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FCC equilibrium catalyst is used for the bed material in the tests, whose mean diameter is 67 μm，packing density ρs is 940 kg/m2·s and particle density ρp is1500 kg/m2·s.
China Powder Science and Technology, 2001, 7（3）：6-10
Chemical Engineering Science, 1999, 54: 5541-5546
Chemical Engineering Science,2007, 62:3473 – 3493
Journal of Sichuan University (Engineering Science Edition),2005,37（5）:46-50．

3-D Optimization of Self-balanced Torsion Bar Diameter and its Fillet Radius by FEM Linfeng Wu1 Xiaochun Yin2 and Zhonghua Liu3 1Department of Mechanics & Engineering Science of Nanjing University of Science & Technology Nanjing, China and Department of Mechanical Engineering of North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power Zhengzhou, China 2,3Department of Mechanics & Engineering Science of Nanjing University of Science & Technology Nanjing, China 1e-mail: wulinfeng@ncwu.edu.cn Keywords: Theory,Diameter optimization of torsion bar,Fillet radius optimization Abstract.
Results and Analysis The finite element model was calculated and the stress and strain contours were got as fig.3.Max tangential strain occured in cantilever end of transmission crank from Fig.3(a).Due to the symmetrical structure of the system and the anti-symmetrical load,the deformations of the two end had the same(transmission of element nodes,slightly different size).Max tangential strain was 0.014268m (it was equivalent overall angle ),and strain was in the opposite direction.Min strain occured in the middle of torsion bar and strain increased from the middle to the two ends.And the max value occured in the fillets.Max von Mises stress was 280MPa from Fig.3 (b),which was less than yield strength value of 785MPa in the material given.The whole designed structure was safe.The larger stress lies in:①the contact surfaces between torsion bar and the bearing inner ring;② the contact surfaces among torsion bar,crank,and roller spline;③Torsion bar fillets.The lower stress lies in:①non-contact
Acknowledgement The results reported here were obtained while the author was on study leave at Nanjing University of Science & Technology.The author would like to thank Professor YIN Xiaochun and his coworkers for their assistance in making the convertor system available and for this work and their help in the preparation of the manuscript.
Liu: Numerocal Simulations of Thermal-mechanical Stress of Convertor Loop with Complicated Multi-contactsurfaces by 3-D Nonlinearing Finite Element, Journal of Mechanical Strength.
Wang: the Determination of the Strain Dynamic Loading Factor in the Bracket Circle of the Combined Blown Converter,Journal of Mechanical Strength, Vol.15, (1993) No.3, pp.7~10

Materials and Methods The AFM force measurements include the colloidal probe technique and the lateral force technique.
Kappl, Surface Science Reports 59, 1-152 (2005). 3 B.
Good, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 179, 37-50 (1996). 15 J.
Drelich, Journal of Adhesion 63, 31-51 (1997). 16 Y.
Lenhoff, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 267, 352-359 (2003). 17 R.

Because sandwich steel plate has low density, damping property and great mechanical properties, which can reach requirements like saving materials, reducing weight and lowering noise[1-3].In recent years, many scholars put forward the structure of sandwich plate, such as honeycomb sandwich panel, four-prism type sandwich plate, wave type sandwich plate and so on[4-5].The application of sandwich plate has been concerned widely.
International Journal of Impact Engineering,1998,21:827 - 836
Failure prediction for advanced crashworthiness of transportation vehicles [J] International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2004, 30: 853 - 872
Analysis of Ship Collision to Protection of Nuclear Powered plant[J].Journal of Ship Research，1959，3(2)：1-4
Special crashworthiness structure design research[D].Zhenjiang,jiangsu university of science and technology,2006.

To avoid heat accumulation in the material, a waiting time of 30 seconds is applied between consecutive scans.
The tested material is stainless steel AISI304L of 1.021 ± 0.008 mm thickness and its chemical composition is given in Table 2.
Lawrence: Analysis and Prediction of edge effects in laser bending, Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 2001, Vol 123, pp. 53-61
Li: Deformation behaviour of laser curve bending of sheet metals, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2004, Vol 148, pp. 30-34
Lin: An Analytical model for the temperature field in the laser forming of sheet metal, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2000, Vol 101, pp. 260-267.

· Analysed costs: material, labour, equipment, energy and quality – prevention, failure, appraisal.
It consists of five steps, namely, material selection, dry-wet spinning, moduling, testing and quality control.
Capital equipment Process Material preparation Dry-wet spinning Moduling Testing Quality control Input Material Labour Energy Output Product Waste Fig. 1.
Emblemsvag, Activity-based life-cycle costing, Managerial Auditing Journal. 16(2001) 17-27
Xie, Framework of a product lifecycle costing system, Journal Of Computing And Information Science In Engineering. 6(2006) 69-77

Materials and Experimental Procedures Materials.
Bariani, Investigation on hot deformation behavior of Waspaloy, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 562 (2013), 77-82
Chaturvedi, Effects of different solution heat treatments on the hot ductility of superalloys, Materials Science and Technology, 29 (2013), 43-53
Shan, Effect of heat-treatment on microstructure and high-temperature deformation behavior of a low rhenium-containing single crystal nickel-based superalloy, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 606 (2014), 417-425
Zheng, Solidification characteristics and segregation behavior of Ni-based superalloy K418 for auto turbocharger turbine, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 571(2013), 168-177.

The analytical grade zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO3)2·6H2O), manganese acetate tetrahydrate (Mn(CH3COO)2·4H2O), citric acid (C6H8O7·H2O) were used as raw materials.
Some samples were further dried at 300, 400 and 500◦C in air atmosphere to drive off the remaining organic materials in the film.
[5] Ruh Ullah, Joydeep Dutta, Journal of Hazardous Materials 156 (2008) 194–200 [6] T.Z.
Tian, et.al., Journal of Hazardous Materials 155 (2008) 572–579 [7] S.
[25] S.K.Kansal, M.Singh, D.Sud, Journal of Hazardous Materials 141 (2007) 581.

Suppose drawing depths are roughly identical, camber pressure material surface is used.
Kang: Journal of Material Processing Technology Vol. 101 (2000), p. 166
Kim: Journal of Material Processing Technology Vol. 113 (2001), p. 686
Cao: Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering Vol. 125 (2003), p. 344
Heo: Journal of Material Processing Technology: Vol. 108 (2000), p. 1

Materials and Methods Palm Oil Methyl Ester Process.
First, Base flid were heated up to 60 °C to reduce its viscosity for easier dispersion of GNPs (purity of 97%, flake diameter of 100-300 nm and thickness of 0.33-0.39 nm, Nanjing XFNANO Materials Tech Co., Ltd.).
Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 11, 140–152
Key Engineering Materials, 902, 59–63. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.902.59 [9] Yang, L., Liao, R., Caixin, S., & Zhu, M. (2011).
Materials, 12(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/MA12050816