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Online since: July 2014
Authors: Gu Yong
Finally, it was triumphantly used in simulation of the superheated steam temperature reduction control system of 500 MW unit and food performances are obtained.
Aiming at a super heated temperature control system with high nonlinear, and time-varying characteristic of a boiler, a new kind of intelligent control method- wavelet neural network based internal model control system was proposed in this paper, and it has been applied in the 1st superheated steam temperature reduction control system of 500 MW unit and the simulation results has shown its efficiency.
The network has advantages of the wavelet transform (in background reduction and recovery of characteristic information) and also has neural network capacity of “universal” approximation.
Supposing the nodes number, the output of the of implicit layers are network are defined as: (1) where the weight value of the network can be get from Eq. (2): (2) The network training error performance index is shown in Eq. (3) (3) where N is the training data examples; the error function of the real output and the expecting output is expressed by the following equation: (4) To approximate error function by the same WNN, Eq. (5) is obtained:
Aiming at a super heated temperature control system with high nonlinear, and time-varying characteristic of a boiler, a new kind of intelligent control method- wavelet neural network based internal model control system was proposed in this paper, and it has been applied in the 1st superheated steam temperature reduction control system of 500 MW unit and the simulation results has shown its efficiency.
The network has advantages of the wavelet transform (in background reduction and recovery of characteristic information) and also has neural network capacity of “universal” approximation.
Supposing the nodes number, the output of the of implicit layers are network are defined as: (1) where the weight value of the network can be get from Eq. (2): (2) The network training error performance index is shown in Eq. (3) (3) where N is the training data examples; the error function of the real output and the expecting output is expressed by the following equation: (4) To approximate error function by the same WNN, Eq. (5) is obtained:
Online since: July 2006
Authors: Timothy Warner
The overall reduction in
solute saturation contributes to a reduction in quench sensitivity, which is critical for damage
tolerance properties of high solute alloys.
Comparison of strength-toughness balance achievable with an AA7056 composition vs 7449-T7951 typical data.
Typical data from 6.7 mm industrially-processed plate.
R-curve data were obtained from CCT specimens, W=760 mm, B = 5 mm.
All data taken from T/4.
Comparison of strength-toughness balance achievable with an AA7056 composition vs 7449-T7951 typical data.
Typical data from 6.7 mm industrially-processed plate.
R-curve data were obtained from CCT specimens, W=760 mm, B = 5 mm.
All data taken from T/4.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Ai Min Zhao, Jian Hua Shao, Jia Le Meng
Data exchange between three packages is performed by using a shared memory (RAM virtual disk).
To realize it, every package writes intermediate data file into the shared memory and reads intermediate data file of the other two packages every 50 iterations.
The major operational data used in this study is shown in table 5.
Table 5 Operational data used in the model Phase Operational data value Gas Blast rate, temperature, humidity, O2 enrichment, top pressure 1700 m3/min, 1150℃, 1.7%, 1.66%, 1.2atm Solid Ore rate, ore Fe2O3 content, coke rate, coke fixed C, inlet temperature, PC rate 3212t/d, 76.66%, 340.0 kg/thm, 82.28%, 25℃, 170.0 kg/thm Liquid Hot metal [C] 4.6% Two methods of validating the model are used in this section.
Second, top gas composition is compared with data from practical operation.
To realize it, every package writes intermediate data file into the shared memory and reads intermediate data file of the other two packages every 50 iterations.
The major operational data used in this study is shown in table 5.
Table 5 Operational data used in the model Phase Operational data value Gas Blast rate, temperature, humidity, O2 enrichment, top pressure 1700 m3/min, 1150℃, 1.7%, 1.66%, 1.2atm Solid Ore rate, ore Fe2O3 content, coke rate, coke fixed C, inlet temperature, PC rate 3212t/d, 76.66%, 340.0 kg/thm, 82.28%, 25℃, 170.0 kg/thm Liquid Hot metal [C] 4.6% Two methods of validating the model are used in this section.
Second, top gas composition is compared with data from practical operation.
Online since: June 2007
Authors: B. Zvigumbu, C. Mbohwa
The work involved use of questionnaires, interviews and access to
primary data at the Harare City Council.
The main source of data was the Harare City Council.
Information and Data Collection for the Case Study The Harare City Council runs the city by collecting revenue and providing vital services as required by law.
A review of the data collected identified suitable combustible waste to be 633640 tonnes at 1736 tonnes per day.
Costing data formats and sources are shown in tables 7 and 8.
The main source of data was the Harare City Council.
Information and Data Collection for the Case Study The Harare City Council runs the city by collecting revenue and providing vital services as required by law.
A review of the data collected identified suitable combustible waste to be 633640 tonnes at 1736 tonnes per day.
Costing data formats and sources are shown in tables 7 and 8.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: P.K. Singh, V. Bhasin, R.K. Singh, K.K. Vaze
The reduction in residual stress is due to the low heat input and high deposition rate.
Drilling of hole leads to the change in strain in the vicinity of the strain gauge, which is recorded and these data are used for evaluating the relaxed residual stress using the formulations given below.
It has been observed that there is significant reduction in the axial shrinkage in case of hot wire GTAW.
Reduction in formation of carbide precipitate enhances safety margin aginst failure due to IGSCC.
