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Compression Resistance of Polythene Coatings for Welded Joint on Pipeline Chang Du 1, a, Yang Chen 2, b, Ming Li3, c 1North China Institute of Science and Technology, Lang Fang, China 2 Coal Science Research Institute, Bei Jing, China 3 Sinopec Beijing Yanshan Company, Bei Jing, China aduchang0602@163.com, b chenyang471465356@qq.com, c675020918@163.com Key words: polythene coatings for pipeline welded joint, proportion of indentation depth, bursting strength, influence factors Abstract.
With indentation and puncture tests, this article chooses several typical 3PE heat shrinkable sleeve field coating material, characterizes their compression resistance and influence factors by determination on the proportion of indentation depth (PID) and bursting strength.
The effect of the mending material is resisting mechanical damage and isolating media, which is an important part of ensuring the integrity of the coating system.
As the effect of various external shocks during construction and the impact of plant roots in service puncture, the anti-pressure properties of the PE coating must be considered when selecting 3PE heat shrinkable sleeve.
Pressure value select 10MPa load which refers to determination of indentation hardness in GB/T 23257-2009; Given that physical and mechanical properties of polymer materials changes obviously with temperature, this research decides separately test 25℃ at room temperature and 50℃high temperature.

It was also found that the curing conditions of making the composites do not have an obvious effect on the machinability, though the mechanical properties of the materials vary [3].I.
The experimental results indicate that the feed rate and the drill diameter are the most significant factors affecting the thrust force, while the feed rate and spindle speed contribute the most to the surface roughness [5].
Therefore, the experimental scheme was designed with two factors and four levels as shown in Table 1.
Machaly, Factors affecting the machinability of GFR/epoxy composites.
I: Some inherent properties of parameter variation.

Design of experiment was set two factors with three level in each factor and three replication, so the L9 Taguchi’s orthogonal array was applied.
Welding with T-joints can cause distortion due to the thermal properties of the material used.
Welding parameters such as welding current and welding speed greatly affect the distortion and strength of the joint due to it will indirectly affect the heat input received by the material in several investigations [4, 5].
Based on the table, it can be seen that the welding current greatly affects the longitudinal bending distortion.
Yu, et al., Effect of heat treatment process on the mechanical properties of Ti-Al-Sn-Zr-Mo-Si-X series alloys.

Mechanical Vibration 28.
Changes Heating effect on material of metal mesh If we reduce heating effect, then this may avoid expansion caused by heating but may cause material to be heated insufficiently 30: Object-affected harmful factors (Reduce heating effect) 39: Productivity (Material heated insufficiently) *22 Blessing in disguise 35 Parameter Changes 13 The other way round **24 Intermediary/ Mediator Material distorted unevenly Material expand unevenly Impurities in material If we remove the impurities problem, then there will be less misalignment but this incurs higher cost and disrupts production. 30: Object-affected harmful factors (Remove impurities in material) 39: Productivity (Disrupt production) 22 Blessing in disguise 35 Parameter Changes 13 The other way round 24 Intermediary/ Mediator Uneven temperature inside the furnace If we control the heat distribution in the furnace then material expands evenly but some monitoring system need to be used which slow down productivity 17: Temperature
(Controlled heat distribution) 39: Productivity (Slow down productivity) 15 Dynamics 28 Mechanical substitution 35 Parameter Changes Heating effect on semi- processed materials If we reduce heating effect, then this may avoid expansion caused by heating but may cause material to be heated insufficiently 30: Object-affected harmful factors (Reduce heating effect) 39: Productivity (Material heated insufficiently) 22 Blessing in disguise 35 Parameter Changes 13 The other way round 24 Intermediary/ Mediator Vibration of the metal mesh belt Imbalances of the conveyor belt moving mechanism If we remove the imbalances of the moving conveyor mechanism then it will be more stable but the conveyor will be more complicated (high cost). 14: Stability of the object (Remove imbalances) 36: Device Complexity (the conveyor will be more complicated) 2 Taking Out 35 Parameter changes 22 Blessing in Disguise Metal mesh conveyor belt and material have different expansion properties
The fixtures will be designed to fix the semi-processed material from misalignment by preventing the metal mesh conveyor belt from expanding unevenly as well as insulate or counteract the heated air from affecting the metal mesh conveyor belt.
The fixture material should not be affected by heat.

