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Introduction In automobile industry, aviation, and 3C fields industry, magnesium alloys have wide application prospects, and it has known as the 21 century green engineering materials [1].
Numerical simulation of thermal stress in cast billets made of AZ31 magnesium alloy during direct-chill casting, Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 2008: 1
Zhang, M.B.Yang, Numerical simulation of thermal stress in cast billet made of AZ31 magnesium alloy during direct-chill casting, Journal of manufacturing processes. 2008：1-3
[5] Huey-Jiuan Lin, Modeling of flow and heat transfer in metal feeding system used in twin roll casting, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University, Taiwan. 2004: 2-4 [6] A.A.
Ding, Twin-roll casting of the magnesium alloy researching and thing, Materials Review. 2005.8: 2-3

Experimental Materials.
YU,etal: Research on the Property of New Tricot Invisible Curtain Fabric.Journal of Donghua University,Vol.27, (2010), p. 863-868
Wang:Design of new full light shading curtain fabric, Shanghai textile science & technology,Vol.38, (2010), p. 48-49
Tang: Effect of Color on Optical Properties of New-type Invisible Warp-knitted Curtain Fabric.Advanced Materials Research ,Vol.391-391(2012), p. 511-516
Gao ,F.M.Wang:Testing light shielding properties of fabrics,Journal of Textile Research .Vol 32,(2011), p. 71-76

And this can reduce material and oxide skin.
When temperatures of journal and crank arm are almost same, they drop together. 3.
Because of the increasing distance between position and crank hole, heat quantity reduces on the material near crank hole.
Numerical Simulation of Induction Heating Process for Shrink Fitting Based on ANSYS Software[J].Journal of Shanghai Electric Technology.2009,2(3):38-39
Jiangsu University of Science And Technology.2011

Ultrasound Imaging Using Spatial Domain Phase Information Liu Yanga, Chunguang Xu, Xinliang Li, Ye Huang Key laboratory of Fundamental Science for Advanced Machining, Beijing Institute of Technology，Beijing, 100081, China.
Most of the ultrasonic tomography is in transmission mode [10-12], but in the case of hard tissues or other sound impenetrable materials, this would result in no signal on the receiving side, so reflection mode imaging [13, 14] is a good alternative under this circumstance.
Polyurethane is one of the most valuable medical synthetic materials.
Marmarelis: Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine Vol. 27 (2008), p. 435-451
Nelson: Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine Vol. 31 (2012), p. 1389-1404

Introduction : Refractory metals due to their high melting points and high creep resistance, are candidate materials for many high temperature aerospace components in general and for propulsion systems in particular.
Despite their high melting temperatures, refractory metals readily oxidize at moderate temperatures which have restricted their use also as high temperature materials [6].
References : [1] X.P.Guo, L.M.Gao, P.Guan, K.Kusaburaki, H.Z.Fu, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of an Advanced Niobium Based Ultrahigh Temperature Alloy, Materials Science Forum 539–543 (2000) 3690-3695
Sinha, Investigation of cracks generated in Columbium alloy (C-103) sheets during deep drawing operation, Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention 10(3) (2010) 228-232
[5] R.K.Gupta, B.R.Ghosh, V.Anil Kumar, M.K.Karthikeyan, P.P.Sinha, Investigation on cracks generated during Flow Forming of Nb-Hf-Ti alloy sheet, Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention 7(6) (2007) 424-428

Mechanical properties of sleeve-ring component materials.
The same composite materials have been used.
Results for different materials of the sleeve-ring component with SMA strips.
Wayman: Shape Memory Materials (University Press Cambridge, Cambridge 1998)
Wolons: Journal of Smart Material Structures Vol. 8 (1999), p. 49-56 [4] C.A.

The creep deformation of engineering materials at elevated temperatures has received significant attention for many years [2-5].
Power function of time addressed by Findley[20,21] can be adopted to precisely predict the creep behavior of some materials and composites.
Acknowledgements The authors are grateful for the help of the Center for Nanotechology, Materials Science, and Microsystems at National Tsing-Hua University, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Creep of engineering materials.
American Society for Testings and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 1944

The applications of such “smart” robots not only positioning but also manipulating with defined forces can be found nearly in any area linked with MEMS and NEMS technology, such as metrology, micro- and nanohandling, fabrication, biotechnology, material science and research.
Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 15:259–267, 2005
Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 2000
European Conference on Mechanism Science, EUCOMES, 2010
International Journal on Intelligent Mechanisms and Robots, in press.

Flapping and flexible wings for biological and micro air vehicles, Progress in Aerospace Sciences 35 (1999) 455-505
AIAA Journal 2008;46(8):2096-2106
Unsteady aerodynamics and flow control for flapping wing flyers, Progress in Aerospace Sciences 39 (2003) 635–681
Journal of the Royal Society Interface (2010) 7:485–497
Journal of Fluids and Structures (2010) 26:544–558

This indicates that the default thermal properties of the materials as well as default thermal boundary conditions might not be accurate enough.
· Default thermal properties of the materials and thermal boundary conditions need to be investigated in detail for an accurate prediction of the material temperature.
Müller, Advanced frictional models for extrusion application, in: Key Engineering Materials 585 (2013) 41-48
Sheppard, EXTRUSION OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS, first edition, Springer Science + Business Media, Dordrecht (1999)
Surface Science and Engineering 4 (2010) 27-41