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Online since: October 2007
Authors: Leo A.I. Kestens, Kim Verbeken, Jan Penning, Lieven Bracke
This
corresponds to fast kinetics observed by Scott et al. [1], who found an Avrami coefficient n=0.81
and an activation energy Q=309.5kJ/mol for the same alloy.
It is believed that the observed oriented nucleation mechanism and the absence of substantial growth after nucleation are responsible for the fine grained final microstructure of these alloys. 0 10 20 30 40 50 600 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Misorientation [degrees] Distance [microns] Misorientation Profile Point-to-point Point-to-origin distance (µm) Misorientation (°) 0 5 10 15 200 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Misorientation [degrees] Distance [microns] Misorientation Profile Point-to-point Point-to-origin distance (µm) Misorientation (°) 1 3 1 2 25µm (a) (b) (c) 111 001 101 ND RD Fig. 2 (a) IPF map of a partially recrystallized area, (b) Misorientation profile of area 1: microtwins, (c) Misorientation profile of area 2: no microtwins (Annealing treatment: 898K, 120s) For high SFE materials, like Al, Cu and Ni, the recrystallization texture is typically dominated by a strong cube component [5, 6].
El-Danaf, S.R.
Lücke, Proceedings of ICOTOM 7, edited by Brakman et al., Noordwijkerhout (1984), p. 195 [9] S. .Vercammen, PhD Thesis, KU Leuven, Belgium (2004)
It is believed that the observed oriented nucleation mechanism and the absence of substantial growth after nucleation are responsible for the fine grained final microstructure of these alloys. 0 10 20 30 40 50 600 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Misorientation [degrees] Distance [microns] Misorientation Profile Point-to-point Point-to-origin distance (µm) Misorientation (°) 0 5 10 15 200 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Misorientation [degrees] Distance [microns] Misorientation Profile Point-to-point Point-to-origin distance (µm) Misorientation (°) 1 3 1 2 25µm (a) (b) (c) 111 001 101 ND RD Fig. 2 (a) IPF map of a partially recrystallized area, (b) Misorientation profile of area 1: microtwins, (c) Misorientation profile of area 2: no microtwins (Annealing treatment: 898K, 120s) For high SFE materials, like Al, Cu and Ni, the recrystallization texture is typically dominated by a strong cube component [5, 6].
El-Danaf, S.R.
Lücke, Proceedings of ICOTOM 7, edited by Brakman et al., Noordwijkerhout (1984), p. 195 [9] S. .Vercammen, PhD Thesis, KU Leuven, Belgium (2004)
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Hui Mei Wang, Fuh Der Chou
Lawler et al. [1] developed polynomial-time algorithms for preemptive version of MPOS problems.
Naderi et al. [3] considered the objective of minimizing total completion time for MPOS problem, and develop a MIP model and MA.
Simulated Annealing Kirkpatrick et al. [5] proposed a SA which attacks the drawback of descent algorithm by accepting poor solution in the annealing process.
References [1] E.L.
Naderi et al. [3] considered the objective of minimizing total completion time for MPOS problem, and develop a MIP model and MA.
Simulated Annealing Kirkpatrick et al. [5] proposed a SA which attacks the drawback of descent algorithm by accepting poor solution in the annealing process.
References [1] E.L.
Online since: January 2021
Authors: Tahar Abid, Thierry Baudin, Mohamed Chaouki Nebbar, Salim Messaoudi, Mosbah Zidani, Ahmed Kisrane-Bouzidi
Wire Drawing Effect on Microstructural and Textural Evolution in Medium Carbon Steel Wires
NEBBAR Mohamed Chaouki1,3,a*, ZIDANI Mosbah1,2,b, MESSAOUDI Salim1, ABID Taher4 , KISRANE-BOUZIDI Ahmed1 and BAUDIN Thierry5
1Energetic and Materials Engineering Laboratory-University of Biskra-Algeria
2Faculty of Technology, University of Batna 2-Algeria
3Scientific and Technical Research Center in Physico-Chemical Analyzes (CRAPC)-Algeria
4TREFISOUD, El-Eulma-Sétif-Algéria
5ICMMO, SP2M, Paris-Sud University, Paris-Saclay University, UMR CNRS 8182, build.410, 91405 ORSAY, France.
