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China, 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang 110136, P.
The FEM originated from the need for solving complex structural analysis problems in civil and aeronautical engineering.
Clough in the 1960s for use in civil engineering By late 1950s, the key concepts of stiffness matrix and element assembly existed essentially in the form used today and NASA issued request for proposals for the development of the finite element software NASTRAN in 1965.
Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, 1998, 19 (4): 225-232
Desktop Engineering Magazine, 2008,1

A study on the effect of a dyke reinforced by geotextile-encased sand columns Fang OuYang1,a, Junwei Bi1,b , Jianwei Han1,c and Weiming Liao1,d 1 School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China a245879165@qq.com, b1186054378@qq.com, c477925591@qq.com, d464039003@qq.com Keywords: Geotextile-encased sand columns; Settlement; Average settlement rate Abstract.
Iintroduction to Engineering[4] The area-extension project of a airplane dockyard (EADS) in Hamburg-Finkenwerder is located in the ‘Mühlenberger Loch’ .
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2009, 136(1): 129-139
Experiences on Dike Foundations and Land Fills on Very Soft Soils[C]//International Symposium on Soft Soils Foundation Engineering, Mexico. 2002
Calculation Techniques and Dimensioning of Encased Columns—Design and State of the Art[M]//Geosynthetics in Civil and Environmental Engineering.

Bearing Capacity Predicting Method on Mortar-rock Interface of Compression Type Rock Anchor Li Lu1, a , Shuguang Wu2,b 1College of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China 2 Key Laboratory of New Technique for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China alulicq@126.com, bwushuguang@126.com Keywords: compressing type rock anchor, fixed anchor length, bearing capacity, predicting method Abstract.
It is too difficult to consider all of above factors at the same time in engineering practice, so that the empirical parameter is necessary.
When the calculation method for design is not perfect, the experience of engineers influences the choice of parameters.
[J]Journal of Civil, Architectural & Environmental Engineering, Vol.33(5) (2011).
[J]Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol.26（6）(2004).P.828-831.

Saint-Petersburg State Polytechnical University, Engineering-construction Institute, Politechnicheskayast. 29, 195251 St.Petersburg, Russia 29, 195251 St.Petersburg, Russia d_kuzmenko@list.ru a , petrosov@mail.ru b , d_kuzmenko@list.ru a, petrosov@mail.ru b.
Shown on that thermal engineering heterogeneity coefficient is .
Walling "zero" thickness for frame buildings// magazine of civil Engineering. 2008.№1.
Finite elements for the calculation of the enclosing structures of thin-walled profiles // Magazine of civil Engineering. 2011. №8(26).
Experimental investigation of the thermal regime lightweight enclosing structures in natural conditions. // Magazine of civil engineering. 2013. №8(43).

College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Central South University, Changsha, China, 410075; 2.
Div. of Structural Engineering, Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden, SE-97187; 3.
College of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Mechanics, The Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China, 410075 a zouzhq72@126.com, b Ola.Enochsson@ltu.se, ccegjhe@hotmail.com, dlennart.elfgren@ltu.se Keywords: Reinforced concrete, trough railway bridge, finite element analysis, load bearing capacity assessment Abstract: The static behavior of a reinforced concrete trough railway bridge is analyzed by finite element method.
The precision is acceptable in engineering concern.
Department of Structural Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, 2001

Analysis on the Moment-Curvature Relationship for Prestressed UHPFRC Beams without Stirrup Han, Sang Mook1, a, Guo, Qing Yong1,2,b 1 School of Civil Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Korea 2College of Aeropace and Civil Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China aSmhan@kumoh.ac.kr, bqingyong622@hotmail.com Key words: UHPFRC; Moment curvature; Fibre reinforced concrete; Prestressed beams Abstract.
Introduction Fully and partially prestressed concrete structures have been widely used in railway and highway bridge engineering.
Journal of Bridge Engineering, Vol. 13(2008), pp.602-610 [2] Lok T.
Flexural strength assessment of steel fibre reinforced concrete, Journal of Materials in Civil engineering,Vol. 11, N. 3(1999), pp. 188-196 [3] Alena, K., Kristek, V., and Broukalova, I..

