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Online since: May 2022
Authors: Philip G. Neudeck, Mohit R. Mehta, John W. Lawson
DC Modeling of 4H-SiC nJFET Gate Length Reduction at 500�C
Mohit R.
Results and Discussion Before the gate length reduction studies, the turn-off and transfer characteristics of the COMSOL simulations were validated with the measured data of a 4H-SiC nJFET with the SN strategy at 500 °C, and the results are presented in Fig. 2.
This barrier reduction is evident in Figs. 4a-c.
Results and Discussion Before the gate length reduction studies, the turn-off and transfer characteristics of the COMSOL simulations were validated with the measured data of a 4H-SiC nJFET with the SN strategy at 500 °C, and the results are presented in Fig. 2.
This barrier reduction is evident in Figs. 4a-c.
Online since: June 2008
Authors: Konstantin V. Ivanov
Evidently from the data represented in Table 1 that grain
refinement is rather modest despite the reasonable deformation level accumulated.
From the data represented one can conclude that the temperature of SPD processing play a key role in grain refinement in molybdenum.
Literature data reveal the same structural features in chromium and tungsten processed by different ways of SPD.
Let consider the thermal stability of the structure of Mo processed by HPT and MF (the data for ECAP-Mo are not available yet).
The similar data are obtained in [3].
From the data represented one can conclude that the temperature of SPD processing play a key role in grain refinement in molybdenum.
Literature data reveal the same structural features in chromium and tungsten processed by different ways of SPD.
Let consider the thermal stability of the structure of Mo processed by HPT and MF (the data for ECAP-Mo are not available yet).
The similar data are obtained in [3].
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Cha Xiu Guo, Xin Li Wei
However there is little experimental data available in the open literature.
It is also worth noting that the reduction of the plastic collapse load is affected by the length and depth of the crack.
Compared with the experimental data, the calculated results are smaller since it did not consider the ovalisation of the elbow, but the maximum error is within 10%.
The following conclusions can be drawn: (a) For the defect free, from the experimental load–deflection data, plastic collapse load is evaluated by twice elastic slope method and compared with the existing formula; comparison between them is quite satisfactory.
(c)All the analytical validations provide confidence to the present test data, which may be utilized in future for validation of new theoretical developments in the integrity assessment methodology of axially surface cracked elbows.
It is also worth noting that the reduction of the plastic collapse load is affected by the length and depth of the crack.
Compared with the experimental data, the calculated results are smaller since it did not consider the ovalisation of the elbow, but the maximum error is within 10%.
The following conclusions can be drawn: (a) For the defect free, from the experimental load–deflection data, plastic collapse load is evaluated by twice elastic slope method and compared with the existing formula; comparison between them is quite satisfactory.
(c)All the analytical validations provide confidence to the present test data, which may be utilized in future for validation of new theoretical developments in the integrity assessment methodology of axially surface cracked elbows.
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Yao Jun Zhang, Li Wang
This paper synthesizesdomestic and foreign literature on data to study theproperties of concrete under high temperature, the more consistent view, point out the shortcomings of this research, puts forward the problems need to be solved further, proven direction for the study on high temperature properties of concrete.
The rapid development of economy brings new challenges toconcrete fire, according to data released by the National Bureau of statistics, in 2012 there were all kinds of fireaccident 152157, direct economic loss of 2177163000 yuan, killed 1028 people, injured 575 people [1].
The following table is a set of data records at home and abroad in recent years, reinforced concrete structure fire conditions [2].
However, many small sample, discrete data, lack of systematic statistical analysis, they can not reflect its authenticity
(2) Due to the complexity of the fire scene, many of the high temperature properties of concrete used in heating systems, heating equipment, heating method is not uniform, can not accurately simulate the full scene of the fire, so that test data can not be prepared to reflect the actual situation of deterioration of concrete under the law
The rapid development of economy brings new challenges toconcrete fire, according to data released by the National Bureau of statistics, in 2012 there were all kinds of fireaccident 152157, direct economic loss of 2177163000 yuan, killed 1028 people, injured 575 people [1].
The following table is a set of data records at home and abroad in recent years, reinforced concrete structure fire conditions [2].
However, many small sample, discrete data, lack of systematic statistical analysis, they can not reflect its authenticity
(2) Due to the complexity of the fire scene, many of the high temperature properties of concrete used in heating systems, heating equipment, heating method is not uniform, can not accurately simulate the full scene of the fire, so that test data can not be prepared to reflect the actual situation of deterioration of concrete under the law
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Ying Jun Ruan, Wei Guo Zhou, Jian Wang, Zhi Li Zhang, Chao Yang
In this paper, Hourly Load Apportionment Ratio Method [6] is utilized to calculation annual hourly cooling, heating and power load through the investigation of energy consumption in locally comparable Building JM and relevant data in design handbook for CCHP system.
