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Online since: July 2015
Authors: Rajesh Deoliya, P.S. Chani, Ashok Kumar
In process life cycle assessment, process data is used to compile the life cycle inventory of a product.
The data applied in process life cycle assessment may be collected directly from life cycle inventory databases or other data sources.
iii) In hybrid life cycle assessment, a combination of process, sectoral input-output and environmental account data is used.
Similarly, the data generated shows that if we use any of the recent assessment methods suggested by different authors, the EE used for constructing load bearing masonry buildings using innovative materials and techniques is less as compared to conventional construction methods.
[13] Pullen, S.F., Data quality of embodied energy methods, proceedings of the seminar on Embodied Energy: Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, 1996, p. 39–49
The data applied in process life cycle assessment may be collected directly from life cycle inventory databases or other data sources.
iii) In hybrid life cycle assessment, a combination of process, sectoral input-output and environmental account data is used.
Similarly, the data generated shows that if we use any of the recent assessment methods suggested by different authors, the EE used for constructing load bearing masonry buildings using innovative materials and techniques is less as compared to conventional construction methods.
[13] Pullen, S.F., Data quality of embodied energy methods, proceedings of the seminar on Embodied Energy: Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, 1996, p. 39–49
Online since: July 2012
Authors: Chien Chou Huang, Mei Yung Chen
First, we use the piezoelectric microphone and data acquisition card NI-PXI 4472B to acquire LS signals, and signals preprocessing.
Fourier transform is a method that usually use in frequency-analysis and can divided into two kinds by data type, which are discrete and continuous
And the third result, the teaching signals were transformed by wavelet transform is more accurate and faster than the real data, because the teaching signals are more clear and have less noise, it’s more suitable for neural network calculating. 3 Conclusion Morlet wavelet transform in this study revealed the most information of the lung sound signals in the time-frequency transform, it’s also suitable for the signals which are non-stationary and non-periodic.
“Reduction of Heart Sounds from Lung Sounds by Adaptive Filtering,” IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol.33, no.12, 1141-1148
“Recursive least squares adaptive noise cancellation filtering for heart sound reduction in lung sounds recordings.”
Fourier transform is a method that usually use in frequency-analysis and can divided into two kinds by data type, which are discrete and continuous
And the third result, the teaching signals were transformed by wavelet transform is more accurate and faster than the real data, because the teaching signals are more clear and have less noise, it’s more suitable for neural network calculating. 3 Conclusion Morlet wavelet transform in this study revealed the most information of the lung sound signals in the time-frequency transform, it’s also suitable for the signals which are non-stationary and non-periodic.
“Reduction of Heart Sounds from Lung Sounds by Adaptive Filtering,” IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol.33, no.12, 1141-1148
“Recursive least squares adaptive noise cancellation filtering for heart sound reduction in lung sounds recordings.”
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Tao Chen, Hong Hou, Zhi Fei Chen, Cheng Kun Jiang
The success of this approach depends largely on the phased array design, and the array data processing method.
; Signal from microphone which samplied equally inreceiving time was converted to samplied in launch time becomes samplied not equally,so interpolation is needed in data processing.
Fig.3 View of array installation Data processing Two dimensions of ARJ aircraft landing gear was meshed, and noise intensity of grid points was estim- ated.
Fig.4 is signal waveform time-domain figure.of the 26th and 29th channels received. 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 t/s Waveform chn26 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 t/s chn29 Waveform (a) channal 26 (b) channel 29 Fig.4 35s Time domain waveform Signal waveforms that 30 array elements received are as Fig.4 shows, apparently fly-over time of ARJ aircraft is15s around, in Fig.4 (a) ,waveform is stable , in Fig.4 (b), waveform has bigger ups and downs in 16s and 28s around, signals received by 17 channels are relatively stable as shown in Fig.4 (a), other channels are existing fluctuation as shown in Fig.4 (b).Data processing mainly concerns about signal strong part so that only the first 16s nearby fluctuations could have influence, there are same situation in channels 7,8,9,13,17 and 29.
QTD 2 (Quiet Technology Demonstrator 2) main landing gear noise reduction fairing design and analysis.13th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, 2007
; Signal from microphone which samplied equally inreceiving time was converted to samplied in launch time becomes samplied not equally,so interpolation is needed in data processing.
Fig.3 View of array installation Data processing Two dimensions of ARJ aircraft landing gear was meshed, and noise intensity of grid points was estim- ated.
