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However, with the booming of whisker materials in the recent years, a few attempts are being made to develop whisker filled-polymer composite in order to improve the tribological performance of the materials [6,7].
Experiment Materials.
Feng: Materials Design, Vol. 30 (2009), p.1042
Luo: Journal of Functional Polymers, Vol. 22 (2009), p.401
Xie: Materials Letter, Vol. 57 (2003), p.2553

Belous, Argon-arc welding of titanium and its alloys using fluxes (Review), The Paton Welding Journal. 2 (2017) 7-12
Drozdova, Structure and properties of welded joints from various titanium alloys, Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 33(7) (1991) 512-517
Popov, Vacuum annealing of welded joints of titanium alloys OT4 – VT6, VT20 – VT6 and VT23 – VT6, Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 62(7-8) (2020) 430-435
Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 582 (2019)
Oleneva, Structure and properties of welds of high-alloy titanium alloy after heat treatment, Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 52(9-10) (2011) 476-480.

Purification and characterization of laccase from curvularia trifol Jie Zhang1,a , Jing Ren1,b , Yang Yu2,c , Binsong Wang2,d* 1 School of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China 2 School of chemistry chemical engneering and material，Heilongjiang University，Harbin 150080 ,China a 875817856@qq.com, brenchouchou1256@163.com, c9709149@qq.com, d 609291321@qq.com Keywords: Curvularia trifol; laccase; purification of enzyme; enzymological properties Abstract.
Since the first time it was found, the laccase had been the research focus of chemistry, biology and environmental science fields.
Experimental Materials Strains Gladiolus Curvularia from the Northeast Forestry University's microbiology laboratory.
Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Project Program of Youth Science Technology Fund of Heilongjiang Province(QC07C19), the project of Heilongjiang Provincial Department of Education Science and Technology（2008-11531270）, and the project of Youth Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Harbin (RC2009QN015018).
Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 59-64 ,(2005), p.27 [3] Lei Lu,Min Zhao,Bei-Bei Zhang,et al.: Purification and characterization of laccase from Pycnoporus sanguineus and decolorization of an anthraquinone dye by the enzyme.

Tensile tests have shown their limitation for the determination of tubular materials.
Xu et al. proposed an adaptive inverse finite element method for tubular materials [9].
The free bulge tests were performed for the two materials with fixed ends.
Flow stress parameters identified by inverse approach obtained for the two materials.
Mead, A simplex method for function minimization, Computer Journal, Vol.7, N°4 (1965) 34-40.

For most food products, including toffee, conducting standard mechanical tests in order to extract materials properties data is very difficult.
The figure shows clearly the level of variation, which results from testing food materials, even when specimens have been very carefully and consistently prepared and tested from the same batch.
These findings are important for customising blade designs to specific food materials, because temperature effects can be significant in the cutting process.
Williams: The Analysis of the Frictional Effect on Stress-Strain Data from Uniaxial Compression of Cheese, Journal of Materials Science, 36 (2001)
MacBeath: Temperature Effects in Ultrasonic Cutting of Natural Materials, Annals of CIRP, 54/1 (2005).

Experimental Materials and Methods Experimental Materials.
It is generally believed that grain refinement can improve the strength and hardness of materials, but the fine grain can be harmless to toughness.
However, excessive grain refinement will inevitably increase the deformation resistance of materials, so the grain size of materials must be controlled in an appropriate range.
Hosford, Spheroidization cycles for medium carbon steels, J Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 33 (2002) 1255-1261
Tao, On-line spheroidization process of medium-carbon low-alloyed cold heading steel, J International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials 21 (2014) 26-35

Effect of Magnesium and Silicon on Temperature and Mechanical Properties in Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding of Aluminum to Titanium Lasse Malaske1,a*, Uceu Suhuddin2,b, Benjamin Klusemann1,2,c 1Leuphana University Lüneburg, Institute for Production Technology and Systems, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany 2Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Material and Process Design, Solid State Materials Processing, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany a lasse.malaske@leuphana.de, buceu.suhuddin@hereon.de, cbenjamin.klusemann@hereon.de Keywords: Aluminum, Titanium, Magnesium, Silicon, refill Friction Stir Spot Welding, dissimilar metals, temperature evolution, interface, mechanical properties Abstract.
Materials and Methods Five different Al alloys (100 x 25.4 x 1.8 mm³ sheets) based on AA6013 were welded to Ti64 (100 x 25.4 x 2.0 mm³ sheets) in this study.
References [1] Gadakh, V.S., Badheka, V.J., Mulay, A.S.: ‘Solid-state joining of aluminum to titanium: A review’, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications, 2021, 235, (8), pp. 1757–1799 [2] Vaidya, W.V., Horstmann, M., Ventzke, V., et al.: ‘Improving interfacial properties of a laser beam welded dissimilar joint of aluminium AA6056 and titanium Ti6Al4V for aeronautical applications’, J Mater Sci, 2010, 45, (22), pp. 6242–6254 [3] Lee, S.
casting alloys: An atlas of microfractographs’ (ASM International, Materials Park OH, 2004) [12] ASM International: ‘ASM handbook’ (ASM International, Materials Park Ohio, 1990-2016, 10th edn
) [13] Mouritz, A.P.: ‘Introduction to aerospace materials’ (American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Woodhead Pub, Reston VA, Cambridge UK, 2012)

These layers have strong adhesion to surfaces of solid materials and retain their integrity when exposed to fire.
Materials.
Materials Science Forum, 1006, (2019) 70–75.
Science and Education a New Dimension.
European Journal of Technical and Natural Science, 1, (2018) 31–36

China 4College of Materials Science & Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P.
Most of the papers related to DSA during deformation showing drastic changes in the dislocation structure evolution have been carried out in body-centered cubic and face-centered cubic materials.
However, there are only few specific studies on hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) materials concerning this effect of the microstructure evolution [4].
Chen: The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals Vol. 20(2010), p. 1455
Han: Materials Letters Vol. 60 (2006) p. 2941

The aspects analysed include the variation of initial out-of-plane imperfection and material properties.
In order to assess the influence of material properties, Grade B and API X52 steels were modelled.
The elastic and plastic properties of the materials were defined by a Ramberg-Osgood model.
“A Review of Effective Plating for Use in the Analysis of Stiffened Plating in Bending and Compression”, Journal of Ship Research, Vol.19, No.1, pp.1-17 [2] Smith, C.S., Davidson, P.C., Chapman, J.C., and Dowling, P.J. (1987).
“A Parametric Study of the Post-buckling Behaviour of Steel Plates”, Paper JEST 889, Engineering Structures, 03027, Volume 23 Issue 2, pp.172-185, Elsevier Science, The Netherlands, February 2001, ISSN 0141-0296