Due to the lack of local basic data, energy consumption indicator in retail area refers to relevant statistics in Japan, which is more well-documented and complete.
For office and hotel area, energy consumption indicator refers to data information in JM building 2007 which locates in same district with same function.
Based on energy consumption investigation data in JM building 2007 for hotel and office zone, and relevant statistics of certain representative retail in Japan, annual hourly loads in 8760 hours could be calculated by means of Hourly Load Apportionment Ratio Method.
Conclusion In this paper, based on annual energy consumption data of JM which is an adjacent comparable building and related data of typical retail in Japan, annual hourly loads of cooling, heating and power are calculated separately by means of Hourly Load Apportionment Ratio Method.
Due to the lack of local basic data, energy consumption indicator in retail area refers to relevant statistics in Japan, which is more well-documented and complete.
For office and hotel area, energy consumption indicator refers to data information in JM building 2007 which locates in same district with same function.
Based on energy consumption investigation data in JM building 2007 for hotel and office zone, and relevant statistics of certain representative retail in Japan, annual hourly loads in 8760 hours could be calculated by means of Hourly Load Apportionment Ratio Method.
Conclusion In this paper, based on annual energy consumption data of JM which is an adjacent comparable building and related data of typical retail in Japan, annual hourly loads of cooling, heating and power are calculated separately by means of Hourly Load Apportionment Ratio Method.
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Qin Yan, Yin Hui Zhang
Experts pay more attention to the construction of green environmental protection of energy conservation and emissions reduction in the process of urbanization.
It had great significance for energy conservation, emissions reduction and carbon reduction [5].
Then they entitled to duty exemption or reduction for more than energy efficiency design standards or using renewable energy and green buildings.
The current domestic public construction of concrete operation data was not yet completely.
It had great significance for energy conservation, emissions reduction and carbon reduction [5].
Then they entitled to duty exemption or reduction for more than energy efficiency design standards or using renewable energy and green buildings.
The current domestic public construction of concrete operation data was not yet completely.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Li Mei Chao, Shi Xiao Hong, Zhu Jing Na
The electrochemical reduction technology used as a kind of good controll ability reduction technology, it can degrade HOCs in the wastewaters effectively.
But the mechanism of electrochemical reduction reaction of iodobenzoci acids has seldom been reported.
To acquire in situ FTIR data, two hundred interferograms were collected at each potential at a resolution 8 cm-1.
During the cathodic potential sacnning, the reduction of OIBA began at -900 mV.
Ti and Pt electrodes were also chosen as cathodes for electrochemical reduction of OIBA for comparison, as shown in Fig. 1.
But the mechanism of electrochemical reduction reaction of iodobenzoci acids has seldom been reported.
To acquire in situ FTIR data, two hundred interferograms were collected at each potential at a resolution 8 cm-1.
During the cathodic potential sacnning, the reduction of OIBA began at -900 mV.
Ti and Pt electrodes were also chosen as cathodes for electrochemical reduction of OIBA for comparison, as shown in Fig. 1.
Online since: April 2012
Authors: Feng Ying Ma
Therefore the EFT/B of data port was restrained markedly with wavelet filtration.
Coordinative effect of EMI power and wavelet filter resulted in reduction of false alarms.
Because the explosion-proof enclosure of the electric equipments and the shielding of leads could not be opened up, the measure data was not precise.
The Haar and Daubechies wavelets were suit for real-time noise reduction because they were compactly supported and orthogonal.
Therefore the EMI of data port was restrained EFT/B markedly with the wavelet analysis.
Coordinative effect of EMI power and wavelet filter resulted in reduction of false alarms.
Because the explosion-proof enclosure of the electric equipments and the shielding of leads could not be opened up, the measure data was not precise.
The Haar and Daubechies wavelets were suit for real-time noise reduction because they were compactly supported and orthogonal.
Therefore the EMI of data port was restrained EFT/B markedly with the wavelet analysis.
Online since: June 2018
Authors: Min Seok Kang, Bong Mook Lee, Veena Misra
This improvement can be attributed to the effective removal of unreacted metal-organic precursors, active traps, and broken bonds in the ALD SiO2 dielectrics as well as reduction in interface state density at SiC/SiO2 interface.
