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On one hand, FGA-4100 Automotive emission analyzer was used to detect emissions under different working conditions and record HC, CO, CO2 and NO concentration.On the other hand,Semi automatic vertical filter paper smoke agent was used to meter the smoke,as the following figure.1.Diesel engine performance parameters are shown in table 2.
Table 1 Test used bio-diesel and China's 0# diesel oil Performance Parameters Performance parameter Bio-diesel 0#diesel oil Flash point[℃] ≥ 63℃ 55 Density[g/cm3] 0.85-0.87 0.8379 Acid value[pH] ≤ 0.6 ≤ 7 Cetane number[CN] ≥ 46 45 Copper corrosion <1 1 Test engine Test bench 系统 Escape-pipe Fuel tank Fuel consumption meter Dynamo-meter Smoke meter Automobile exhaust analyzer Fig.1 Test device layout Table 2 YC6A220C Yuchai Engine's Major Parameters Item Value Type YC6A220C Air inlet Waste turbocharged intercooler Piston displacement[L] 6.871 Compression ratio 17.5:1 Minimum fuel consumption rate /[g·（kW·h）-1]
Tabel 3 Emissions performance comparison between bio-diesel and ordinary diesel oil Item The average test data 25% 25% 50% 50% 75% 75% 90% 90% 100% 100% Load Load Load Load Load Load Load Load Load Load Fuel oil varieties Diesel oil Bio- diesel Diesel oil Bio- diesel Diesel oil Bio- diesel Diesel oil Bio- diesel Diesel oil Bio-diesel Environment temperature[℃] 29.9 29.8 30 29.8 29.9 30 29.9 30 30 30 Humidity[%] 75 76 75 75 75 76 76 76 76 76 Oil temperature[℃] 29.2 29.2 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.4 29.4 Engine speed[ r/min] 1499 1499 1499 1499 1499 1499 1499 1499 1499 1499 Torsion[kg·m] 267.4 265.4 535.0 534.3 801.3 801.0 962.6 961.5 1067.6 1067.2 Power[kW] 40.6 40.0 80.8 80.2 120.4 120.4 144.5 144.1 161.2 160.1 Fuel consumption rate[ g/kW·h] 250.1 262.9 245.2 253.9 243.6 250.3 232.1 238.2 225.5 233.1 NOx[ppm] 157 137 208 171 295 241 531 451 479 421 pM[Rb] 1.2 1.16 1.2 1.17 1.22 1.18 1.32 1.27 1.28 1.19 PM temperature[℃] 355 339.5 384 370.5 390.6 380.1 402.3 394.7 415.6
Conclusion 1 When using bio-diesel,effective fuel consumption is higher than that of ordinary diesel oil. 2 The experiment on The YC6A220C type diesel engine shows that using bio-diesel has a good effect on saving energy and protecting the environment.
References [1] Shan bao-ming and Xia li.Research progress of bio diesel fuel.Shandong Chemical Industry.2008, 37(1): 19-23

For the purpose of analyzing the mechanism of ohmic contact between SiC and different metals, the metals on every sample surface were removed by hot HNO3:HCl=1:3, X ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and auger electron spectrum (AES) were measured, respectively.
Results and discussion Based on transmission line method (TLM), the resistances between every two electrodes for different samples were plotted in Fig.1, and the specific contact resistance (rC) were calculated according to the formula given below: （1） in which 2RC was the vertical intercept, 2LT was the horizontal intercept, and Z was the designed electrodes’ width, respectively.
Fig.1 Change of resistances between electrodes with different distances For every sample, the XPS measurement was carried out for two times before and after a Ar+ ion cleaning for 5 min on sample surface.
The XPS spectrum of the Ti/Ni/Au/n-4H-SiC sample was given in Fig.2, and the energy diffraction spectrum (EDS) listed in table 1.
References [1] Yang S J, Kim C K, Noh I H,et al: Dimond and Related Materials.

Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe Nanocomposite Prepared by HDDR Combined with Mechanical Milling Hu Lianxi 1,a , Wang Erde 1, Guo Bin 1, Shi Gang1 1 School of Mater.
The ball to powder weight ratio was 20:1.
Fig.1 shows the Mössbauer spectra of the starting and as-milled alloy powders.
References [1] R.
Forum, 475-479(2005) : 2185~2188 [11] Shi Gang, Hu Lianxi, Wang Erde, J.

