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KF-Ni60A Ni-based alloy powder has good weldability property, and KF-Ni60A welding layer has low friction coefficient and good property of wear resistance between metallic hard surface, so it is a kind of good overlaying material that can be applied to the welding process to repair the worn gear surface.
Fig. 3(a) shows that the welding layer is deposited on the substrate and the metallurgical bond layer is formed, it is because that during the process of micro-PAW, the base metal in the plasma arc beam is melted with the filler powder by high energy of plasma arc and form small molten pool, and the powdered material and the base metal bond well after cooling by radiation.
Fig. 5 Microhardness of cross-section Fig. 6 Friction coefficient of layer Fig. 8 Morphology of layer after wearing Fig. 7 Wear rate of layer Acknowledgements This research was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (50735006), Key Basic Research & Development Program of China (2007CB607601) and the National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing Foundation (9140C85020206JS9105).
[J]Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University. 2006, 40(5):568-572
[J]Materials Protection. 1999, 32: 13

Waste frying oil can reduce the cost of raw materials, thus using it to the produce biodiesel is also called waste edible oil renewable fuel in Japan.
Biodiesel development status of China Biodiesel industry developed very late in China, systematic research began in the "85" key project "fuel oil plants research and application technology" of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
They mainly use catering waste oil and the scraps Saponin oil as raw materials, but mostly use the intermittent production process.
In addition, related policies have not yet been developed to promote biodiesel production, sale, use and so on, and relevant policies for the collecting and processing raw materials have not formed a complete system, all of the above seriously restrict the development of biodiesel industry.
Chinese food oil college journal, 2010(02):150-152 [2]MustafaCanakci·Combusion characteristics of a turbocharged di compression ignition engine fueled with petroleum diesel and Fuels and biodiesel [J].Bioresource Technology, 2007, 98(6): 1167-1175

Elastic constants and thermodynamic properties of Cu, Cu2O and CuO from first-principles calculations Nana Liu1,a, Jianlin Sun1,b, Di Wu1 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China aliunana549@yahoo.com.cn, bsjl@ustb.edu.cn Keywords: First-principles, Copper oxides, Elastic constants, Thermodynamic properties Abstract: Elastic constants and some thermodynamic properties of Cu and copper oxides were studied by first-principles total energy calculations.
An accurate description of the elastic and thermodynamic properties for solids is extremely important, because these play significant roles in determining some materials properties.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by Key Projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program (2011BAE23B00).
References [1] Zhenyu Li, Jun Shen, Fuyang Cao and Qingchun Li: Journal of Materials processing Technology Vol. 137(2003), p. 60 [2] W.Y.Ching and Yong-Nian Xu: Phys.
B Vol. 56(1997), p. 7189 [9] Chen Gang and Liao Li-ji: Fundamentals of Crystal Physics (Science Press, Beijing 1992)

Recently, sericin has been gradually applied in many fields such as cosmetics, supplementary food, biomedical materials, membranes and functional fibers.
Experimental Materials.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Provincial Science and Technology Department in China (10040606Q16), Anhui Academic Excellent Young Person Foundation of Anhui Provincial Education Department in China (2010SQRL058) and Young Person Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Agricultural University in Anhui Province of China (2009zd03).
Magaraphan: Reviews on Advanced Materials Science Vol. 5 (2003), p. 193 [3] M.
Lee, et al: Journal of Applied Polymers Science Vol. 80 (2001), p. 274 [6] U.J.