It is well known that the subthreshold swing is directly related to the interface state density [9] so the steep slope obtained from the Sample #5 indicates the reduction of interface state density at the SiC/SiO2 interface resulting in the enhancement of the channel mobility.
These improvements can be explained by the fact that the multiple deposition with multiple anneal effectively suppresses electron traps by removing unreacted metal-organic precursors from the SiO2 ALD process as well as passivates SiC/SiO2 interface resulting in the reduction interface trap density (Dit).
The information, data, or work presented herein was funded in part by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), U.S.
It is well known that the subthreshold swing is directly related to the interface state density [9] so the steep slope obtained from the Sample #5 indicates the reduction of interface state density at the SiC/SiO2 interface resulting in the enhancement of the channel mobility.
These improvements can be explained by the fact that the multiple deposition with multiple anneal effectively suppresses electron traps by removing unreacted metal-organic precursors from the SiO2 ALD process as well as passivates SiC/SiO2 interface resulting in the reduction interface trap density (Dit).
The information, data, or work presented herein was funded in part by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), U.S.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Dan Wei Pi, Quan Bin Liao, Zhong Xu Dai, Dan Liu, Fa Hua Li
Then, energy conservation and emissions reduction can be achieved when the technological process is used.
It is not only a big loss to the manufacturers, also is not in conformity with the green chemical "reduce material consumption, waste reduction, recycling and harmless" in today's advocates of globalization green economy background[1-3].
In order to make full use of waste, energy conservation and emissions reduction, and achieve the unity of the economic benefits, social benefits and environmental benefits [5], sodium acetate has been separated and recycled in waste liquid from production by the process of precipitation, filtration, washing, concentration, crystallization and recrystallization and drying.
Figure 1, The separation process of sodium acetate Table 1, The testing indicators of sodium acetate tri-hydrate samples The test items Testing data GB/T 693-1996 Chemically pure standard CH3COONa·3H2O, [%] 98.5 ~ 99 ≥ 98.0 pH( 50 g/L, 25℃) 7.8 ~ 8.3 7.5 ~ 9.0 Clarity test qualified qualified Water-insoluble, [%] 0.003 ~ 0.005 ≤ 0.005 Chloride (C1-), [%] 0.0023 ~ 0.0029 ≤ 0.003 Sulfate (SO42-), [%] 0.0044 ~ 0.0050 ≤ 0.005 Phosphate [PO43-), [%] 0.0003 ~ 0.0005 ≤ 0.0005 Al3+, [%] 0.0008 ~ 0.0010 ≤ 0.001 Ca2+, [%] 0.0035 ~ 0.005 ≤ 0.005 Fe2+, [%] 0.0003 ~ 0.0005 ≤ 0.0005 Cu2+, [%] 0.0007 ~ 0.0009 ≤ 0.001 Pb2+, [%] 0.0009 ~ 0.0010 ≤0.001 In the mother liquor, the content of organic colored impurity was less.
It is not only a big loss to the manufacturers, also is not in conformity with the green chemical "reduce material consumption, waste reduction, recycling and harmless" in today's advocates of globalization green economy background[1-3].
In order to make full use of waste, energy conservation and emissions reduction, and achieve the unity of the economic benefits, social benefits and environmental benefits [5], sodium acetate has been separated and recycled in waste liquid from production by the process of precipitation, filtration, washing, concentration, crystallization and recrystallization and drying.
Figure 1, The separation process of sodium acetate Table 1, The testing indicators of sodium acetate tri-hydrate samples The test items Testing data GB/T 693-1996 Chemically pure standard CH3COONa·3H2O, [%] 98.5 ~ 99 ≥ 98.0 pH( 50 g/L, 25℃) 7.8 ~ 8.3 7.5 ~ 9.0 Clarity test qualified qualified Water-insoluble, [%] 0.003 ~ 0.005 ≤ 0.005 Chloride (C1-), [%] 0.0023 ~ 0.0029 ≤ 0.003 Sulfate (SO42-), [%] 0.0044 ~ 0.0050 ≤ 0.005 Phosphate [PO43-), [%] 0.0003 ~ 0.0005 ≤ 0.0005 Al3+, [%] 0.0008 ~ 0.0010 ≤ 0.001 Ca2+, [%] 0.0035 ~ 0.005 ≤ 0.005 Fe2+, [%] 0.0003 ~ 0.0005 ≤ 0.0005 Cu2+, [%] 0.0007 ~ 0.0009 ≤ 0.001 Pb2+, [%] 0.0009 ~ 0.0010 ≤0.001 In the mother liquor, the content of organic colored impurity was less.