Fig.4 is signal waveform time-domain figure.of the 26th and 29th channels received. 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 t/s Waveform chn26 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 t/s chn29 Waveform (a) channal 26 (b) channel 29 Fig.4 35s Time domain waveform Signal waveforms that 30 array elements received are as Fig.4 shows, apparently fly-over time of ARJ aircraft is15s around, in Fig.4 (a) ,waveform is stable , in Fig.4 (b), waveform has bigger ups and downs in 16s and 28s around, signals received by 17 channels are relatively stable as shown in Fig.4 (a), other channels are existing fluctuation as shown in Fig.4 (b).Data processing mainly concerns about signal strong part so that only the first 16s nearby fluctuations could have influence, there are same situation in channels 7,8,9,13,17 and 29.
QTD 2 (Quiet Technology Demonstrator 2) main landing gear noise reduction fairing design and analysis.13th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, 2007
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Fei Wang, Fang Mei Wan
The silicone rubber foam is a suitable material used for heat insulation and vibration reduction.
Then, the regression analysis of predicted data estimated is introduced by the extreme value distribution.
Fig. 2 Silicone foam pad compression test data regression analysis A total of 16 sets of pad compression test data parameter fitting results are shown in Table 1, and all the parameters of the interval and standard variance analysis results are given.
Observing of the figure, data distribution was significantly skewed distribution, an extreme value distribution for a typical skewed distribution is applied to fit the data.
With random statistical analysis, it founds that the extreme value distribution fit the predictive statistical data well.
Then, the regression analysis of predicted data estimated is introduced by the extreme value distribution.
Fig. 2 Silicone foam pad compression test data regression analysis A total of 16 sets of pad compression test data parameter fitting results are shown in Table 1, and all the parameters of the interval and standard variance analysis results are given.
Observing of the figure, data distribution was significantly skewed distribution, an extreme value distribution for a typical skewed distribution is applied to fit the data.
With random statistical analysis, it founds that the extreme value distribution fit the predictive statistical data well.
Online since: March 2006
Authors: Ki Weon Kang, Young Min Do, Jung Kyu Kim, Yong Su Kim
The results are in
conformance with the experiments: therefore, Eq. (8) allows fatigue data of the impacted laminates
under 2-stage loading to be correlated with constant amplitude data of the impacted laminates.
To correlate the fatigue life under 2-stage loading with the constant amplitude life through Eq. (8), however, the information about the constant amplitude data of the impacted laminates should be known.
To overcome this shortcome, a new model has been proposed, by which the equivalent stress can be obtained from the residual strength of the impacted laminates and constant amplitude fatigue data of the unimpacted laminates.
It is also worthy to note that Eq. (9) enables us fatigue data under 2-stage loading for the unimpacted laminates as well as for the impacted laminates to be correlated with constant amplitude data for the unimpacted laminates.
These models enable us fatigue data of the unimpacted and impacted laminates under 2-stage loading to be correlated with constant amplitude data of the unimpacted laminates.
To correlate the fatigue life under 2-stage loading with the constant amplitude life through Eq. (8), however, the information about the constant amplitude data of the impacted laminates should be known.
To overcome this shortcome, a new model has been proposed, by which the equivalent stress can be obtained from the residual strength of the impacted laminates and constant amplitude fatigue data of the unimpacted laminates.
It is also worthy to note that Eq. (9) enables us fatigue data under 2-stage loading for the unimpacted laminates as well as for the impacted laminates to be correlated with constant amplitude data for the unimpacted laminates.
These models enable us fatigue data of the unimpacted and impacted laminates under 2-stage loading to be correlated with constant amplitude data of the unimpacted laminates.
Online since: March 2007
Authors: Frans Leysen, Yvan Houbaert, Jan Penning
These
particular conditions were considered to be related to the finish hot rolling temperature and thus the
roll cooling penetration depth imposed on the steel strip, the finishing reduction degree and
especially the strain rate conditions.
The existence of this layer of very small ferrite grains can be explained on the basis of texture analysis and calculations based on literature data.
From the dilatometric data, the critical temperatures of the ELC steel were developed through a variation of the cooling rate, combined with a preceding hot deformation treatment.
However, these conditions are hardly to occur in industrial practice as finishing rolling reductions are low and the strain rates relatively high.
The existence of this layer of very small ferrite grains can be explained on the basis of texture analysis and calculations based on literature data.
From the dilatometric data, the critical temperatures of the ELC steel were developed through a variation of the cooling rate, combined with a preceding hot deformation treatment.
However, these conditions are hardly to occur in industrial practice as finishing rolling reductions are low and the strain rates relatively high.