The reduction in residual stress is due to the low heat input and high deposition rate.
Drilling of hole leads to the change in strain in the vicinity of the strain gauge, which is recorded and these data are used for evaluating the relaxed residual stress using the formulations given below.
It has been observed that there is significant reduction in the axial shrinkage in case of hot wire GTAW.
Reduction in formation of carbide precipitate enhances safety margin aginst failure due to IGSCC.
The reduction in residual stress is due to the low heat input and high deposition rate.
Online since: June 2019
Authors: Rostislav Drochytka, Vit Černý, Jana Húšťavová
It was found that influence of aeration of calcium silicate composite causes reduction of compressive strength by roughly 85%.
Figure 3 Compressive strength of composites and AAC The values were first analyzed as an integrated data set.
It is interesting that 30% replacement of each of the raw materials caused the most marked reduction of compressive strength of AAC compared to composite, the drop was by about 88%.
Decrease of intensity of tobermorite or reduction of development of crystallization of this mineral in expanded structure is relatively surprising.
It was found that after expansion of AAC, the reduction of strengths compared to non-expanded composite is almost constant.
Figure 3 Compressive strength of composites and AAC The values were first analyzed as an integrated data set.
It is interesting that 30% replacement of each of the raw materials caused the most marked reduction of compressive strength of AAC compared to composite, the drop was by about 88%.
Decrease of intensity of tobermorite or reduction of development of crystallization of this mineral in expanded structure is relatively surprising.
It was found that after expansion of AAC, the reduction of strengths compared to non-expanded composite is almost constant.
Online since: June 2015
Authors: S. Kolanjiappan
System wise defects data were collected and the effect of the trend of these defects was investigated thoroughly.
v) Setup time reduction, where system engineers continuously try to reduce machine setup times.
The data of hydraulic pump run hour between overhaul was collected from the ten aircrafts assigned for this experimental study.
Accordingly it was implemented and the data of its outcome is stated below.
Conclusions Many industries followed these lean principles have been successful in achieving the benefits of increased customer and employee satisfaction, reduction of production times, minimizing inventories, less occurrence of defects and reduced operating costs.
v) Setup time reduction, where system engineers continuously try to reduce machine setup times.
The data of hydraulic pump run hour between overhaul was collected from the ten aircrafts assigned for this experimental study.
Accordingly it was implemented and the data of its outcome is stated below.
Conclusions Many industries followed these lean principles have been successful in achieving the benefits of increased customer and employee satisfaction, reduction of production times, minimizing inventories, less occurrence of defects and reduced operating costs.
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Yi Ding, Hui Li Gong
The precipitation data, NDWI data, and NDVI data in Da Hinggan Ling during June 2010 are selected and analyzed according to the forest fire disaster happened in this area.
NDVI value Figure 3 shows the comparison of vegetation index data.
Secondly, the NDVI values of southwest Da Hinggan Ling in July have obvious reduction than in June.
Summary MODIS data are freely and easily available.
AQUA Earth Observing System satellite data policy, the main technical indicators and data sharing issues Localization,[J] REMOTE SENSING INFORMATION, 2002 (6) : 38~42
NDVI value Figure 3 shows the comparison of vegetation index data.
Secondly, the NDVI values of southwest Da Hinggan Ling in July have obvious reduction than in June.
Summary MODIS data are freely and easily available.
AQUA Earth Observing System satellite data policy, the main technical indicators and data sharing issues Localization,[J] REMOTE SENSING INFORMATION, 2002 (6) : 38~42
Online since: October 2010
Authors: Chow Shing Shin, Shi Wei Lin
There are situations where baseline fatigue crack propagation (FCP) data are needed but the available material for its evaluation is far from enough to fabricate full sized standard specimens.
Even at the low ΔK end, the miniature specimen results fall on the lower bound side of the standard specimen data.
Fig.2 shows that even these data are brought close to the standard specimen trend.
By taken into account of crack closure, the miniature specimen data are brought in line with the standard specimen results.
The growth rates versus DKeff relation may serve as an upper bound to get a conservative estimate of structural fatigue life from miniature specimen data.
Even at the low ΔK end, the miniature specimen results fall on the lower bound side of the standard specimen data.
Fig.2 shows that even these data are brought close to the standard specimen trend.
By taken into account of crack closure, the miniature specimen data are brought in line with the standard specimen results.
The growth rates versus DKeff relation may serve as an upper bound to get a conservative estimate of structural fatigue life from miniature specimen data.
Online since: July 2015
Authors: Haslenda Hashim, Syaza Izyanni Ahmad, Mimi Haryani Hassim
In this study, data for processes and chemicals involved in petrochemical industry is used.
The data for every parameters was then analyzed for their mean values which is used as the k-value in Eq. (3).
Aside from mean values, the data was also analyzed in order to obtain the lowest as well as the highest parameter values.
As mentioned previously, all three equations that is Eq. (1), (2) and (3) is based on the data gathered.
In this study, data from the petrochemical industry is used.
The data for every parameters was then analyzed for their mean values which is used as the k-value in Eq. (3).
Aside from mean values, the data was also analyzed in order to obtain the lowest as well as the highest parameter values.
As mentioned previously, all three equations that is Eq. (1), (2) and (3) is based on the data gathered.
In this study, data from the petrochemical industry is used.