This range of reduction was selected to optimize the mechanical properties of the hot rolled material.
This non-uniform distribution can lead to the formation of uneven grain structures, which may negatively affect the mechanical properties of the material.
With the increase of the number of passes during hot rolling leads to an increase in the mechanical properties of AZ31 alloy, such as tensile strength and hardness.
Therefore, the number of passes must be carefully controlled to balance the desired mechanical properties with the need to maintain ductility and toughness.
Zhu, The effect of Ca and rare earth elements on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of AZ91D, Materials Science and Engineering.

Mechanical Properties of Deformed Interfaces in Bimetallic Joints F.Muktepavela and J.Maniks Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga St., Riga LV-1063, Latvia Keywords: interfaces, plastic deformation, strength properties, metals, eutectic alloys Abstract.
The objective of the present work is to investigate the mechanical properties of interfaces in bimetallic joints obtained under conditions of severe plastic deformations at room temperature by a special cold welding method.
To obtain the interfaces of metals with highly different mechanical properties, the softer metal is located between sheet specimens of a harder metal and separated from both sides by a hard foil.
The strength properties of the bimetallic joints were determined by shear tests.
It has been shown that the mechanical properties of interfaces depend on the nature of metals, adherence, and type of chemical interaction, extent of the preliminary deformation as well as on testing conditions.

Methodology To reduce the number of runs while efficiently exploring the effects of multiple factors and interactions on the output response [1], RSM optimal custom is used [1], this involves two input factors: infill type (IP) and infill density (ID).
Summary of Input Factors and Output Responses.
Ke, “Mechanical properties optimization of poly-ether-ether-ketone via fused deposition modeling,” Materials, vol. 11, no. 2, Jan. 2018, doi: 10.3390/ma11020216
[23] “Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics 1”, doi: 10.1520/D0638-14
Stergiou, “Mechanical Properties Predictive Model of Additive Manufacturing Specimens Using ANFIS,” 2024, doi: 10.20944/preprints202407.0094.v1.

According to the variance analysis, there were some differences between the treatments for all properties analyzed and, by the regression analysis, optimum peat levels were found for all properties analyzed, for some properties these levels were considered inadequate for being superior to the limit stablished.
Clays with low plasticity can be used for the production of ceramic filters, whose porosity is a consequence of the addition of peat, which affects the final properties of the product such as mechanical strength, density, linear shrinkage and water absorption.
As porosity increases, the value of mechanical strength tends to decrease, and it is essential to find a value for which both properties show satisfactory results.
With this content, it would be achieved a great mechanical resistance, however, other properties would be compromised, such as porosity (which would be very low), making it impossible to be used as filters.
Among the optimum levels found, it was not possible to determine a value that acted positively to all properties, because it was observed that a content caused improvements for certain properties as affected negatively the remaining properties.

The low resistance to actuation of corrosion factors is another disadvantage. [7] This paper presents just a part of laboratory testing of project devoted to finding an optimum solidification formula with use of cement for hazardous waste – neutralization sludge – by monitoring a short-term properties of the solidification process product in time and by studying the micro structure of the solidification process product.
Subsequently the identification of waste properties was carried in accordance with Regulation no. 294/2005 .
Very important will be the monitoring of the properties in time because as it was shown in compressive strength monitoring after 28 days and 60 days, that compressive strength decreased with time at most of formulas, which can signify the degradation of some properties of test specimen in time.
[4] MALVIYA, R.; CHAUDHARY, R.: Factors affecting hazardous waste solidification/stabilization: A review, Journal of Hazardous Materials 137. 2006, pp.267-276
Factors affecting hazardous waste solidification/stabilization: A review, J.

Study shows that the cutting speed and feed is an important factor to determine the main cutting force.
Cutting heat affects the physical properties of metal materials as a product of the energy conversion.
Hardened steel has high mechanical strength and fatigue wear resistance, it is widely used in many fields, because of hardened steel cutting performance is poor, so it is hard to obtain accurate cutting force, cutting heat and other important data in the actual machining process.
Using single factor experiment method respectively to change cutting speed and feed rate and the main cutting force data results.
Conclusion Cutting speed increase lead to the main cutting force is reduced, but the influence of cutting speed on cutting force is small.Feeding is not the main factors of influencing the cutting force, but cutting force will increase with the increase of feed.Equivalent stress mainly distributed in the region of the blade, so the blade must to have stronger cutting performance.