Synthesis of Wood Lignin-Urea-Formaldehyde Resin Adhesive Zhe Wang1, a, Jingwen Xue2,b , Jianbo Qu3,c, Wenxia Liu4,d 1,2,4 Key Laboratory of Paper Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Shandong Polytechnic University, Jinan 250353, China 3 Department of Chemical Engineering, Shandong Polytechnic University, Jinan 250353, China awangzhe200304@163.com, bbadpalxue@163.com, cqujianbo396@126.com, dliuwenxia@spu.edu.cn Keywords: lignin; urea-formaldehyde resin; binding strength; free formaldehyde Abstract.
Lignin is a reproducible natural macromolecule, and the amount of lignin in nature is only the next to cellulose, but lignin has not been fully utilized in the three main components of lignocellulosic materials.
Materials and Methods Materials Alkali lignin was provided by Shandong Tralin Paper Co., Ltd.
Acknowledgment The project was funded through the Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program (J12LF09) and Jinan Youth Star Science and Technology Program (2011-2-0312), National Natural Science Foundation of China (20976099), Shandong Natural Science Foundation (ZR2010CM008).
[2] Feldman D，Banu D，Camoanelli J, “Blends of vinylic copolymer with plasticized lignin: thermal and mechanical properties”, J Appl Polym Sci, 2001, 81 pp 861 [3] Tingda Jiang, “Lignin”, Beijing, Chemical Industry Press, 2001 [4] Huiquan Chen, Yunhuai Gong, “The Situation and Aspect of application for Macromolecule (I)── Cellulose, Lignin and Starch”, Yunnan Chemical Technology, 1996, 11(1) pp 41-45 [5] Yanfang Zhang, Yangqin Zeng, “Preparation of Lignin ModifiedUrea-Formaldehyde Resin”, Journal of Guizhou University of Technology, 2002,(1) pp82-84

Journal of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Natural Science), (2010) NO.2, pp.17-20.
Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 339 (2011), pp.140-143
Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 787 (2013), pp.782-785
Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 787 (2013), pp. 567-571
Mechanical Science and Technology, vol.23, No.5, pp.509-511,552.

Materials and methods Materials.
Environmental Science, 2006, 27 (8): 1682-1686
Water Science Technology,2000,41(3):61-65
Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,2008,105(1):48-54
Environment Science,2006,27:1459-1463

Sizing materials can be saved, and the cost of the sizing process could reduced by 50%.
[5] LU Libin, XU Yingchun, Research on performances of compact spun yarn and ring spun yarn, SHANGHAI TEXTILE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY,2006(4):29-30
[6] WANG Keyi,YU Weidong,Structural characteristics of the Solospun yarn,Journal of Textile Research ,2006，27（6）:23-26.

In order to conquer the disadvantages of conventional acidizing,various special acidizing technology has been developed recent years.For instance, added mud acid into drilling mud is not able to remove the contaminant effectively, especially barium sulphide of drill fluid,however, if added some EDTA into mud acid,this problem can be resolved smoothly.Along with the gradual development of acidizing technology,considering the limitations of mud acid to certain rock and clay,a new acidizing material called nitric powder was developed.When the proportion of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid is 1:3,the mixture will be renamed nitrohydrochloric acid.Nitrohydrochloric acid can dissolve organic material and inanimate matter efficiently,theoretically speaking,this deliquescence may reach 100%，which greatly improved acidizing effect.
HNO3＋3HCl→nitrohydrochloric acid (7) Theoretically,a large amount of heat will generated by the reaction of nitrohydrochloric acid and crud oil,and he most important effect of the heat is the diminution of crud oil,gum and asphaltene and other organic material.Otherwise,we can conclude that the solubility of nitrohydrochloric acid to layer bulkhead is 100%.
Table 6 Clay swelling experiment of reacted acid clear water mud acid nitric acidpowder micro-Emulsified Acid expansion ratio（50℃） [%] 12.7 11.2 2.5 8.9 expansion ratio（70℃） [%] 12.7 11.6 2.0 8.8 Conclusions (1)When the proportion of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid is 1:3,the mixture named nitrohydrochloric acid can dissolve organic material and inanimate matter efficiently,theoretically speaking,this deliquescence may reach 100%，which greatly improved the acidizing effect
Acknowledgement This paper funded by the national natural science funds projects the cationic gemini surfactant oil displacement mechanism research.
[4] Jimei Chen,Liqiang Zhao,Pingli Liu: Evaluation of performances on powder acid and experimental investigation of reaction characteristics with carbonate[J], edtied by Journal Southwest Petroleum institute,2005(02)

Materials and methods N+ implantation.
IEEE Transaction on plasma science, Vol. 28:128-132(2000)
Materials Science and Engineering 54: 49-20(2006)
Plasma Science & Technology,vol. 17(1):2697-26700(2005)
World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology.