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Yamakawa, Stacking fault expansion from basal plane dislocations converted into threading edge dislocations in 4H-SiC epilayers under high current stress, Journal of Applied Physics 114, 014504, 2013
Yamakawa, Demonstration of High Quality 4H-SiC Epitaxial Growth with Extremely Low Basal Plane Dislocation Density, Materials Science Forum, 778-780, pp. 91-94, 2014
Kato, Effects of the ion implantation process on carrier lifetimes in 4H-SiC SJ-MOSFET, 2021 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials (SSDM), online, D-4-07, 2021
Conf. on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials (ECSCRM), Birmingham, UK, MO.04.02, 2018
Tsuchida, Injected carrier concentration dependence of the expansion of single Shockley-type stacking faults in 4H-SiC PiN diodes, Journal of Applied Physics 123, 025707, 2018.

Bauer, Materials Science Forum 924, p. 164 – 167 (2018) [10] T.
Okumura, Journal of Crystal Growth, Volume 433, p 97-104 (2016) [12] Y.N.
Twigg, Journal of Electronic Materials, Vol. 37, No. 5, pp 655-661 (2008) [13] R.
Mikamura, Materials Science Forum 858, pp 840-843 (2016)

Efforts in this direction are very necessary for better understanding the fracture mechanism and the failure process of concrete structures that occur in many areas from material mechanics to earthquake engineering.
In this model, finite elements are used to model behavior of the material up to the ultimate tensile strength while a discrete crack model is implemented through crack opening and separation along edges of finite elements.
The material parameters adopted in our analysis are same as those used in [8] and shown in Table 1.
Acknowledgments The authors would like to acknowledge financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers: 11172321) and Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (grant numbers: 2011JS047).
International Journal of Concrete Mechanics & Mining Sciences. 43 (2006) 236–252

Journal Citation (to be inserted by the publisher) Copyright by Trans Tech Publications The effect of wheat hay on carbon black loaded EPDM composite studied by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy M.H.
Ibrahim 3 1 Physics Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt 2 Physics Department, Faculty of Science, El-Minia University, B.
The availability of large qualities of such fibers with well-defined mechanical properties is a general prerequisite for the successful use of these materials.
Coupled with the growing concern for disposal of agricultural and industrial waste and low cost fillers, considerable studies have been carried out on the utilization of some of these materials as fillers with elastomers and plastics as well as with thermoplastic elastomers.
Experimental set-up The commercial grade of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), Vistalon 5600 is used as a host material.

Solar cells are manufactured from semiconductor materials; that is, materials that act as insulators at low temperatures, but as conductors when energy or heat is available.
In the case of one-dimensional (1) where, εrepresents dielectric constant of material.
[6] ARM Alamoud, HF Ragaie, BA Al-Mashary, ‘Static and dynamic characterization of PN junction solar cells’, Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences: 10(2);183-200
"Numerical Modeling of Textured Silicon Solar Cells Using PC-1D," IEEE Trans. on Electron Devices, ED-37 (2) [10]Basore, P.A., "Essential Elements in the Numerical Modeling of Solar Cells," 4th Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conf

With the emergence of the smart materials and continuously development of its application research, multi-field coupling load environment need facing more seriously.
Acknowledgements During the research of this project，the authors receive the support provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China: 51075345.
Chemical Engineering Science.61 (2006):2186-2190
[8] Zhu Shisha and Sun Hongli, Capture effect of electrorheological suspensions in flow field, The Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, vol.20, (2007):97-101
Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 443 – 444(2012):796-801.

Physical Science, November 28, 2008 from IEEE Xplore. ].
And the acoustic emission elastic wave can reflect material damage status.
IEEE/PES. ].The testing signals of acoustic emission is released from the material itself when it changes such as crack growth, so it can diagnosis the monitoring objects in real time.
Data Real-time Monitoring System Based on Optical Fiber Transmission.Journal of Test and Measurement Technology,Vol.25.No.6.2011 ], and the signal is still very clear.
Acknowledgment The work is financially supported by the Public Service Research project in Quality Inspection (NO.201010031) and the Science and Technology Research project of AQSIQ(No.2010QK410) References

Numerical Simulation of Volcanic Ash Infiltration into Thermal Barrier Coatings Masayuki Arai1,a, Yuta Fukushima2,b and Kiyohiro Ito1,c 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1, Niijyuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8585, JAPAN 2Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1, Niijyuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8585, JAPAN amarai@rs.tus.ac.jp, b4518551@ed.tus.ac.jp, ckiyohiro@rs.tus.ac.jp Keywords: Gas Turbine, Volcanic Ash, CMAS, Finite Element Analysis, Infiltration, Thermal Stress.
Herein, the CMAS infiltration process is numerically simulated based upon the diffusion equation, and the ceramic matrix phase infiltrated by the molten CMAS phase is modeled using a two-phase composite material.
The associated material constants are listed in Table 1.
Fig.2 FE model of cylindrical TBC sample deposited by molten CMAS The material constant for CMAS phase was measured using nano-indenter testing device, and Poisson’s ratio for all layers are assumed to be 0.3, and transformation strain εT is set to be 0.04.
Arai, Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, Vol. 26 (2017), pp.1207–1221

MEMS Bionic Vector Hydrophone Guojun Zhang 1, a, Chenyang Xue 2, b , Jijun Xiong 1, c, Wendong Zhang 1, 2, Xiaoyao Wang1, 2 Linxian Liu1,2 and Xiaoyang Ge 1, 2 1 Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science & Dynamic Measurement, Ministry of Education1 Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi, China 2 Science and Technology on Electronic Test & Measurement Laboratory2 (North University of China) Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi, China aemail:zhangguojun1977@nuc.edu.cn bemail:xuechenyang@nuc.edu.cn, cemail:xiongjijun@nuc.edu.cn Keywords: vector hydrophone; MEMS; bionic structure.
(1)The Sensitivity and Frequency of The Hydrophone Affected by The Material of The Cilia Among the acoustic-electric transducer infrastructure, the cilia play the role of perceiving the sound wave.
Therefore, the geometry of cilia also has certain requirements. 1) Material selection of the cilia According to the results derived from the co-vibration model, the density of the cilia should match the surrounding material (water here) in order to make the cilia vibrate with the acoustic particles Then considering the cilia take a role in transmitting the vibration of acoustic particle, so the glass optical fiber with greater stiffness is selected to replace the previous plastic cylinder with less stiffness.
Material and geometry of the cilia, bonding mode between the cilia and central box, sheet resistances have been optimized.
[7] Chenyang Xue, Shang Chen, Wendong Zhang, Binzhen Zhang, Guojun Zhang and Hui Qiao, Microelectronics Journal. 38(2007)1021-1026

Despite the promising material properties, SiC MOSFETs still suffer from low channel mobility and reliability concern due to high interface state density and carbon related defects which only exist in the SiO2/SiC interface [9-11].
Acknowledgement This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, R.
Rahman et al., “High-Temperature SiC CMOS Comparator and Op Amp for Protection Circuits in Voltage Regulators and Switch-Mode Converters,” IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 935-945, Sept. 2016
Frey, “Improving 5V Digital 4H-SiC CMOS ICs for Operating at 400°C Using PMOS Channel Implantation,” Materials Science Forum, vol. 963, pp. 827-831, July. 2019
Grasser, "Understanding BTI in SiC MOSFETs and Its Impact on Circuit Operation," in IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 144-153, June 2018