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Compared with the traditional practices of forging and machining, CWR possesses many advantages, such as greater productivity and material utilization, better product quality and working conditions [1,2].
Workpiece parameter Material Dimension [mm×mm] Rotational Speed[r/s] Temperature [℃] Value 45#steel 230×230 10 1150 The finite element model for the CWR is shown in Fig.1.
Ind.Press, Beijing, China, 1985 [2] Z.H.Hu, K.S.Zhang, B.Y.Wang, Cross wedge rolling theory and application, Metallurgical Industry Press, Beijing, 1996 [3] Y.Jiang, B.Y.Wang, Z.H.Hu, J.Lin, Numerical simulation for thick-walled hollow axle during CWR,Advanced Material Research Vol.337(2011) [4] R.D.Wu, The theory and method research of cross-wedge rolling train axle, PhD Dissertation, University of science and technology, Beijing, 1997 [5] C.M.Li.
International Journal of Mechanical Science 42(2000), 1233-1253 [9] Q.Y.Li.
Numerical Simulation on Cross Wedge Rolling of Railway Axles from Square Billets, Master Dissertation, University of science and technology, Beijing, 2009

Although the whole of human society has been not tremendous development but a good opportunity for development based on the advancement of science and technology, but it is still faced with a certain social risk and disaster.
Integrated the view of predecessors and objective practice, this article argues that "modernization is not , which is different from traditional society, a comprehensive and fast special social changes of social manner, the organization mode and social life way based on the wide application of science and technology but a social dynamic evolution process of traditional factors and modern factors exist fusion, and it generally includes material, system, spirit three levels".
Management: concepts & practices.Beijing: China Social Sciences Press, 2006, pp4 [3] Peter F.
Journal of yunnan trade and business college, 2003(5), pp101 [6] Pengying Xiao.
Guangzhou: south China science and technology university press, 2008, pp10-14(in Chinese)

According to mechanic of material formula, can be deduced, among which, μ represents Poisson coefficient of the resistance wire.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51177150), the Zhejiang province College student science and technology innovation project (51980) and the non-profit project of Science and Technology Agency of Zhejiang Province (2011C21022).
Science-Technology & Application.
Bulletin of Science and Technology.
Journal of Henan Polytechnic University.

Materials and Methods Reactor and Feed.
Chemical Engineering Journal. 21(2002) 219-227
Water Science and Technology. 50(2004) 313-320
Wang, New Technologies for Biological Wastewater Treatment, China Environmental Science Press, Beijing, 1999
Water Science and Technology, 27(5-6) (1993) 241-252

The operation in a single machine tool is the very basic operation transforming materials from a blank to parts or joining parts into a subassembly.
In the production process, the flow is materials and the objective is to make a product or a component from raw materials.
Operations management uses bill of materials, while project management uses WBS (Work Breakdown Structure).
The bill of material is a hierarchical breakdown of the product.
Buhl, Underestimating Costs in Public Works Projects, Journal of the American Planning Association. 68/3 (2002)

Scratch tests allow the behavior of materials under normal and transverse contact loads to be investigated [4].
It is significantly different from that reported for isotropic brittle materials such as ceramics.
The behavior of carbon materials under such conditions of contact loading is at variance with that observed on isotopic ceramics or metals.
Wolf: Diamond and Related Materials, Vol. 9 (2000), p. 170
Reinoso: Sciences of carbon materials (University of Alicante publication, 2000) [7] C.

The heat treatment deformation is influenced by many factors such as gear shapes, gear materials, gear quality gears, gear forging, pre-heat treatment, gear machining , etc.
So the material requirements of automotive transmission gears are higher. 20CrMnTi steel Materials have superior chemical and mechanical properties, better machining process and heat treatment process.
So we has selected 20CrMnTi for gear materials in this paper.
Manufacturing Science and Technology, ICMST2011(Volumes 383 – 390):6769-6775
Journal of Donghua University,2005,31:90-91.

Metallic materials (copper, aluminum and nickel) which have good conductivity and magnetic permeability are used as electromagnetic materials [5-6].
The conductivity of macromolecule material is worse than the metallic material.
In order to improve the disadvantage of macromolecule materials, metallic materials are added [7-9].
In the research, the PET/ Ni-coated Copper composite yarn, which the core yarn is Ni-coated Copper wire and the wrapped yarn is PET filament, were fabricated into flexible shielding materials.
The EMISE is influenced by the electrical conductivity and permeability of metallic materials; copper and aluminum have higher conductivity, and nickel and stainless steel have higher permeability.

The bilayer of these materials could enhance the quality of a thermoelectric generation.
These materials have an intrinsically low thermal conductivity due to their anisotropic crystal and electronic structures, making them promising thermoelectric materials [10].
Mohamed Ali, Inorganic thermoelectric materials: A review, Int.
Lee, Thermoelectrics: Design and materials, Thermoelectr.
Dou, Recent progress in thermoelectric materials, Chinese Sci.

Houc State Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China agfzhangde@yahoo.com.cn, byyhedlut@hotmail.com, cxdhde@yahoo.com.cn Key words: nano-and micro-crystalline diamond films; electrochemical deposition; growth rate; additive.
Gruen: Diamond and Related Materials Vol.15 (2006), p. 908
Hou: Key Engineering Materials Vol. 373-374 (2008), p. 264
Applied Surface Science Vol. 144 – 145 (1999), p. 260
Hoffman, Diamond & Related Materials Vol.14 (2005) ,p.470– 475.