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Electrical Behavior of Implanted Aluminum and Boron near Tail Region in 4H-SiC after High-Temperature Annealing Yuki Negoro a, Tsunenobu Kimoto b and Hiroyuki Matsunamic Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan a negoro@semicon.kuee.kyoto-u.ac.jp, bkimoto@kuee.kyoto-u.ac.jp, c matsunam@kuee.kyoto-u.ac.jp Keywords: implantation, DLTS, ICTS, annealing, diffusion Abstract.
Introduction Ion implantation of aluminum (Al+) and boron (B +) as well as post-implantation annealing is a key technology for SiC device processes to form selective p-type regions such as p-wells of vertical MOFETs.
Experiments The starting material was Al-doped p-type epilayers (thickness: 10 µm, Na-Nd: 6.0 x 1015 cm-3) on p-type 4H-SiC (0001) substrates.

Evaluation of Pushing and Pulling Force for Substitute Astronaut (SA) at Comfortable Position Dong-xu Li, Yan Zhao, College of Aerospace and Material Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, China; aregayaya@yahoo.com.cn Key words: Ergonomic evaluation; Manned spaceflight; Pushing and pulling; Substitute Astronaut Abstract.

A kind of novel dual-core high birefringence photonic crystal fiber Yuwei Sun1, a, Yukun Bai1,b 1School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China asun81962066@163.com, btjutbai_1@163.com Keywords: photonic crystal fiber; dual-core; dispersion; birefringence Abstract: A dual-core photonic crystal fiber(PCF) with high birefringence, short coupling length and broadband flat dispersion is proposed in the paper.
Throughout the numerical analysis, the refractive index of background material SiO2 is set to be 1.44.
Dispersion is one of the key parameters of optical fibers and it can result in the broadening of optical pulses while transmitting in optical fiber.

Field welding is a key point for X100 pipe application, how to ensure that the reliability of the welding joint meets engineering requirements is a significant topic [4,5].
In this paper, the continuous cooling transformation rules of the weld HAZ for X100 pipeline steel was researched by thermal simulation method, the microstructure and properties of weld HAZ of single-pass and double-pass welding were simulated and analyzed, the effects of different welding thermal cycle parameters on the microstructure and properties of weld HAZ were investigated, and the control measures to optimize microstructure and properties of weld HAZ of X100 pipeline steel were proposed, which provided a technical basis for the welding process of X100 pipeline steel. 2 Experimental method A typical X100 line pipe is chosen as experimental material whose outer diameter is 1016mm and wall thickness is 14.7mm.

Effect Factors Analysis of Flow Generation Noise from Muffler Element with Inserted Tube Haijun ZHAO1,a，Haixia Wang1,b，Jiadong CHANG1,c，Liqi1,d， Liping TIAN1,e 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, China ahjzhaoly@sina.com, b24637052@qq.com, cchangjiadong882265@126.com, d360220177@qq.com，e1963717564@qq.com Key words：Flow noise regeneration, effect factor; inserted tube; muffler Abstract.
To increase making cost and be able to disclose production mechanism of flow regenerated noise, using orthogonal experiment design of one factor with 3 levels and the other 3 factors with 1 levels, so it only need 12 test work pieces, test experiment arrangement of material structure dimension is indicated in table 1, the parameters is often used in practice, in the table 1 and 2 is respective level of every factor, the number in bracket is level value, fig.2 is test pieces of inserted tubes.

., Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Dukjin-dong 150, Yusong-gu, Daejeon 305-353, Korea 2 Department of Physics, Korea Science Academy, 111 Backyangkwanmoon-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 614-822, Korea 3 School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 440-746, Korea a ehs@kaeri.re.kr, bsahoe@kaeri.re.kr, cjaehkim@kaeri.re.kr, dyoungkim@paran.com, e hjkim21c@skku.ede, f sjsong@skku.ede Keywords: On-line health monitoring, Ultrasonic guided wave, Array Transducers Abstract.
Generation of a specific mode is the key technique in the inspection by using the ultrasonic guided wave [3].
Material of the long-range pipe 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 Amplitude Distance[m] 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 Amplitude Distance[m] 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 Amplitude Distance[m] 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 Amplitude Distance[m] 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 Amplitude Distance[m] 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 Amplitude Distance[m] 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 Amplitude Distance[m] 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 Amplitude Distance[m] 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 Amplitude Distance[m] 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 Amplitude Distance[m] 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 Amplitude Distance[m] 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 Amplitude Distance[m] 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 Amplitude Distance[m] 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 Amplitude Distance[m] 0.0 0.5 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.2 Amplitude Distance[m] is SUS 304 and SCH-80.

Variations and Typical Impact Factors of Soil Nitrogen Content during the Vegetation Succession in Limestone Mountains Shanshan Zhang1,2,a, Liyuan Yang1,2,b, Hui Wang1,2,c*, Qinglin Chen1,2,d, Qian Li1,2,e 1School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China 2Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Carbon Sink and Capture Utilization, Jinan 250002, China azhangshanilyf@126.com, bstu_yangly@ujn.edu.cn, c*hwang_118@163.com, corresponding author, dchen__qinglin@126.com, eliqian1200@sina.com Keywords: soil nitrogen; typical impact factors; limestone mountains; vegetation succession Abstract.
The study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41101530 & 31270586), a Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program (J11LB17) , Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2009DM028), Key Science and Technology Development Programe of Shandong Province (2012GHZ21702).
Li, et al. in: Karst ecological system biogeochemical process and material circulation research: importance, status and trends.

Buckling Stability Analysis of Parallel Micro-spring Jing Zhang1,a, Li Sui2,b , Xuhong Guo3,c and Guohua Liu4,d 1,2,4National Lab of Mechatronic Engineering and Control, Beijing Institute of Technology, China 3Huaihai Industry Group co., Ltd, China a0181@bit.edu.cn, bbit_suili@bit.edu.cn, cguoxh.mems@gmail.com, d2120120171@ bit.edu.cn Keywords: micro-spring; parallel spring; eigenvalue buckling analysis; stability Abstract.
Introduction Micro-spring is a very important and typical micro-mechanical element, and it is a key part for micro sensors, micro actuators and micro gyroscope.
In terms of material mechanics and structural mechanics, planar micro-spring can be seen as planar steel frame, which is connected to each other by elastic beams.

The rationality of the wire rope allowable stress becomes the key factors in terms of restricting the service life of the vehicle, saving material and reducing the cost.
Proc. 8th Regional Conference for Africa on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering.

Technical Economic Analysis of Bioethanol Lan Lan1,2,a, He Qing1,b, Liu Qiang3,c and Zhao Xiaotong4,d 1School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206 2Sinhydro Renewable Energy Co., LTD, Beijing 100192, China 3Institute of Quantitative & Technical Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100732, China 4Division of Electric Power System, China Electric Power Reseach Institute, Beijing 100192, China a27904176@qq.com, bhqng@163.com, cliuqiangchana@cass.org.cn, dzhaoxt@epri.sgcc.com.cn Keywords: Bioethanol, Technical economic analysis, Life cycle assessment, Energy efficiency.
Research Material Energy efficiency GHG emission reduction GM/ANL, 2001 Corn 0.5-0.55 N/A Pimentel, 2001/9 Corn 1.65 -30% Levelton, 2000 Corn 0.67 38% Wang, 2001 Corn 0.54-0.57 32-25% Levy, 1993 Corn 0.85-0.95 33-30% Marland, 1991 Corn 0.78 21% Levington, 2000 Wheat 0.9 29% ETSU, 1996 Wheat 0.98 47% EC, 1994 Wheat 1.03 19% Levy, 1993 Wheat 0.81 32% In addition to corn, there are variety kinds of plant resources can be used to produce ethanol fuel.
Ethanol production, distribution, and use: Discussions on key issues.