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From another side, continuous device downscaling identified by ITRS [10] imply the employment of both new device architectures (to improve short-channel effects (SCE) control) and new channel (to boost carrier mobility) and gate dielectric (to improve SCE control and minimize leakage currents simultaneously) materials.
At present, there is no sufficient generated knowledge and gathered experimental database on the reliability aspects in the devices with novel architecture and employing new materials thus creating a demand for an in-depth assessment of reliability issues in “novel” devices.
Difference in the initial space-charge conditions at the film-BOX interface, difference in oxide and interface charges build-up in both gate and buried oxides in the case of strained and non-strained materials as well as possible strain relaxation were considered.
Chang: Journal of Electronic Materials Vol. 21 (1992), pp. 693-699
De Meyer: Microelectronic Engineering Vol. 84 (2007), pp.1882-1885

Determination of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and Furfural in Soft Beverages by HPLC Yuyu Zhang1, 2,3,a, Yi Song1, 2,3,b, Xiaosong Hu1, 2,3,c, Xiaojun Liao1, 2,3,d, Yuanying Ni1, 2,3,e and Quanhong Li1,2,3,f * 1College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China 2National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China 3Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, China azhangyy2@163.com, b587sy@163.com, chuxiaos@126.com, dliaoxjun@hotmail.com, eniyuanying@163.com, f*quanhong_li@hotmail.com (corresponding author) Keywords: 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF); Furfural; Soft beverage; Determination; High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) Abstract. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and furfural (F) could be formed in soft beverages of rich sugar during process, and often used as an index of heat treatment.
Materials and methods Materials.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (No. 2011BAD23B01).

Feasibility Study on Accessorial Limestone Injection Desulfurization System on Large Capacity Boiler WEN Zhiyong1,2, ZHANG Cheng3,a,FANG Qingyan3, and CHEN Gang3 1 Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Corporation, Guangzhou 510080, P R China 2 School of Energy and Power Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, P R China 3 State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P R China aCorresponding author :chengzhang@mail.hust.edu.cn Keywords: Accessorial limestone injection desulfurization system; Efficiency; Corrosion; Fouling; Abrasion.
Factors influencing the abrasion on heating surface include fly ash hardness, metal materials hardness, SiO2 and Al2O3 content in fly ash, fly ash forms and temperatrues, etc.
of 1973, the experience formula of the maximum amount of abrasion on heating surface wall were described as below[10]： (mm) (2) Table 10 The evaluation of dust concentration in flue gas before and after sorbent injection desulfurization for 660MW boiler Condition Ca/S Ratio Desulfurization Efficiency /% Dust concentration in 220t/h boiler /kg/h Dust concentration in 660MW boiler without desulfurization /kg/h Increased dust concentration in 660MW boiler after desulfurization /kg/h 1 1.87 69.9 7562.06 25136.32 1200.66 2 1.33 61.5 7371.9 25029.34 1093.68 3 0.8 55.3 7180.14 24874.19 938.53 4 — — 6866.5 23935.66 — 5 1.99 72.5 6060.7 21475.34 1130.03 6 2.26 74 5430.33 18955.51 950.81 In fomula (2), a is the abrasion indicator which realted to coal types, here a=1.410-9 mm·s3/(g·h); M is the Anti-abrasion coefficient for pipe, here M=0.7 for Chromium molybdenum tube and austenitic stainless steel pipe as the materials
Vuthaluru: APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING, Vol.31(2011), p. 1368-1380

Early-stage oxidation behavior of γγγγ''''-Ni3Al-based alloys with and without Pt addition Shigenari Hayashi1,a, Toshio Narita 1,b and Brian Gleeson2,c 1 Devision of Materials Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13, W8, Kitaku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan 2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011-2300, USA a hayashi@eng.hokudai.ac.jp, bnarita@eng.hokudai.ac.jp, cbgleeson@iastate.edu Keywords: short-term oxidation, γ'-Ni3Al, Pt effect, Al2O3 scale, GD-OES analysis Abstract The early-stage oxidation behavior of γ'-Ni3Al-based alloys of composition (in at.%) Ni-22Al and Ni-22Al with 10, 20, and 30Pt was investigated in terms of oxidation kinetics, scale evolution and resulting composition profiles during heating to 1150ºC in air.
Several mechanisms have been proposed for this beneficial effect, including the postulation that Pt reduces both the negative effect of impurity sulfur and the extent of void formation at the oxide / alloy interface [5,6], or that the presence of Pt leads to the development of alloy protrusions into the oxide scale, which act to "key" the scale to the coating or alloy [7].

Results indicated that hybrid and AA6061 + 60% SiC materials performed best.
The tests varied three key parameters: 1.
Consistent testing of friction materials is crucial for obtaining reliable results [32,33].
Consistent testing of friction materials is essential for reliable results [26, 27].
Mathia, Surface morphology in engineering applications: influence of roughness on sliding and wear in dry fretting, Tribol.

Effects of Fabrication Techniques and Durability Performance on Resistance of Fibre-Based PEDOT:PSS/GO pH Sweat Sensor Siti Nurazlina Zaidi1,a*, Khadijah Ismail1,b and Siti Nooraya Mohd Tawil1,c 1Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, 57000 Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA a2170308@alfateh.upnm.edu.my, bkhadijah@upnm.edu.my, cnooraya@upnm.edu.my Keywords: PEDOT:PSS/GO, pH sensor, sweat sensor, wearable electronics.
Hence, it is crucial to fabricate sweat sensor from non-toxic and durable materials that are flexible and stable for efficient detection.
Materials and Methods The experimental stages are categorised into material preparation and characterisation, and electrical characterisation of fabricated sensor via surface resistance measurements, as illustrated in Figure 1.
Therefore, this shows that the developed fibre sensor is able to withstand sweat absorption without any corrosion of coating materials during physical activities.
document_name=AATCC.84&item_s_key=00264461.

As a result, the heat transfer coefficients of materials become complex and unstable.
Advanced Materials Research, vol. 935, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., May 2014, pp. 61–65.
Advanced Materials Research, vol. 608–609, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Dec. 2012, pp. 42–45.
Master’s thesis in materials physics from the University of Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi – Bordj Bou Arreridj.
Blair. (2020). ‘’Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, Photovoltaics and Wind’’.

This epitaxial thin films are considerably different from those of their bulk parent materials [3, 6].
Blank, Materials science: Build your own superlattice, Nature, 433 (2005) 369-370
Katiyar, Compositional engineering of BaTiO3/(Ba, Sr)TiO3 ferroelectric superlattices, Journal of Applied Physics, 114 (2013) 104102
Gregg, Settling the “dead layer” debate in nanoscale capacitors, Advanced Materials, 21 (2009) 4911-4914
Spaldin, Enhancement of ferroelectricity at metal–oxide interfaces, Nature materials, 8 (2009) 392-397

Adverse Event Management Tool for Hospitals: A Game-Changer for Patient Safety Reyna Valle1,a*, Gabriela Cribas1,b and Ana Laura Ramírez1,c 1Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana, San Pedro Sula, Honduras aelizabeth.vallenitec.edu, bgcribas@unitec.edu, canaramirezs2610@unitec.edu Keywords: Adverse event, failures, medical device, technology surveillance.
Approximately 15 nurses per hospital were interviewed, selected from areas with the most patient contact, as well as the responsible biomedical engineers.
Therefore, only the head nurses of each hospital ward, two nurses per ward, and the biomedical engineers within each healthcare institution were included.
In the healthcare sector, there is a tendency towards corrective rather than preventive measures, with emphasis on corrective maintenance due to workload, staff shortages, lack of materials and supplies, and budget constraints.
Fig. 5 shows a usage test from the perspective of a biomedical engineer, who would be responsible for managing and using the bot's settings [29].

A study on the class of model feedback controllers for multiple-input/multiple-output non-minimum phase system Takaaki Hagiwara1,a, Kou Yamada2,b, Tatsuya Hoshikawa2,c, Yuuto Karasawa2,d and Fuminori Kanno2,e 1Advanced Technology Research Center, Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan 2Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Graduate school of Engineering, Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan at08802205@gunma-u.ac.jp, byamada@gunma-u.ac.jp, ct11801278@gunma-u.ac.jp, dt08302022@gunma-u.ac.jp, et11801212@gunma-u.ac.jp Keywords: Model feedback control system, Non-minimum phase system, Parameterization, Multipleinput/multiple-output.
Inoue: Synthesis of passive adaptive control system, Control Engineering, 10-6, (1966), pp. 304--311 (in Japanese)
Instrument and Control Engineers, 22-10, (1986), pp. 1014--1020 (in Japanese)
Systems, Control and Information Engineers, 11-7, (1998), pp. 375--383 (in Japanese)
Kanno: Study on the model feedback control system for a class of non-minimum phase systems, Key Engineering Materials, 497, (2012), pp. 234--245.