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In this study only the phases of materials and production were considered in the system’s boundary (cradle-to-gate) that is the most used in LCA studies of concrete [4].
In this phase of the material characterization, one can state that the concrete with fly ash incorporated may be classified as an eco-material (eco-concrete) considering that the environmental issues that are minimized are waste reduction, reduce of landfill problems and resource saving by the utilization of recycled materials.
These benefits are reflected in two of the life cycle steps, namely the extraction of materials (resources) and in the eco-concrete manufacturing.
Coelho: Life cycle assessment (LCA) applied to the manufacturing of common and ecological concrete: A review, Construction and Building Materials 124 (2016) 656-666
Wang, various authors: A review of life cycle assessment of recycled aggregate concrete, Construction and Building Materials 209 (2019) 115-125

At present, there are some research institutions using polymer materials to fabricate CMUT and have made some progress.
Polymer materials have the characters of good elasticity, not easy to break and large dynamic range etc..
SU-8 has a smaller reflection coefficient than that of other materials, and the acceptance rate is much higher, so it is an ideal material for capacitive acoustic transducers.
Journal of Tianjin University, 2008, 41(1):17-20
Journal of Aerospace Engineering，2003,16(2):76-84

Mycelium composites (MC) are ecologically safe materials, well suited for the short-life usage as packaging materials.
Materials MC Substrate, Compost.
John, Waste-derived low-cost mycelium composite construction materials with improved fire safety, Fire and Materials, 2018, (42) 816-825
Bajare, Novel Mycelium-Based Biocomposites (MBB) as Building Materials, Journal of Renewable Materials, 2020, 8(9), 1067-1076
John, Engineered mycelium composite construction materials from fungal biorefineries: A critical review, Materials & Design, 2020, Vol 187, 108397

Biodegradable polymers are one of the most commonly used 3D printing materials due to their favorable physiochemical properties.
Materials and Methods 2.1 Materials PolyLactic Acid (PLA) filament was used as the main scaffold material, IBS paste ingredients including hydroxyapatite powder from cattle bone comes from hospital tissue bank dr.
Materials & Design, 2021, (205):109712. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127521002641?
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 2022, 132: 105290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105290 [17] Lee, S.
Journal of materials research and technology. 2022, 18:3215-3226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.04.014 [27] Putra, A.

Gurson model [3] analyzes plastic flow in a porous medium assuming that materials behave as a continuum.
Gurson: Journal of Engineering Material and Technology Vol. 99 (1977), pp. 2-15 [4] G.
Wilsforf: Materials Science and Engineering Vol. 59 (1983), pp. 1-19 [8] Jr.
Knott: Metal Science Vol. 14 (1980), pp, 327-336 [10] V.
Brocks: Fatigue and Fracture Engineering Materials and Structures Vol. 25 (2002), pp. 363-384

These materials have been tremendous research to be used as nano reinforcement materials to produce nanocomposites.
Materials, Vol 3(4), pp 2884–2946
Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol 3 (4), pp 1442–1449
Journal of Thermoplastics Composites Materials, Vol 21, pp 141–163
Material Science Engineering A, Vol 393 (1–2), pp 1-11.

Abstract One of the most used calcium phosphate implant materials in bone tissue regeneration is synthetic hydroxyapatite, which is similar to mineral phase of bone.
Materials and methods Synthesis of HAp/Ag.
In the case of silver-containing materials no bacterial cells were observed in long term SBF experiments, approving the antibacterial activity of scaffolds.
Gumusderelioglu, Bone-like hydroxyapatite precipitated from 10xSBF-like solution by microwave irradiation, Materials science & engineering.
C, Materials for biological applications, 49 (2015) 713-719.

Introduction Deep-ultraviolet (DUV) laser is often applied to micro-fabrication of nonmetal materials because the materials strongly absorb the laser beam.
Silica glass and diamond-like materials are representatives of the materials hard to machine.
However, development of 157nm laser technology opens new opportunities for micromachining those materials.
Conclusions Deep-UV laser with 157nm wavelength is conducted into micromachining of wide band-gap materials.
References [1] S.Harry,M.James,J.Peter et al:Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology,Vol.15(2002), pp.569-576

Due to these unusual mechanical and physical properties, nano- or micro-structures materials are currently attracting a great deal of attention.
And grain refining by severe plastic deformation makes it possible to produce bulk materials with fine grain structure.
This makes a rapid increasing of dislocation density of metal materials. 3.
Hong, Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol. 130-131(2002), p.497 [5] J.
Gottster, et.al: Materials Science and Engineering Vol. 387-389 (2004), P. 266

The influence of a rotating magnetic field on the sample with magnetizable materials near the vessel bottom Daria Pelevina1,a∗, Vladimir Turkov1,b, Sergey Kalmykov1,c and Vera Naletova1,d Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory, 119992, Moscow, Russia apelevina.daria@gmail.com, bturkov@imec.msu.ru, ckalmykov.sergei@gmail.com, dnaletova@imec.msu.ru Keywords: Magnetic fluid drop, body with magnetizable polymer, rotating magnetic field, translational motion.
All results of this paper is presented for the field rotated clockwise.Table 1: Properties of magnetizable materials Material Carrier medium Material of Density Saturation Initial particles [kg/m3] magnetization, [kA/m] susceptibility MF EFH1 light hydrocarbon magnetite 1210 31.8 1.89 MP silicone rubber nickel 3600 394 4.39 The motion of the MF drop In the experiments the MF drop with volume V0 = 14.2 mm3 is placed in the vessel, filled with a mixture of glycerol and water in equal proportions by volume.
Morozov, Rotation of a droplet in a viscous fluid, Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics 85 (4) (1997) 728-733
Richter, Rolling ferrofluid drop on the surface of a liquid, New Journal of Physics 10 (2008) 063029
Dikansky, Motion of a deformable drop of magnetic fluid on a solid surface in a rotating magnetic field, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science. 39 (2012), 265-268.