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Introduction Porous materials have been widely studied due to their potential use in many applications such as sound absorber, catalysts, sensors, actuators, fuel cells, microfluidic flow controllers, etc. [1–5] Up until now, one of the simple techniques to fabricate porous metals was by dealloying, which refers to the selective dissolution of one or more active components out of an alloy, such as Al-Cu, Ti-Cu, Mg-Cu, and Au-Cu [6–10].
Xing, A facile one-pot route to fabricate nanoporous copper with controlled hierarchical pore size distributions through chemical dealloying of Al–Cu alloys in an alkaline solution.
Zhang, A benign route to fabricate nanoporous gold through electrochemical dealloying of Al–Au alloys in a neutral solution, Electrochim Acta. 54 (2009) 6190–6198
El-Dasher, J.

Dymek et al. observed deformation twins in copper single crystals deformed by cross-rolling and a combination of compression and rolling [14,15].
C.X Huang et al. observed deformation twins in coarse grained and ultrafine grained copper by ECAP at room temperature and low strain rate [17].
In fact, Meyers et al. observed deformation twins in copper with grain size of 117 and 315µm due to shock compression test, whereas no deformation twins were observed in copper with grains of 9µm).
Hatherly: Acta metal Vol.36 (1988), p.2905 [2] E.El-Danaf, SR.

Zhou et al[15] synthesized the Bi2MoO6 nanoparticles using ultrasonic-assisted method which show higher photocatalytic activities than that of the products prepared by traditional solid-state reaction.
Amorphous complex precursor was used to synthesize Bi2MoO6 nanoparticles by Cruz et al [16] and the products show visible light induced photocatalysis.
Solvothermal routes were also carried out by Bi et al [13] to get nanocrystalline Bi2MoO6 photocatalyst which shows photocatalytic activities in decomposition of Rhodamine B under visible-light irradiation.
El-Sayed: Chem.

The remainder of the Hamiltonian and computational parameters were as used by Corno et al. [8].
The values for pure HA (‘None’ in Table 1) are in good agreement with those calculated by Corno et al. [8], as expected from the similarity of the methods used. a and b are smaller than the experimental values by ca. 0.1 Å [10], but c is larger by 0.1 Å and the c/a ratio is thus also higher.
These values are in good agreement with the frequency of 3774 cm-1 calculated by Corno et al. [8] for the same mode.
EL = electronic energy; G = free energy; H = enthalpy; S = entropy.

Transient photocurrent of photodiodes is also studied by Schiff et al [3] and Nozaki et al [4].
Also for decay from steady-state, the results obtained are in agreement with the nature of experimental decay curve reported by Popovic et al [18].
DOI:  10.1049/el:19790328  [11] S.R.

The effect of pressurized fluid on the leakage rate was investigated by Masi et al., and a model was established based on the assumption that a gasket was composed of sets of capillaries [4,5].
Based on the parallel plate model [12], the leakage rate of gas bolted flanged connection with octagonal gasket through octagonal gasket connection can be calculated by the following formula: L G L ( ) V L o i a 1 ( ) m Sn L A P P A e η − = − (4) where LV is the leakage rate, η is the dynamic viscosity of gas, Po and Pi are the medium pressures at the entrance and exit of leakage path respectively, and AL, mL and nL are regression coefficients which are obtained by regression analysis of experimental data.
Table 5: Regression coefficients in Eq. 4 AL 2.6329×10-10 mL 4.1904×10-4 nL -0.05 Correlation coefficients R 0.9962 It can be seen from the Eq. 4 that there exists a negative exponential relationship between the leakage rate and the gasket effective contact area, and the leakage rate decreases with the increasing gasket effective contact area, as illustrated in Fig. 8.
El Rich: The Effective of Flange Rotation on the Leakage Performance of Bolted Flanged Joints.

Sharda et al. [12] studied the influence of the flexibility of the bearing liner on the dynamic characteristics of a circular offset bearing.
Recently, Crosby et al. [20] studied static and dynamic characteristics of two-lobe journal bearings lubricated with couple stress fluid.
The effect of the elastic deformation of the liner on the performance of finite journal bearings lubricated with couple stress fluid was reported by Mokhiamer et al. [21].
El-Gamal, A Study of a journal bearing lubricated by fluids with couple stress considering the elasticity of the Liner , Wear ,Vol. 224 (1999), pp. 194201.

Including fibres in the earth mix has been used since ancient times (Quagliarini et al 2010), as this can reduce shrinkage and improve the mechanical properties of the material (from brittle to ductile behaviour).
In Barnaure el al (Barnaure 2021) shrinkage is much lower for the fibre formulation, due to enhanced tensile strength added by the reed and hemp shives but for a really higher fibres content which was about 8% (Barnaure 2021).
Bouhicha et al.

For example, Qu et. al. used a hybrid optimization technique based on the genetic algorithm (GA) using tensile tests data for the material parameters identification of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy [8].
Ti6Al4V-ELI chemical composition Al % V % Fe % C % N % H % O % Ti % 5.88 3.87 0.14 0.22 0.006 0.002 0.112 bal Inflation tests.
The maximum strain value was associated with (mean) strain rates between ~10-4 s-1 and ~10-3 s-1, which are quite close to the one indicated by Lee et al. [11] as optimal for the same ELI grade of the Ti alloy at the same temperature level.
El-Morsy, N.

Experiment and results analysis Table 1 Chemical compositions of raw materials (%,w) Material C Si Mn P S Cr Al Fe Ferrochrome 0.3 0.56 0 0.024 0.011 61.77 0 Rest Ferromanganese 0.3 0.30 86.4 0.020 0.020 0 0 Rest SPHC 0.05 0.04 0.18 0.018 0.009 0 0.026 Rest Table 2 Chemical composition range of mixed materials (%,w) Material C Si Mn P S Cr Al Cr17-Mn17.1 0.168 0.234 17.1 0.0200 0.0117 17 0.0137 Cr20-Mn20.1 0.189 0.269 20.1 0.0204 0.0122 20 0.0116 According to the experimental requirement, the amount of molten steel is 300g.
Table3 Results of the experiment without refining slag Number Pressure/MPa time/min flow/m3h-1 w[N]/% 1 1.0 10 0.18 0.749 2 1.0 20 0.24 1.06 3 1.0 30 0.12 1.02 Table 4 Results of the experiment with different refining slag Number Refining slag/g w[N]/% 1 30CaO-45Al2O3-25SiO2 1.32 2 40CaO-40Al2O3-20SiO2 1.27 3 40CaO-50Al2O3-10SiO2 1.39 4 50CaO-35Al2O3-15SiO2 1.15 5 25CaF2-50CaO-25Al2O3 1.49 Table 5 Experiments’ result with different content of aluminum Number w[Al]/g w[N]/% 1 0 0.901 2 0.5 1.09 3 1.0 1.15 4 1.5 1.48 5 2.0 1.38 No.4 and 5 of Table 5 adopt refining slag of 25CaF2-50CaO-25Al2O3.
Xiang, T.EL.Gammal.