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Ismail Kashkoush, Gim Chen, Dennis Nemeth, Jennifer Rieker
The theoretical consumption of TMAH was compared to the actual consumption based on both NIR and titration data.
Figure 2: TMAH Concentration Model (2:1) vs Practice Figure 3: New TMAH Concentration Model (1:1) vs Practice As a result, a new theory was developed that fit the data much more accurately.
As can be seen, the new theory fits the data very closely.
The alkaline etching of silicon proceeds through both an oxidation and reduction step.
The result is the reduction of water shown in equation 3.
Figure 2: TMAH Concentration Model (2:1) vs Practice Figure 3: New TMAH Concentration Model (1:1) vs Practice As a result, a new theory was developed that fit the data much more accurately.
As can be seen, the new theory fits the data very closely.
The alkaline etching of silicon proceeds through both an oxidation and reduction step.
The result is the reduction of water shown in equation 3.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Yong Xin Li, Wei Yuan Wang, Jun Wang, Feng He Wu, Fei Xia Cheng
The data collected of three different configurations reinforced square plate supported at four corners is arranged and analyzed from the displacement and strain respectively.
Fig.3 Static test measuring site of stiffened plate Fig. 4 The traditional pattern Fig. 5 The layout by ESO Comparative Analysis of Data In the ESO and VGA configuration, reinforcing materials are formed on the four corners; the remaining material is mostly layout on the middle position of plate.
The strain reduction effect based on venation growth algorithm in this paper is best of the reinforcement on the center point in the three layout modes of reinforcement.
The VGA result at the point 1 and point 2 strain reduction effects is better than the reinforcement based on ESO.
The data at the point 4, point 7 and point 11 in the track 1 have a less difference in reduction effect.
Fig.3 Static test measuring site of stiffened plate Fig. 4 The traditional pattern Fig. 5 The layout by ESO Comparative Analysis of Data In the ESO and VGA configuration, reinforcing materials are formed on the four corners; the remaining material is mostly layout on the middle position of plate.
The strain reduction effect based on venation growth algorithm in this paper is best of the reinforcement on the center point in the three layout modes of reinforcement.
The VGA result at the point 1 and point 2 strain reduction effects is better than the reinforcement based on ESO.
The data at the point 4, point 7 and point 11 in the track 1 have a less difference in reduction effect.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Yu Peng Wu, Zhi Yong Wen, Yue Liang Shen, Cheng Zhang, Qing Yan Fang, Gang Chen
The current CFD model has been validated by comparing the simulated results with the experimental data obtained from the boiler for case study.
The model predictions show good agreement with the nitrogen release data from the experiments of different coals in various conditions.
Then, due to the reduction of NO by the char, the average NO concentrations reduce gradually.
At the same time, the reduction atmosphere is enhanced, reducing more NO formed.
The simulated results, such as the carbon content in fly ash, NO and oxygen concentrations in flue gas at the furnace exit, have been compared with the experimental data to validate the established CFD model.
The model predictions show good agreement with the nitrogen release data from the experiments of different coals in various conditions.
Then, due to the reduction of NO by the char, the average NO concentrations reduce gradually.
At the same time, the reduction atmosphere is enhanced, reducing more NO formed.
The simulated results, such as the carbon content in fly ash, NO and oxygen concentrations in flue gas at the furnace exit, have been compared with the experimental data to validate the established CFD model.
Online since: July 2015
Authors: Rizalman Mamat, Mohd Hafizil Mat Yasin, Perowansa Paruka, Mohd Hafiz Ali
Generally the engine and the fuel can be developed and been produced for the minimal emission reduction which can be released without harmful the environment.
Exhaust gasses treatment is necessary for the emission reduction but the latest technology still cannot achieve the treatment stage.
The exhaust gasses were recirculated into the air charge and decreased the cylinder temperature for the NOx reduction.
K-type thermocouples were attached to the engine oil sump, exhaust extractor and the end of the exhaust pipe for the temperature measurement. 8-Channel temperature indicator from PICO data logger was used as temperature data logger in the experiment.
GasMalaysia, "Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Chemical Safety Data Sheet," in Physical and Chemical Properties, ed.
Exhaust gasses treatment is necessary for the emission reduction but the latest technology still cannot achieve the treatment stage.
The exhaust gasses were recirculated into the air charge and decreased the cylinder temperature for the NOx reduction.
K-type thermocouples were attached to the engine oil sump, exhaust extractor and the end of the exhaust pipe for the temperature measurement. 8-Channel temperature indicator from PICO data logger was used as temperature data logger in the experiment.
GasMalaysia, "Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Chemical Safety Data Sheet," in Physical and Chemical Properties, ed.