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The use of fiberglass in self-compacting concrete compositions makes it possible to achieve a sufficient coefficient of grain separation in coarse and fine fillers, which significantly influences the mobility and technological effectiveness of self-compacting mixes.
As mentioned earlier, the main task in the development of self-compacting concrete is to guarantee a rather high grain separationof coarse and finefillers [11, 12, 13].
The principal difference lies in selecting thecoarse and finefillers’rational balance and grain size composition to achieve the optimum curve of the components’ screening.
A sufficient grain separationis achieved by introducing afiller comparable to the binderin dispersion.
The concrete mix workability Additive –hyperplasticizerMELFLUX 5581 F, % of the mass of cement Workability by the cone flow, [cm] Number of drops on the flow table 0 5 10 15 0 9.7 10.3 10.6 11.2 0.4 9.5 11.2 13.6 17.6 0.5 25.7 - - - 0.6 32.5 Water loss is observed.

This relationship can be explained by the influence of amorphous carbon content, vacancy density and grain size on the residual stress.
Since CVD diamond coating is mainly poly-crystalline, the grain orientation are different.
In the analysis of Raman spectra, the residual stress in the sample mainly shows compressive stress when the spectra peak moves to higher wave number, whereas for the tensile stress.
According to the results of Raman spectra, when the temperature was 650 ℃, although the more sp2 structure carbon content would lead more compressive stress, the thermal stress and more grain boundaries caused by smaller grain offset the compressive stress to some extent.
While the grain size did not change much compared with that under 750℃, the tensile stress in the coating could not offset the compressive stress effectively.

The grains were mostly equiaxed dendrites with a grain size of about 50 μm.
In the weld zone, the number of Al3Er particles was relatively small.
The Al3Er formed at the grain boundary of the weld zone was much less than the Al3Er phase of the parent metal zone, and the effect of hindering grain growth to fine grain strengthening was not obvious [6].
There was a large number of coarse columnar crystals near the weld line along the weld line.
In this case, it is impossible to form a sufficient Al3Er phase with Al to suppress grain growth and thereby to achieve fine grain strengthening.

On border of the fatigue crack passing in the filling layers of a welded seam the inclusions which are settling down chains on borders of grains are found, being concentrators of tension.
The considerable share and number of the inclusions are contained in the filling layers (Table 1).
Number, volume fraction and distribution of the inclusions in the form of multilayer welds change as a result of chemical reactions and diffusion [4].
Formation of a large number of SiO2 and (Fe, Mn) O testifies to a small raskisleniye of a welding bathtub when welding.
The number of the inclusions in the multilayer seam filling is the greatest, as compared with the other areas of the weld, which certainly reduces the fatigue properties.

Alloy composition effected recrystallization of product through the effect of hot rolling plate grain size, then effected magnetic properties.
Supposing everything other component and process remain equal, the iron loss significantly decreased and magnetic induction deterioration was not obvious with the increase of Manganese element and the grain size increases.
Laboratory equipment and Inspection equipment Laboratory test methods and test equipment such as shown in table 1: Table 1 Laboratory equipment production processes test equipment smelt 25kg vacuum inductance furnace forge 650kg forging hammer hot rolling Click the frame 2 rolls reversing mill scouring man-made cold rolling Single frame 2 rolls reversible cold rolling mill anneal Simulation of electrical steel continuous annealing furnace Magnetic detection AC magnetic characteristic measuring instrument MTR -1322 crystalline grain metallographic microscope ODF X-ray diffractometer RINT/2500PC The component design ideas In order to eliminate the corrugated shape defects, the phase change of slab heating and hot rolling, promote the dynamic recovery and recrystallization,the elimination of large deformation grain.
So the P will control in the 0.02% following. 7）In order to improve the effect of inclusions and small precipitates on the grain, and improve the texture of the finished board, Sb segregation element to add a certain amount in steel[4].
Smelting component designs in table 2: Table 2 Design components Number of steel C Si Mn P S Al Sb 1 ≤0.005 1.80-2.00 1.90 0.15-0.35 0.28 ≤0.02 ≤0.005 0.25-0.40 0.30 - 2 ≤0.005 1.60-1.70 1.65 0.65-1.00 0.70 ≤0.02 ≤0.005 0.25-0.40 0.30 - 3 ≤0.005 1.60-1.70 1.65 0.65-1.00 0.90 ≤0.02 ≤0.005 0.25-0.40 0.30 - 4 ≤0.005 1.70-1.85 1.75 0.85-1.20 0.90 ≤0.02 ≤0.005 0.25-0.40 0.30 - 5 ≤0.005 1.70-1.85 1.75 0.85-1.20 1.05 ≤0.02 ≤0.005 0.25-0.40 0.30 - 6 ≤0.005 1.70-1.85 1.75 0.85-1.20 1.05 ≤0.02 ≤0.005 0.25-0.40 0.30 0.04 Test process In a 25kg vacuum induction having be furnaced smelting 6 furnace steel, the alloy steel were analyzed, as shown in table 3.