Simulation computes gives that the heat recover plays the important action for increases exergy utilization efficiency of GHP system, especially at combined heating and electricity operational models, and the rules of heat recollection ratio and heat recollection temperature to exergy utilization efficiency of CHCP system were provided. 1.
It is one of the main directions of the distribute type energy development,as in [1-3].
Fig.1: Exergy connection of the system of gas engine-driven heat pump combined cooling heating & power The system of gas engine-driven heat pump is constituted by two parts, the one is the system of steam compressed heat pump that driven by gas engine, it constituted by unsealed compresser, engine, evaporator, condenser and throttle; The other is the system of generate electricity that driven by gas engine.
References [1] Du jianyi, Wang yun, Xu jianzhong, The development and utilizing of distributed energy system and subminiature gas engine[J], engineering hot physics paper , Vol.25 No 5,2004：786-788 [2] V.
Havelsky Energetic efficiency of cogeneration systems for combined heat, cold and power production [J] International Journal of Refrigeration 22 (1999) 479-485

Fig. 1 illustrates a TEG with such a design.
Fig. 1 schematic illustration of a thermoelectric generator.
The Dr Sinter 1020 SPS [1] was used in this study.
References [1] K.A.
Forum Vol. 475-479 (2005), pp. 1555

In order to obtain the PS microspheres film of high-density single-layer arrangement, four different concentration of PS microspheres solution were prepared, the mass fraction of PS microspheres is 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1% respectively.
When mass fraction was more than 1.0%, the second-layer film began to form above the single-layer film, the gap will exist in case of mass fraction less than 1%.
References [1] Y.
IEEE Conference Publishing Vol.978(2010),P.479 [7] S.
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects Vol.219(2003), P.1 [10] Y.

Introduction The magnetostriction of <110> alignment Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe2 alloy can reach 1600×10-6 at the magnetic field of 40 kA/m and under the stress of 15 MPa [1], having potential application as actuators and sensors.
Fig. 1 shows X-ray diffraction patterns of Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe2 crystals.
Compared with the powder diffraction pattern of Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe2 (Fig.1 (a)), the diffraction peaks of (220) and (440) crystalline planes from the transverse section of directional solidified rod (Fig.1 (b)) are much higher than those of the other planes.
References [1] B.W.
Forum Vol. 475-479 (2005), p. 2251 [2] X.

The flexible data transfer module and wide application provide more convenience. 1 Hardware Design of Instrument The recorder is mainly made up of MSP430 SCM, data acquisition module, data display module, data memory module, USB module.
The gross structure of the recorder is as shown in figure 1.
After the recorder is reset, firstly the SCM is started by DCO_CLK to ensure that crystal oscillator has enough initial and stabilization time, thus the system can work stably [1]. 1.2 Data Acquisition Module The instrument uses digital temperature-humidity sensor SHT71 to detect temperature and humidity.
References [1] Shen Jianhua, Yang Yanqin, in: Principle and application of MSP430 16 bits ultra-low power single chip microcomputer [M].
[6] Zhao Xiaoshun, Liu Shuxia, in: Intelligent network temperature and humidity measuring system based on USB interface [J], Proceedings of 2007 International Conference on Agriculture Engineering, 2007, (10):475-479.

Therefore, the PWM rectifiers as the core of an AC-DC conversion system are adopted[1].
System Analysis and Instantaneous Power Modeling Figure 1 shows a single-phase voltage-fed full-bridge PWM rectifier.
(1) (2) Where, we set θ=ωt.Our control objective isθ-φ=0 and DC link voltage stable.
References [1]Chongwei Zhang, Xing Zhang, PWM Rectifier and Control, China Machine Press, Beijing 2003.
On Industry Applications, vol.34, no.3, (1998)473-479

Intorduction To separate copper and arsenic is difficult in mineral processing，and it is a big problem to remove arsenic from the procedure in production of the non-ferrous metal, also difficult to make the arsenic innocent and recycle[1].
Removal of Fe3+ from bacterial leaching solution Table1 shows that Fe3+ extraction results of leaching solution at the third stage.Under the conditions of extraction temperature at 25°C, phase ratio at 1:1, aqueous pH at 1, concentration of P204 in kerosene being 30%(φ), and 3-step extraction, The results indicated that Fe3+ is extracted up to 77%~93% at the first step, Cu and As are hardly extracted, and the content of Fe3+ in raffinate is in the range of 0.007~0.16 g/L at the second step, finally it is under 9 mg/L.
Conclusions It can be summarized from the experimental results above that: (1) the results showed that Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans are suitable for bioleaching of the high-arsenic copper sulfide concentrate.
References [1] Wei Li: China Mining Magazine.
China , J. 18(2008) 474~479 [7] Zhongwei Jin，Zhenhua Shi，Zuxiong Zhang: CHINA WOOD INDUSTRY, J. 4(2004) 34 [8] Helsen Lieve, Eric Van den Bulck: Environmental Pollution, J. 134 (2005)301-314