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These materials have luminescence due to 4fN-4fN and 4fN-4fN-15d electron transition [2].
In glass materials, neodymium oxide has been used for several purposes.
Cone, Photonic materials and devices progress in relating rare-earth ion 4f and 5d energy levels to host bands in optical materials for hole burning, quantum information and phosphors, J.
Materials Letters, 57 (2003) 2095– 2098
Maghanemi, Upconversion Luminescence Study of Er3+ in Gadolinium-Calcium-Silicoborate Glasses, Advanced Materials Research, 770 (2011) 249-253

Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science, WCECS, 20-22, San Francisco, USA, (2010)
Ward, Effect of heat treatment and cooling rate on the microscopic structure of portland cement clinker, Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, 26, 49-64, (1941)
Ranade, Rotary cement kiln simulator (RoCKS): Integrated modeling of pre-heater, Journal of Calciner, Kiln and Clinker Cooler, Chemical Engineering Science, 62 (9), 2590-2607, (2007)
Xie, Optimization and simulation of sinter cooling process, CIESC Journal, 62 (11), 3081-3087, (2011)
Wu, Investigating the general mathematics model of gas-solid heat transfer in the cooling process of high-temperature clinker and sintered material, Energy for Metallurgical Industry, 29 (2), 27-30.clinker .

Materials and methods Sequence data.
Journal of molecular evolution Vol.62(2006), p.551-563
Journal of General Virology Vol.81(2000),p. 2313-2325
Journal of virology Vol. 64(1990), p.4264-4273
The Journal of veterinary medical science/the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science Vol. 63(2001),p. 609-618

However, none of them are practically successful because of the complicated fabrication processes and/or high materials/processing costs.
Based on this structure, light emission is realized by adding a zinc oxide (ZnO) layer as the light emitting material.
The HEES itself consists of 3 layers of materials (Fig.1a): an n-doped single crystal Si substrate, a layer of heavily n-doped polycrystalline Si (~1×1019 cm-3) and a very thin layer (6-12 nm) of Si dioxide (SiO2) formed by wet-oxidation of polycrystalline Si.
Acknowledgments The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Nanyang Technological University Singapore, especially to Professor Wong Chee Cheong for the strong support in experiments.
Arakawa, “Hybrid p-n junction light-emitting diodes based on sputtered ZnO and organic semiconductors”, Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 95, 2009 [6] Zhuxi Fu, Bixia Lin, Changxin Guo, Guihong Liao, “The characteristics of luminescence of zinc oxide thin films”, Chinese Journal of Semiconductors, Vol 20, 1999 [7] A.

.,4976 Nomuraminami-machi Shunan city,Yamaguchi 746-8666,Japan 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan an93558@nisshin-steel.co.jp, Keywords: Yield　strength, Grain refinement strengthening, Hall-Petch relation, Grain boundary segregation, Carbon, Chromium, Ferritic steel Abstract.
However, it should be noted that the materials used for this investigation contain small amount of carbon (12~16ppm).
Experimental procedure Table 1 is the list of materials used in this investigation.
The sample Fe-17%Cr was used as referential materials to investigate the effect of solute carbon.
[3] T.Takeuchi: Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 8 (1969), pp. 320-328

When collecting dust in this atmosphere, the infiltration of liquid matter including water or oil will deteriorate the filter materials and the chemical composition will attack all the materials with which it come into contact, reducing the filter life [[] Information on ttp://www.seas.columbia.edu/earth/wtert/sofos/nawtec/1990-National-Waste-Processing-Conference/1990-National-Waste-Processing-Conference-18.pdf ].
Experiment Materials.
They were impregnated into padding liquor containing fluoropolymer and acrylic resin[[] H.Shao, J.Y.Sun, W.D.Meng et al: Textile research Journal.
After about an hours later, the filter media also can provide an hydrophobicity which can prevent the moist from infiltration of dust cake, causing a high pressure resistance to air laden with fine dust[[] B.H.Park, M.Lee, S.B.Kim et al: Applied surface Science.
Acknowledgements We are grateful to the Nonwoven R&D Center for financial support and the Jiangsu Oriental Filter Bag CO., Ltd for the materials.

Materials and Methods Smartphone-Based FTS Design.
Manzini, “Traceability of food products: General framework and experimental evidence,” Journal of Food Engineering, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 347–356, Jul. 2007, doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2006.10.032
Ip, “A radio frequency identification and sensor-based system for the transportation of food,” Journal of Food Engineering, vol. 101, no. 1, pp. 120–129, Nov. 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2010.06.020
Marvin, “Internet of Things in food safety: Literature review and a bibliometric analysis,” Trends in Food Science & Technology, vol. 94, pp. 54–64, Dec. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.11.002
Bhattacharya, “Internet of Things and smart sensors in agriculture: Scopes and challenges,” Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, vol. 14, p. 100776, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100776

China *Corresponding author: zhujh@scu.edu.cn Keywords: Pulsed holography, Holographic recording material, Photopolymer, Photosensitivity, diffraction efficiency, Pre-illumination.
Experimental setup for angular multiplexing holographic storage Fig. 4 gives the experimental results of angular multiplexing storage, three images are stored at the same location of photopolymer material.
Acknowledgement This work was supported by the NSAF of China (Grant No. 11176019), and partially supported by the Science and Technology Foundation of China Academy of Engineering Physics (Grant No. 2011A0401004).
Belendez, Direct analysis of monomer diffusion times in polyvinyl/acrylamide Materials,Appl.
Li, The enhancement of pulse holographic recording characteristics of green-sensitive photopolymer, Laser Journal, 33(2012), 15-17.

Use of hydrogen as a temporary alloying element in Ti alloys is an attractive approach to improve the mechanical properties of the materials, enhance processability and thereby reduce manufacturing costs.
Introduction Titanium-based products are generally characterized by high manufacturing costs due to the poor machinability of the materials.
Froes: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Vol. 24 (1999), p. 565-576
Yolton: Technical Report AFWAL-TR-80-4038, (Air Force Materials Laboratory, Ohio 1980)
Li, et al. in: The international Conference on Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies (Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain 2008).

The main materials used today are indium-tin oxide, tin-antimony oxide and zinc-aluminum oxide.
Thin films have unique properties (not typical for bulk materials) that arise as a result of the atomic growth process, size effects (including quantum size effects).
Kuo, Rapid synthesis of tin oxide decorated carbon nanotube nanocomposities as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, J.
Tabata, Fluorine doped tin dioxide thin films prepared by chemical vapor deposition, Journal of Applied Physics, 68 (8) (1990) 4282–4285
[17] Timur Zinchenko, Ekaterina Pecherskaya and Dmitriy Artamonov, The properties study of transparent conductive oxides (TCO) of tin dioxide (ATO) doped by antimony obtained by spray pyrolysis, AIMS Materials Science, 6(2) (2019) 276–287.