Finite Element Analysis on the Crack Width and Deflection of a Local Corroded Reinforced Concrete Beam Qi-yin Shi1,a, Chun Zhao1,b,Chun Wang2,c, Qing Li2,d 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China 2Henan highway engineering group co.
We can get the force performance of the local corroded reinforced concrete beam in practical engineering accurately.
(3) Calculating the crack width using the formula based on ANSYS, extracting the beam deflection from the ANSYS post-processing results, then calculating the crack width and deflection of beam according to GB50010-2010 and EN1992-1-1.Through comparing with the results, the model is proved to be used for analysis and design in the practical engineering. 5.
China Civil Engineering Journal, 2009, 42 (11): 64－{TTP}-243 70
[6] Jie Bai, Zhi-jun Wang, Qiao-ling Gao, Zhi-liang Li, Zong-ming Huang, Average Constitutional Relationship of Unanchored Zone of RC Structure with Considering Bond and Slip, Journal of Civil, Architectural & Environmental Engineering, 2009,Vol.31 No.2.

Push-out Test on Bond Property of Micro-Expansive Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Columns Kaicheng Xu 1,2a,Mengcheng Chen 2b,Fang Yuan 2c 1 School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China 2 School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, 330013, China axkcxj@163.com, bmengcheng_chen@yahoo.com.cn, c yf_981@163.com Keywords: Shrinkage/Expansion Behavior；Bond Strength；Push-Out Test；Micro-Expansive.
The Structural Engineer，1993，71(13):230-233
The Structural Engineer，1993，71(13): 234-243
Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 2010, 27(1):44~47.
Journal of Structual Engineering, 1999:477-484

Failure modes of bolted steel-wood-steel connections loaded parallel-to-grain Junwen Zhou1,a,Dongsheng Huang2,b,Wenhu Li1,c,Aihua Liu1,d and Weicheng Shi1,e 1Changzhou Key Lab of Construction Engineering Structure and Material Properties，Changzhou Institute of Technology, No. 299, Tongjiang South Road, Changzhou, P.R.China 2 Department of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No.159, Longpan Road, Nanjing, P.R.China ajunwenzhou@126.com, bdshuang@njfu.edu.cn, cLwh@czu.cn,dliuah@czu.cn,eshiwc@czu.cn Keywords: failure mode, bolt, connection, brittle, ductile, row spacing, bolt spacing Abstract.
Engineering Design in Wood (limit states design), standard O86.1-94, Canadian Standards Association, Rexdale, Ont
C-029, Engineering and Statistical Research Centre, Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Ont(1988)
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, v27(2000), p761-773
Bolted wood-steel and wood-steel-wood connections: Verification of a new design approach .Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, v 28(2001), p 254-263

Reliability Analysis of Relevant Radom Variables in Pedestrian Evacuation Study in Underground Transportation Hub Dong-fu ZHAO a *, Xiao-lin ZHANG b and Yu SU c Beijing Research Center for Engineering Structures and New Materials, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, P.R.China azhaodongfu@bucea.edu.cn, bzhangxiaolinttxs@126.com, csuyu0215@sina.cn Keywords: Reliability; Correlation; Transport Hub; Personnel Evacuating Abstract: In this study reliability theory was applied in evacuation time of pedestrians in the subway, especially taking the correlation of pedestrian speed and pedestrian flow coefficient into account.
Acknowledgment: we are grateful for the support of Open Research Fund Program of Beijing Engineering Research Center of Monitoring for Construction Safety (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture), under grant “Study on security disaster prevention of urban underground space” (No. 8121001).
Fire safety evacuation reliability analysis based on computer simulation[J].Journal of disaster prevention and mitigation engineering.2009，29(4)
Study on multi-story underground transportation hub pedestrian evacuation analysis influence factors[D].Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 201203.