Nucleation at grain boundaries.
R oriented grains presumably form through nucleation at the pre-existing high-angle grain boundaries and subsequent growth into the as-deformed matrix.
The weight factors xi are derived from the corresponding nucleus densities, Ni, as xi = Ni /Ntot where Ntot is the total number of nuclei.
A is the boundary area between cube bands and surrounding matrix, which is controlled by the initial grain size D0 and the applied rolling strain e: (12) Besides the cube bands, the pre-existing grain boundaries between the deformed grains can provide nuclei.
Furthermore, the texture affects a number of materials properties, which is important for practical applications of aluminium sheet products.

Recristallisation technique is applied to pure aluminum sheet in order to obtain multicrystals: samples with one layer of big grains.
The shape of the grains is presented in the Fig. 3d, the sample size is L0*l0*e0=45*9*1.2 mm3, with one layer of grains in the layer.
This localization of the energy means that 4 Title of Publication (to be inserted by the publisher) dislocations propagation is mainly active in some areas (a grain or a part of a grain) of the multicrystal. 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 Time (image number) Axial position (pixel) 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 Time (image number) Axial position (pixel) 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 x 10 6 10 6 Fig. 2 : a) temporal evolution of the temperature variations (°C) along a central column of the sample; b) temporal evolution of the heat sources (W.m -3) along the same column.
The comparison, at each time, of these fields to the microstructure evolution (Fig. d) has now to be realized in order to study which grain or which part of the grain is active.
The first one compares the stored energy Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) 5 to the anelastic one.

Due to the volatilization of PbO, a large number of lead vacancies are formed on the surface of Ba4Pb3O10 phase, which will engender a high interface potential barrier between Ba4Pb3O10 and (Ba,Pb,Sr)TiO3.
Desu believes that the formation of potential barrier on grain boundary related to the association of vacancy and donor segregated on grain boundary [2].
Because of the condition of oxygen abundance on grain boundary, the donors can form mono-ionized barium vacancy and titanium vacancy with oxygen: (× means no charge) × ⋅ +'+→+ O Ba Ba OVSbOOSb 422 2 1 2 32 × ⋅ +'+→+ O Ti Ti OVNbOONb 822 2 3 2 52 The ionic radius of Nb5+ is 0.064nm when its coordinate number is 6, which is close to that of Ti4+ (0.061nm).
The traps capture large numbers of electrons, causing the resistance to increase sharply, which is known as PTC effect.
The rest PbO form BaPbO3 with BaCO3 or BaO on the grain boundary.

The issues relating to the description of hardening and rotations of crystal lattices of the grains are discussed.
The focus is on the formation of residual mesostresses in individual grains in the case of polycrystalline stress relief with a representative volume in general.
As mentioned above, residual stresses arise in the various processes, but, ultimately, its appearance due to the incompatibility of the elastic deformations caused by various factors (including the orientation of the crystal lattices of different grains of polycrystals).
At the meso level (the level of the crystallite) in the two-level model using the following system of relations (crystallite number is omitted): (2) where – Cauchy stress tensor, – crystallite elastic moduli tensor, – strain rate tensor, its elastic and inelastic parts, – accumulated shear and the critical shear stress on the i-th slip system, – symmetric part of the orientation tensor of the i-th slip system, ,– unit vectors in the direction of the Burgers vector and the normal to the slip plane; – material constants: the characteristic shear rate and rate sensitivity of the material, – acting slip system shear stress, , – Heaviside function, K – the number of slip systems for this type of crystal lattice, о – tensor of the current orientation of the crystallographic coordinate system to the fixed laboratory system.
The strain rate found from (6) is used in the meso level model ratios to determine the inelastic deformation , which restored spin tensor for the current crystallite; further we use conditions (3)-(5) to determine the spin of quasi-solid movement at the macro level for each grain.

This has enabled a sufficient number of microtextured regions to be characterized which has provided statistical descriptions of size [8] This information is useful because there is sufficient evidence in the literature that grain-level fracture modes depend on local crystallographic orientation [9-11].
This result has been independently reproduced by a number of investigators, and while unexpected, appears to be correct.
In Fig. 5 the crack grows into the fine grained process zone which is consistent with what is known about relative ease of long fatigue crack propagation in the fine grain equiaxed and coarse colony microstructures, although there is not much crack growth data for such small grain sizes [22].
Here the crack is growing into the fine grained process zone.
Knowing this is important during failure analysis if the number of cycles after crack initiation is being estimated by striation counting.