Embury and Fisher [6] and Li et al [7] studied the evolution of the microstructure and crystallographic texture of a pearlitic steel wires during wire drawing process and described the development of the fibrous structure (morphological texture) and a crystallographic texture of fiber <110>//WDD (where WDD is the wire drawing direction parallel to the wire axis (WA)).
Ziar, A.L.
Abid, H.Farh, A.L.
Embury and Fisher [6] and Li et al [7] studied the evolution of the microstructure and crystallographic texture of a pearlitic steel wires during wire drawing process and described the development of the fibrous structure (morphological texture) and a crystallographic texture of fiber <110>//WDD (where WDD is the wire drawing direction parallel to the wire axis (WA)).
Ziar, A.L.
Abid, H.Farh, A.L.
Online since: January 2017
Authors: Aliakbar Gholampour, Togay Ozbakkloglu
Therefore, the concrete damage-plasticity model that was proposed by Lubliner et al. [20] and later modified by Lee and Fenves [21] is adopted and extended in the present study.
The original model proposed by Lubliner et al. [20] considers linear trendline for the compression and tensile meridians.
Tab.1 Summary of test results used in Figs. 1 and 2 Group ID Study Dimensions of cylinder (mm) Lateral confinement flu,a (MPa) f’co (MPa) U30 Mirmiran et al. [25] ø152.5 × 305 1, 3, 5, 7 layers of Glass-FRP 4.0, 11.9, 17.1, 24.0 29.8 U64 Ozbakkaloglu and Vincent [26] ø152 × 305 1, 2, 3, 4 layers of Carbon-FRP 3.6, 8.0, 11.2, 15.2 64.2–65.8 (a) (b) (c) (d) Fig.1 Variation of: (a) axial stress-axial strain; (b) lateral strain-axial strain; (c) plastic volumetric strain-axial plastic strain; and (d) plastic dilation angle-axial plastic strain relationships with level of confinement and concrete strength (Group U30) Figs. 1(a) and 2(a), 1(b) and 2(b), and 1(c) and 2(c) respectively illustrate that the proposed model closely predicts the axial stress-strain, lateral strain-axial strain, and plastic volumetric strain-axial plastic strain behaviors of both NSC and HSC specimens.
[25] Mirmiran, A., Shahawy, M., Samaan, M., El Echary, H., Mastrapa, J.
The original model proposed by Lubliner et al. [20] considers linear trendline for the compression and tensile meridians.
Tab.1 Summary of test results used in Figs. 1 and 2 Group ID Study Dimensions of cylinder (mm) Lateral confinement flu,a (MPa) f’co (MPa) U30 Mirmiran et al. [25] ø152.5 × 305 1, 3, 5, 7 layers of Glass-FRP 4.0, 11.9, 17.1, 24.0 29.8 U64 Ozbakkaloglu and Vincent [26] ø152 × 305 1, 2, 3, 4 layers of Carbon-FRP 3.6, 8.0, 11.2, 15.2 64.2–65.8 (a) (b) (c) (d) Fig.1 Variation of: (a) axial stress-axial strain; (b) lateral strain-axial strain; (c) plastic volumetric strain-axial plastic strain; and (d) plastic dilation angle-axial plastic strain relationships with level of confinement and concrete strength (Group U30) Figs. 1(a) and 2(a), 1(b) and 2(b), and 1(c) and 2(c) respectively illustrate that the proposed model closely predicts the axial stress-strain, lateral strain-axial strain, and plastic volumetric strain-axial plastic strain behaviors of both NSC and HSC specimens.
[25] Mirmiran, A., Shahawy, M., Samaan, M., El Echary, H., Mastrapa, J.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Yu Sen Hu, Lu Mei Pu, Guang Sheng Guo, Hong Yan Niu, Jing Li
Wang et al. mixed polylactic acid and urea-formaldehyde resins with urea, synthesized a urea slow release membrane with good slow-release property and degradability.
Recently, Niu et al. successfully prepared a new type of slow-release membrane-encapsulated urea fertilizer with starch-g-poly(vinyl acetate) (St-g-PVAc) as a biodegradable carrier material [7].
The elemental analysis were carried out using Vario EL.
