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Elasto-optic constant of PMMA Measurement using linear-least squares method Rui Zhang 1, a 1 Engineering Mechanics Department of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500 china a26385971@qq.com Keywords: Digital gradient sensing, stress intensity factors, open mode, linear least squares, Elasto-optic constant Abstract.
Elasto-optic constant is related to known stress intensity factors and specimen thickness.
For instance, due to its good mechanical and physical properties, PMMA has been widely used in electronic screen，aircraft cockpit canopy，windshield，etc.
Theoretical stress intensity factor of opening mode is given in Eq.4.
Thus, stress intensity factor is taken as known parameter and related, are known in Eq.5.Where andare the polar coordinates of known crack tip.

On the other hand, water leaking into the tunnel can cause tunnel settlement, structural damage, corrosion, traffic hazard, affecting the appearance of the metro and so on.
One of the solutions to this problem is to understand the mechanical of joint opening and its factors.
In this paper, in order to investigate the mechanical behavior of joint of segmental concrete tunnel liners, an analytical solution is developed and the related factors affecting the magnitude of joint opening are analyzed.
Mechanism of rubber gasket sealed whereis the required total gasket contact pressure, m is the coefficient of rubber gaskets, which is related with the material properties, andis the water pressure.
Therefore, bolt location d is an important factor affecting the joint opening.

During the initial healing period, mechanical stability offered by an implant design that prevents any micro-movement in the implant-bone structure is one of the most essential osseointegration factors [5].
Fig. 3 The total model of bone and implant Fig. 4 The direction of forces induced in the implant/bone joint during axial loading 2.3 Material properties The first step in the ANSYS was to define the materials and their different properties, which was done according to Table 2.
In this investigation, the mechanical properties of the materials, such as Poisson's ratio and Elastic Modulus, were standardized, and all materials were assumed to be isotropic, homogeneous and linearly elastic.
Furthermore, there are other factors that can influence the functional surface area, including the implant length and the density of bone [31].
Liu, Selection of the implant thread pitch for optimal biomechanical properties: A three-dimensional finite element analysis, Advan.

However, past research results [2] show that the properties of ZrB2 based composites are strongly dependent on processing.
The mechanical, thermal, and oxidation properties of the zirconium diborides, carbides and their composites with SiC reinforcements have been evaluated by Opeka et al. [4] and Monteverde [5].
The present study is focused on the microstructure, mechanical properties, thermal shock and ablation resistance, as well as isothermal and non-isothermal oxidation behaviour of the hot pressed ZrB2 based composites.
Mechanical Properties.
Room temperature mechanical properties of the composites.

Keywords: concrete, protective coating, construction quality Abstract: reinforced concrete structures reinforced protective layer deviation will directly affect the mechanical properties and durability of the reinforced concrete member, in relation to the structure of the use of safety and service life.
The control to the protective layer of reinforced concrete structures include the following aspects: to do a good job of double sample, reinforced the blue prints.the design, production and installation of template engineering, reinforcing steel bar colligation molding process, placed, binding of fixed steel protective layer block and the requirements on the installation of the steel skeleton. 1.Introduction In addition to raw material quality factor, the reinforced concrete structures reinforced protective layer deviation will directly affect the mechanical properties and durability of the reinforced concrete member, relates to the use safety and service life of the building.
These are man-made factors, should be able to completely off the wall.
Second, the block should be reasonable and accurate binding in reinforced (main), and should not be decorate on the mechanical reinforcement, fixed firmly, prevent displacement occurred in the process of casting and slide.

For both VHDPE and RHDPE, rice straw fiber systems had comparable mechanical properties with those of wood composites.
Performances of PVA/RS composite were affected by many factors, for example, hot-pressing time, hot-pressing temperature, raw material ratio.
Otherwise, season is also an important factor for PVA/RS composite preparation.
Summary Many factors such as hot-pressing time, hot-pressing temperature or raw material ratio affect PVA/straw composite.
In addition, season is also an important interesting factor.

It is well known that many factors such as the molar ratio of (-NCO)/(-OH), the content of DMPA, kinds of extender and catalyst, the type of neutralizing agent, synthetic methods, and reaction conditions strongly affect the structure-properties of WPU dispersions and their films[11-16], and there are lots of researches about the effects of WPU dispersions and their films.
Fig. 6 Tensile strength and elongation at break of WPU films with different content of DMPA Fig. 7 T-peel strength and Hardness of WPU with different content of DMPA Some mechanical properties.
The DMPA content is important for the mechanical properties of WPU emulsions and their films.
For that reason, it was predicted that the increase of DMPA content contributed to the improvement of mechanical properties.
Some mechanical properties increased with the increasing content of DMPA, such as tensile strength and hardness, etc. while some mechanical properties reduced, like elongation at break and T-peel strength.

Considering the diversity of traffic flow composition should be one of the major factors to find out the reason of traffic jam.
Numerical Simulation （1）Drivers are regular permutation In order to find how drivers’ characteristics affect the traffic flow properties, we further study the traffic flow theory under different drivers’ types condition.
Cars have different properties, drivers of each car also has different characteristics.
The more random of drivers’ properties, the more practical of the model.
In summary, the conclusions can be said that,(1)Driver s ’ property is a key factor that affects the dynamics of traffic flow.(2)The heterogeneous drivers model is more realistic and in accordance with real traffic flow, and also satisfies stable condition.(3)The drivers’ different characteristics are the factor causing the disturbance of traffic stream, and maybe one of the major factors of traffic jam.(4)Even the same type drivers, if they have different position. in traffic stream, may lead to different traffic vibration.

Introduction Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are one of the most promising mechanical reinforcing materials for polymeric composites due to their high axial Young's modulus, high aspect ratio, large surface area and excellent thermal and electrical properties [1].
The higher PZT concentrations led to decrease in tanδ, probably due to the stiff nature of the ceramic particles, and therefore based on the DMTA the concentration of 4% PZT is the optimal one for enhancing the damping properties of EP without affecting the network quality.
Therefore, the expectation of enhanced damping properties by the combination of the two fillers was not verified by this analysis.
However, additional experiments are at the moment under process in order to study the damping properties by means of free vibration analysis.
The presence of CNFs decreased the damping properties of the EP system, which were not enhanced by the addition of the PZT particles.

Abstract: Indentation is a mature technique that has been widely used in materials science to investigate the mechanical properties of metals and thin films.
A more traditional engineering approach for mechanical properties is three point bend testing which provides an indication of the general fracture performance of the material.
Similar to the three point bend test, this technique probes bone properties in function of combined factors, such as collagen fibre orientation, mineralization and distribution (Rho, Zioupos et al. 1999).
"Anistropic properties of human tibial cortical bone as measured by nanoindentation."
"Mechanical properties in long bones of rat osteopetrotic mutations."