition, the mentioned sensors are connected via a bridge module (NI 9237) and an analogue input module (NI 9215) to a CompactDAQ chassis of the company National Instruments.
A very good correlation between the measured data and the simulations could be shown Summary and Outlook In this research project three different plate materials are used in blanking tools for production of small-sized parts at high stroke rates.
Compared to plates of steel, the materials aluminium and magnesium effect a reduction of the oscillation at the point when the sheet breaks through.

Cathodic protection creates reduction reaction which produces hydrogen, and the hydrogen atom may diffuse into the crystal lattice lead to the Hydrogen Induced Cracking.
The samples were reheated in furnace at temperature of 1100oC and were deformed at varies warm temperatures of 550, 600, and 650oC with 35% thickness reduction.
Grain Size and Hardness value of different temperature of warm working Sample Condition (deformation: 35%) Grain Size [µm] Hardness [HVN] σu [kg/mm2] after H2 charging Reheat [oC] Temperature deformation D 1100 950 28.3 182 46 H 1100 650 28.3 191 55 G 1100 600 40 212 45 F 1100 550 56.5 211 57 E 550 550 28.3 241 63 A Bulk No deformation 40 209 52 B 1100 No deformation 28.3 215 50 Table 1 shows the data of samples which have reheated 1100oC.
The entry of hydrogen into the metal results in significant decreases in elongation and reduction in area without the formation of any visible defects, chemical products or cracking.
The cathodic reaction of an acid corrosion mechanism occurring at the internal surface, i.e, the reduction of hydrogen ions, H+ as follow the anodic reaction : Fe à Fe++ + 2e and the cathodic reaction : 2H+ + 2e à 2Hads.

With the aim to enter a process of continuous improvement and assess energy saving potentials, companies require reliable data on their energy consumption.
The sensor data was processed in an energy measuring terminal and transferred to a PC via bus coupler.
The measurement data was then saved to a sql database.
Based on the acquired data, upgrading and reengineering measures could be assessed for their economic viability.
Considering product development, electrical energy metering was found to generate the necessary data, which supports the development of new, energy efficient product generations.

According to statistical data, the construction wastes frequently makes up 30–40% of the whole solid wastes.
Thus, the implementation of construction waste management is urgently needed，which will benefit both the environment and the construction firms in terms of cost reduction.
McDonald and Smithers(1998) conducted a survey suggesting that a proper waste management plan can contribute significantly to eliminate waste source, and can result in up to 50% cost savings for waste handling charges, 15% volume reduction of waste generation prior to recycling on site, and 43% waste reduction for landfill.
Reward schemes can be used to motivate construction site workers to increase their participation in waste reduction schemes [9].
For example, the intelligent terminals PDA can be used to automatically track data of materials.

In order to obtain accurate experimental data, full-bridge strain gauge configurations were mounted onto the punch to measure extrusion force.
Fig.5 shows that there is no obvious influence of RP and extrusion force increases a lot with material change and area reduction.
Therefore the key influence parameters are material type and area reduction.
In order to optimize extrusion force, it is important to select the proper material and area reduction. 0 50 100 150 200 250 A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 B3 C1 C2 C3 D1 D2 D3 E1 E2 E3 F1 F2 F3 Fig.5 Main effects of plot-data mean for forming redundancy Conclusions Orthogonal analysis combined FEM simulation is introduced in the current study to investigate effect of the process parameters on sheet metal extrusion force, which is not only reliable and efficient, but also referential to other systems.
Especially, area reduction and material type as key parameters have further more influence on the extrusion force than others.

Thermodynamic functions were evaluated on the basis of molecular constants of SiC, SiC2, Si3C, Si2C, Si2C2, selected during comprehensive analysis of the modern data on the structure of these molecules.
Thermodynamic functions were evaluated (table 1) on the basis of molecular constants of SiC, SiC2, Si3C, Si2C, Si2C2 (tables 2, 3), selected during comprehensive analysis of the modern data on the structure of these molecules and data, obtained using quantum - chemical calculations.
Table 1 Thermochemical data for silicon carbides Substance ∆atH o (0) kJ/mol ∆fH o (0) kJ/mol ∆fH o (298.15) kJ/mol So (298.15) J/(K mol) H o (298)-H o (0) kJ/mol SiC[c] 800.884 -70.884 -71.9 16.485 3.251 SiC 426.86 730.0 734.95 226.101 9.217 SiC2 1247.0 627.0 633.0 253.079 11.751 Si2C 1052.0 562.0 566.0 265.240 11.866 Si3C 1437.0 629.0 632.0 293.613 14.428 Si2C2 1652.0 673.0 678.0 270.597 13.109 Table 2 The values of molecular constants for SiC2, Si2C, Si2C2, Si3C.
Thermodynamic calculations in the Si-O-C system (p=0.1 MPa) - isobaric process Under isobaric conditions the reduction of silicon dioxide takes place in the temperature range 1700-1800 K (see fig.1).
Thermodynamic analysis of the process of carbothermal reduction of silicon dioxide by carbon has been carried out under different conditions: a.

Numerical models and simulation methodology are first validated by the comparison to experimental data.
The reduction factors of steel and bolts at elevated temperature are from EC3, as shown in Fig.10.
Fig.6 shows that the development of axial force in beam agree well with experimental data.
Comparison Between Experimental Data and Numerical Results: Axial Force & Beam Mid-span Deflection Fig. 7.
Comparison Between Experimental Data and Numerical Results: Deformation of Connection Region Parametric Study Load Ratio Three load ratios, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, are adopted to determine their effects on the the failure temperature of the connection and the behavior of the beam.

For the biosynthesis of monovinyl chlorophyll, the reduction of the 8-vinyl group which is located on the B-ring of the macrocycle is essential. 3,8-Divinyl protochlorophyllide a 8-vinyl reductase (DVR) catalyzes the reduction of 8-vinyl group on the tetrapyrrole to an ethyl group, which is necessary for monovinyl chlorophyll (Chl) synthesis.
Among the variety of chlorophyll species, monovinyl chlorophyll a are most commonly utilized for the photochemistry in photosynthetic organisms. 3,8-Divinyl protochlorophyllide a 8-vinyl reductase (DVR) catalyzes the reduction of 8-vinyl group on the tetrapyrrole to an ethyl group, which is necessary for monovinyl chlorophyll (Chl) synthesis.
Conclusions In conclusion, our data show full-length DVR cDNA was cloned from Dunaliella parva, which includes 1326 bp coding region, 22 bp 5'-untranslated regions and 383 bp 3'-untranslated regions.

Fujian), and handled by 3086 X-Y data recorder (Sichuan Fourth Instruments).
The data were obtained from cyclic voltammograms presented in Figure2 Figure 4.
The symbols represent the experimental data, and the line is the linear fit.
A reduction peak appears at a potential of ca. -0.85 V.
Therefore, the reduction reaction of Ni(II) into metallic nickel on the Pt electrode is an irreversible process.