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In a more recent study, Humphrey et al. [2] stated that approximately 40,000 distillation units installed in the USA use 1.2 million barrels of crude oil daily.
The WAR algorithm was first introduced by Hilaly et al. [12].
Later Young et al
The potential environmental impacts (PEI) of each alternative are evaluated using the waste reduction (WAR) algorithm Young et al. [13].
G., Hernandez-Castro, S., & El- Halwagi, M.

Xu et al. [22] described the effect of tool pin on the mechanical properties of welded joint made with Al2219 alloy.
Vijay et al. [24] conducted welding with a square geometry and achieved a better tensile property as compared with other pin tools.
[for instance, Adel et al, 2012 [13]; Elangovan et al, 2009 [29]; Padmanaban and Balasubramanian, 2009 [30].
El-Sayed Seleman, D.
Heidarzadeh, Advances in FSW and FSSW of dissimilar Al-alloy plates, J.

The XRD analysis showed (Table 2) that the precipitates are γ''-Ni3Nb and γ'-Ni3(Al, Ti) phases with total volume fraction of 10 %.
The XRD analysis showed (Table 2) that the precipitates are γ'-Ni3Al, γ''-Ni3Nb, γ'-Ni3 (Al,Ti) and δ-Ni3Nb with total volume fraction of 32,7 %.
[6] Wang Z. et al.
[7] Amato K.N. et al.
[8] Nader El-Bagoury et al. 

Zhang, et al: Ch.
El-Tayeb, B.F.
Zeng, et al: J.
Zeng, et al: Appl.
Zeng, et al: Appl.

Fig.1　 Principle of ion imprinting with metal-ions as template [Zhu et al.
Fan et al
Zhang et al. [21] have prepared a magnetic chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)/Ni(Ⅱ) beads by blending CTS, PVA, Ni(Ⅱ), and Fe3O4.
Wang et al. [22] prepared a kind of magnetic and ion imprinting chitosan spheres which were able to selectively absorb Cd2+ ions.
El-Tahera, H.M.H.

Yang et al. [7] modified Lai's model to four-spring model.
A very similar model was developed by Meyer et al. [10].
Taucer et al. [16] and Spacone et al. [1] extended the method to the formulation of a fiber beam-column element.
Petrangeli et al
Benuska, and E.L.

Yacob et al. [11] examined the flow of nanofluid past a stretching/shrinking surface beneath an external uniform shear flow with a convective surface boundary condition.
Nourazar et al. [13] employed the homotopy perturbation method to analyze the MHD nanofluid flow over a horizontal stretching plate whilst Ferdows et al. [14] extended the work to include radiation and porosity.
Recently, Rawi et al. [23] reported the effects of G-Jitter on mixed convection flows of nanofluid past an inclined stretching surface with copper, copper oxide, aluminum oxide and silver as nanoparticles and water as the based fluid.
Khan et al., [24] investigated the effects of spraying MHD thin film nanofluid containing copper oxide (CuO) and aluminum oxide nanoparticles with water as the base fluid on a stretching cylinder with heat transfer.
Mohamed El-Sayed, Entropy Generation on MHD Casson Nanofluid Flow over a Porous Stretching/Shrinking Surface, Entropy 2016, 18(123), Doi:10.3390/e18040123 [22] S.D.

Yang et al [3] investigated the cutting eccentrics of S45C steel with tungsten carbide tool using orthogonal array, signal to noise ratio and ANOVA.
Gillibrand et al [4] justified the economic benefits of machining with coated carbide tools when compared with uncoated carbide tools.
Kazancoglu et al [5] revealed the importance on proper selection of input parameters to attain higher material removal rate and fine surface finish.
Escalona et al [7] revealed the information on surface characteristics of turned stainless steel by the help of built-up edge concept.
El- Baradie, Tool life prediction model by design of experiments for turning high strength steel, J.

Holladay et al.: Catalysis Today Vol. 139 (2009), p. 244
Lee et al.: J.
El Sayed Ali and O.T.
Sorensen et al.: J.
Yan et al.: Materials Letters Vol. 60 (2006), p. 3605

El-Refaie et al., “Comparison of traction motors that reduce or eliminate rare-earth materials,” in Energy Conversion Congr. and Expo.
Kreitlein et al., “Strategies and Methods for the Energy Efficient Production of Electric Motors,” in Proc.
El-Refaie, S.
Bach et al., Messung von Ressourceneffizienz mit der ESSENZ-Methode.
Kolb et al., “Laser Beam Melting Of NdFeB For The Production Of Rare-Earth Magnets,” in 6th Int.