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However, this material presents poor machinability resulting to low material removal rates and short cutting tool life [2].
The reason of this behavior can be traced back to its low thermal conductivity and high chemical reactivity with cutting tool materials [3].
Xie, Some metallurgical aspects of chip formation in cutting Ti–6 wt% Al–4 wt% V alloy, Materials Science and Engineering, A 190, pp.173–180, (1995)
Torbaty, Effect of the cutting speed on the chip morphology and the cutting forces, Archives of Computational Materials Science and Surface Engineering, Vol. 1, Issue 2, pp.77-83, (2009)
Sutter, Adiabatic shear banding in high speed machining of Ti-6Al-4V: experiments and modeling, International Journal of Plasticity, 18, pp.443-459, (2002).

China 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, 121001, P.
Skibsted, Microporous Mesoporous Materials 39, 393 (2000)
Kraushaar-Czarnetzki, Microporous Mesoporous Materials 57, 83 (2003)
Melero, Microporous Mesoporous Materials 39, 135 (2000)
Pang, Chemistry-Zeolites and Porous Materials In Chinese, Science Press, Bei Jing, 2004, p. 173.

Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Coatings on Copper Substrate Hongqin Liu 1,a, Wei Pan 2 and Baocai Xu 1,b 1School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China 2State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China aliuhongqin@th.btbu.edu.cn, bxubaoc@btbu.edu.cn Keywords: Superhydrophobic surface; Copper; Cu(OH)2 films Abstract.
Introduction Recently, inspired by the “lotus effect”, superhydrophobic surfaces with water contact angle higher than 150° have attracted much attention, due to their great importance in fundamental research and widespread potential applications in various technological areas such as self-cleaning materials, microfluidic devices and biological materials, etc[1-5].
Experimental section Materials and sample preparation.
Zheng, Stable, superhydrophobic, and conductive polyaniline/polystyrene films for corrosive environments, Advanced Functional Materials. 16 (2006) 568-574
Lu, Fabrication of stable superhydrophobic supric hydroxide surface with hierarchical structure on copper substrate, Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology. 18 (2009) 339-344.

On other hand, collagen and gelatin industries typically derive their raw materials from the bones and skin of mammals, primarily from pigs (porcine) and cows (bovine).
Although the raw materials used are halal, alcohol can be formed during the manufacturing process.
Ochiai, Fish skin as a biomaterial for halal collagen and gelatin, Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, vol. 29, no. 2.
Kerry, Use and application of gelatin as potential biodegradable packaging materials for food products, Int J Biol Macromol, 71(2014), pp.94-102
Hayes, Marine gelatine from rest raw materials, Applied Sciences (Switzerland), MDPI AG, vol. 8, 12 (2018).

Furthermore, biogas can be produced from regionally available raw materials and recycled waste and is environmentally friendly and CO2 neutral [7].
Some studies have concluded that the material chosen for the wall is crucial for the design of micro combustor.
One the main parameters to be predicted in this study is temperature and the results is important in developing an efficient system especially in choosing more suitable materials for micro-combustors.
Senturia, Macro power from micro machinery, Science-New York Then Washington-, pp. 1211-1211, 1997
Part I: Fundamental study, Chemical engineering science, vol. 60, pp. 3497-3506, 2005

But it leads to strong adulteration of the weld metal with the metal base and finally to the reduction of the performance attributes of the coating structure and increased consumption of expensive surfacing materials.
Due to the welding in the narrow intermediate area there appears a new transitional alloy with an averaged composition in accordance with the share of the main and the welding materials.
Korotkov, Wear resistance of plasma-hardened materials, Journal of Friction and Wear. 1 (2011) 17-32
Kesler, Plasma Spray Processing of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, in: Proceeding of Materials Science Forum. 439-543 (2006) 1385-1390
Herman, Solid Particle Erosion of Plasma Sprayed Ceramic Coatings, Materials Research. 1 (2004) 147-153

Fig. 1 Layout of disc cutter Material model.
The rock material is *Mat_Johnson_Holmquist_Concrete.
Material parameters are illustrated in Table 1.
Acknowledgements This research is supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (973 Program, No. 2013CB035401), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51074180，51274252) References [1] Hou-Mei Z: Tunnel Construction, Vol. 26(2006), P.1~7 [2] Jung-Woo Cho, Seokwon Jeon, Sang-Hwa Yu,Soo-Ho Chang: Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, Vol.25(2010), P.230~244 [3] Gang L, Wanshan W: Journal of Harbin Engineering University, Vol. 33(2012), P.1~5 [4] Shen B, Xia Y M, Gu J J: Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 353(2013), P.1417~1421
[5] Gertsch R, Gertsch L, Rostami J: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, Vol. 44(2007), P.238~246 [6] Moon T.

Developing reinforced concrete materials in the early 20th century as the Zeiss planetarium in Germany was the start of a new tradition of thin concrete shell structures [1].
This, combined with the development of new materials and computational structural analysis tools opened the path for design optimization in structures.
This model combines the membrane and bending states, however concrete materials are known for resistance efficiency to compressive stresses and weakness to tensile stresses, the later ones are induced by bending moment.
Peerdeman, Analysis of thin concrete shells revisited: Opportunities due to innovations in materials and analysis methods, Master's thesis, Delf University of Technology, the Nitherlands, (2008) 30-50
Bathe, The finite element analysis of shells-Fundamentals, Springer Science & Business Media, Place Published, 2010

The material selected for the present work and composition are listed in Table 1.
The material is subjected to spheroidization for different duration of time.
D’Addona, and DavorinKramar, “Analysis of surface technology in dry machining of EN-8 steel”, 3rd International Conference on Materials Processing and Characterization, 6:931-938, 2014
Young-Won Lee, Young-II Son, and Seok-Jae Lee, “Microstructure and mechanical properties of spheroidized D6AC steel”, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 585:94-99, 2013
EN31, EN8, and D3 after heat treatment processes such as annealing, normalizing and hardening and tempering”, the International Journal of Engineering and Science, 1(2): 253-259, 2012.

Wang Fei in the Center of Materials Science and Technology of NUDT for his help with the test of SEM.
Katti: Materials Science and Engineering C, Vol. 26 (2006), p.1317
Li: Materials Science and Engineering C, Vol. 11 (2000), p.19
Su: Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 114 (2009), p.367
Muyco: Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, Vol. 1 (2008), p.76.