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The grain sizes increased, and the surfaces look denser and more compact with well-faceted grains.
An increase in grain sizes with Ti concentration can be observed.
Well defined grain shapes and grain agglomerates can be observed for each Mo and Ti concentration.
The grain-like structure is similar for different metallic concentrations, but from a different grain size distribution, it can be expected that the number of grain boundaries with the corresponding trap densities may have an influence on the electrical behavior.
Variation in electron scattering parameters, like number or density of grain boundaries, might be responsible for the resistivity and mobility changes observed figures 5a and 5b for different Mo and Ti concentrations respectively. 4.6 Optical properties In figure 6a the optical transmittance and opto-electronic properties of WO3:Mo films are presented in the 300–850 nm spectral range.

According to the analysis, the L:S ratio of liquid sludge is 2.1:1; after dehydration, the sludge cake has a grain size of 150 μm, with the prevailing (90 %) grain size of 59.65 µm in the test sample.
The density and dispersiveness (the number of various sizes) depend on the pulp viscosity, which increases with increasing density and the number of thin (micron size) particles, as well as the solid particles sedimentation rate, which decreases with increasing the pulp density and the content of fine particles in it [24].
The grain-size distribution of the test sample of silicon production wet cleaning sludge is given in a figure with an integral curve and differential distribution (Figure 1).
The bulk density is influenced by not only pores in each grain (or piece) but also intergranular openings in a loose bulk material.
According to the analysis, the liquid sludge L:T ratio is 2.1:1; after dehydration, the sludge cake has a grain size of 150 μm with the prevailing (90 %) grain size of 59.65 µm in the test sample.

The grain size of metatitanic acid calculated from XRD was gradually decreased from 9.81 nm to 8.38 nm, and this was also in accord with the discussed before.
This also explained that proper number and quality of hydrolysis nuclei improved titanium white structure and its pigment properties.
Aging was mainly to control the hydrolysis rate and number of nuclei.
To obtain proper fine particle and narrow particle size distribution, aging must be taken to decrease hydrolysis rate to lower the number of new formed nuclei.
Shorter aging time was inclined to form larger number nuclei, while longer aging time was on the contrary.

As can be seen in Fig. 1(a-b), the dispersoid-free zones (DFZ) along grain boundaries can be observed in both experimental alloys.
With increasing holding time, the number density decreased, while the equivalent diameter increased.
All maps exhibit the elongated grains perpendicular to the compression direction along with a large number of low- and medium-angle boundaries, indicating the presence of high-density subgrains.
The C0 alloy exhibited a partially recrystallized grains (marked with a white rectangle), as shown in Fig. 4(a).
Whereas, the C6 alloy still retained the original elongated grains with a recovered structure.

The results indicated that limited water supply had little effect on plant height of maize at six-leaf, twelve-leaf, heading and early grain filling except the end of filling.
At maize grain filling plant height increased slowly with the increase of water supply, which was in accord with the results reported by Li et al. [9].
However, significant difference didn’t occur among MI1, MI2, MI3 and MI4 as well as among MI1, MI4, MI5 and CK at grain filling.
The maximum leaf area of maize appeared at early grain filling to middle filling and stabilized to the end of filling, after then attenuated rapidly (Table 3).
Effects of drought stress on leaf number, leaf area and biological output of maize hybrid combinations.

Effects of PEMS on Microstructure. (1) Effects of rotary speed V on the grain.
(2) Effects of magnetic field intensity B0 on grain.
The lath width of secondary phase is slight and grain is vague in Fig. 5 (a).
As B0 increases further, the grain is refined and the distribution is more uniform.
Visibly the number of holes reduces firstly and then increases with the increasing rotary speed V.

A number of techniques have been suggested, developed and currently used in industry, see e.g. [4,5].
Here, the parameters include the graphite area, the grain number, the grain size, and the spheroidicity rate based on ISO 945.
For this purpose, a group of samples was chosen as shown in Table 2, where the values of hardness are very close to each other, but their graphite grain number and size differ from each other substantially Table 2.
Sample Brinell hardness Graphite grain number, 1/mm2 Graphite grain size, µµµµm 6_10 163 308.0 20.8 6_50 162 112.3 40.5 5_30 161 134.3 37.6 5_20 158 119.2 36.7 5_10 158 230.4 27.1 5_50 157 111.1 40.0 If the optimally chosen degradation functions of the above samples are plotted as functions of the graphite grain number and of the graphite grain size, regular, monotonic correlation is found, with a very low scatter of points (see Fig. 5).
To minimize the mentioned possible error in the measured values and to avoid the inhomogeneities, a very small size magnetizing/measuring yoke was used in all cases (see the experimental part), and during the measurements it was positioned always close to the top of each step from its side. 100 150 200 250 300 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 a) Optimal degradation functions Graphite grain number [1/mm2] 20 25 30 35 40 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 b) Optimal degradation functions Graphite grain size [µm] Fig. 5: The optimal degradation functions vs. graphite grain number (a) and graphite grain size (b) for the selected samples Summary It was found that the magnetic descriptors, determined by Magnetic Adaptive Testing characterized well the structural changes of the cast iron material, generated by different cooling rates.

Grinding wheel with grains of white corundum was used as a standard (etalon) material
[11] [13] Individual abrasive grains have different shapes and geometry.
The grinding wheel with the white corundum grains had the best results of cutting forces.
With regard to their geometry it is more suitable to use diamond grain and cubic boron nitride.
This can be explained by abrasive grain geometry.

By increasing the solution temperature from 1100°C to 1200°C, the δ ferrite grain size increases significantly compared to that of the austenite.
It is also observed that the austenite grains exhibit elongated in the rolling direction.
In the weld metal (Fig.1, upper part), no significant grains grow observed in both phases.
After the nucleation process, σ-phase particles grow into the adjacent δ ferrite grains.
This can be explained that increasing the solution treatment temperature from 1100 to 1200°C causes a severe increase in the ferrite grain size, reducing the potential number of nucleation sites which in turn reduces the tendency of σ-phase formation.

Mean area of grain flat section increased 7 times in the thickest plate (from 501µm2 to 3773µm2).
There are observed both small dendrites (Fig. 4b) and equiaxed grains (Fig. 4a).
Quantitative parameters of the eutectics and grain are shown in the Table 3.
Also, they form continuous network only around the small grains.
It can be attributed to decrease of number of grain boundaries in casts with coarser grain.