Zhang, et al., Preparation and characteristics of novel dialdehyde aminothiazole starch and its adsorption properties for Cu (II) ions from aqueous solution, Carbohydr.
Recently, Niu et al. successfully prepared a new type of slow-release membrane-encapsulated urea fertilizer with starch-g-poly(vinyl acetate) (St-g-PVAc) as a biodegradable carrier material [7].
The elemental analysis were carried out using Vario EL.
Zhang, et al., Preparation and characteristics of novel dialdehyde aminothiazole starch and its adsorption properties for Cu (II) ions from aqueous solution, Carbohydr.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Long Yi Shao, Feng Ding, Zhao Bin Li, Feng Lan Zhang
Based on statistical data, the main sorts are as follows: water-inrush, slag, ground subsidence, landslide collapse, and ground crack et.al.
Model Accuracy Examination ①Residual: Average Ew=-0.54882, Es=0.08289, Egs=-0.00132, El=-0.02306, Egc=0.909841. ②Posteriori variance: examination including quotient of variance (Cw=0.085687901(Ex), Cs=0.072043632(Ex), Cgs=0.040612505(Ex), Cl=0.044889705(Ex), Cgc=0.086107369(Ex), and small error probability (P≥0.95 (Ex)) Table 2 Loss Statistics of mining geology hazard [7] Time(Year) Sort Water-inrush($) Slag ($) Ground subsidence (km2/103km2) Landslide& collapse(104m3) Ground crack($) 2003 95200 150800 12.53 416.83 28200 2004 107000 173200 13.82 438.91 31200 2005 116000 196400 15.96 457.45 42500 2006 129000 221800 18.14 473.63 51700 2007 146000 256200 20.53 495.28 62800 2008 168000 283400 23.10 522.14 79200 2009 191000 319800 25.95 543.53 99800 2010 226000 345200 28.84 571.39 113400 ③Relevancy extent examination: Relevancy extent (ζw=1.016254, ζs=1.004664, ζgs=1.003759,ζl=1.001007,ζgc=1.005570)>0.6, and so the prediction model is very accurate.
Model Accuracy Examination ①Residual: Average Ew=-0.54882, Es=0.08289, Egs=-0.00132, El=-0.02306, Egc=0.909841. ②Posteriori variance: examination including quotient of variance (Cw=0.085687901(Ex), Cs=0.072043632(Ex), Cgs=0.040612505(Ex), Cl=0.044889705(Ex), Cgc=0.086107369(Ex), and small error probability (P≥0.95 (Ex)) Table 2 Loss Statistics of mining geology hazard [7] Time(Year) Sort Water-inrush($) Slag ($) Ground subsidence (km2/103km2) Landslide& collapse(104m3) Ground crack($) 2003 95200 150800 12.53 416.83 28200 2004 107000 173200 13.82 438.91 31200 2005 116000 196400 15.96 457.45 42500 2006 129000 221800 18.14 473.63 51700 2007 146000 256200 20.53 495.28 62800 2008 168000 283400 23.10 522.14 79200 2009 191000 319800 25.95 543.53 99800 2010 226000 345200 28.84 571.39 113400 ③Relevancy extent examination: Relevancy extent (ζw=1.016254, ζs=1.004664, ζgs=1.003759,ζl=1.001007,ζgc=1.005570)>0.6, and so the prediction model is very accurate.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Hwa Young Jeong, Hae Gill Choi
While the use of ICT in distance learning for off-campus students is already accepted, Cancannon et al. [1] stated that there is also a trend in higher education to utilize the benefits of e-learning to improve the learning performance of campus-based students.
El-Seoud, Web Services Based Authentication System for E-Learning, International Journal of Computing & Information Sciences Vol.5, No.2, August (2007) [10] Kelly Wauters, Piet Desmet, Wim Van Den Noortgate, Item difficulty estimation: An auspicious collaboration between data and judgment, Computers & Education 58 (2012), p.1183-1193
El-Seoud, Web Services Based Authentication System for E-Learning, International Journal of Computing & Information Sciences Vol.5, No.2, August (2007) [10] Kelly Wauters, Piet Desmet, Wim Van Den Noortgate, Item difficulty estimation: An auspicious collaboration between data and judgment, Computers & Education 58 (2012), p.1183-1193