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friction force are calculated as: (13) (14) The local asperity contact pressure is obtained from the Asperity Contact model developed by Greenwood and Tripp [5], with a Gaussian distribution of asperity heights and fixed asperity radius of curvature: (15) where and can be defined as[11]: (16) (17) where is the ratio of the mean film thickness and the composite roughness , is the composite elastic modulus of the surface materials
The total contact force acting on the ring face can be computed as: (18) The friction force between the ring and cylinder liner due to asperity contact can be determined as: (19) where is a dry friction coefficient for the ring-cylinder material pair.
Acknowledgements The authors would like to express their appreciation for the support from Special Fund for Basic Research Program of Higher Education of China (Project Name: Numerical Simulation and Experimental Research on Lubrication for Piston Assemblies of Internal Combustion Engines), Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Code 200802170023) and Provincial Science & Technology Research Program of Heilongjiang (Code GC08A105).
Cheng: Journal of Lubrication Technology.
Hashimoto: Journal of Tribology.

The Research Progress of Earth to Air Heat Exchanger: A review Hong Liu a, Xin Wang b, and Didi Xue c College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China aLiuhong778878@163.com, b wang885857@126.com, c944215750@qq.com Keywords: EAHE; Experiment; Numerical simulation; Research prospects.
It was based on the transient two-dimensional numerical equation of surface and could calculate soil temperature of different depth The depth of the transfer of energy and pipeline buried heat exchanger, diameter and material factors such as very much.
The heat performance was influented greatly by the depth of buried pipes and the materials.
International Journal of Refrigeration. 21(1998) 42–54
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 45(2002) 2407–18

PL is ideally suited for evaluating high purity semiconductors because electrical contacts are not required for these high resistivity materials.
The silicon (99.9999%) target material with diameter 7.6 cm and thickness 2 mm was used for RF sputtering deposition process.
[3] Yasuo Takahashi, Tomofumi Furuta, Yukinori Ono, Toshihiko Ishiyama, Michiharu Tabe, Photoluminescence from a Silicon Quantum Well Formed on Separation by Implanted Oxygen Substrate, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 34(1) (1994) 950-954
Lee, Annealing effect on the property of ultraviolet and green emissions of ZnO thin films, Journal of Applied Physics 95(3) (2004) 1246-1250
Evoy, Introduction to Nanoscale Science and Technology, NY: Springer, 2004

Concerning mechanics and material effects, J.T.Tzegn studied both static and dynamic response of electromagnetic rail launcher [6,7].
Rail material is copper, with its elastic modulus =110GPa, and density; panel material is nylon, with its elastic modulus =28.3GPa, and density.
Acknowledgement This work is subsidized by NSFC (National Science Foundation of China), 50875230 Reference [1] Jerome T.
The Analysis of Local Contact Stress on the Side of Rail when the Electromagnetic Rail is at a Launching State.Chinese Journal of Solid Mechanics(2011),Vol.32,pp.74-80 [9] Yu Yanli.
Journal of Sound andVibration (1985), pp.1-12 [12] Weide Qu, Hengling Tang.

Materials and Method 1.1 Material and medium.
Acknowledgements The authors are grateful for financial support from Key laboratory Reasearch Project of Shaanxi Education Department(15JS090) and National Science Foundation of China (51504193).
Chinese Journal of Corrosion and Protection, 2016, 36(1): 1-10
Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University, 2012, 27(1): 71-74

Expression，purification and preparation of polyclonal antibody of Bombyx mori Serpin-6 Ming-hui Wang1,a, Kai-zun Xu1,b, Guo-sheng Li1,c, Yan-yun Wang1,d, Wei-de Shen1,2,3,e, Ya-xiang Xu1,2, 3,f 1School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China. 2National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China. 3Institute of Sericulture, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
Bombyx mori is one of the few economic insects that have been domesticated by human, and is internationally recognized as a lepidoptera model insect, an ideal material in bioengineering research[8].
Materials and methods Major reagents.
References [1] M.Zhang, Z.M.Zhu: Biochemistry and Biophysics Vol.23(3)(1996), P.240 [2] R.H.Law,Q.W.Zhang,McGowan.S,A.M.Buckle:Genome Biology Vol.7(5)(2006), P.216 [3] R.W.Carrell, D.R.Bowell: Elsevier Biomedical Press Vol.4(3)(1986), P.403 [4] L.Y.Chen, Y.J.Wang: Chinese Journal of Stroke Vol.9(2006), P.673 [5] B.Y,Liu, Z.L,Meng: Chinese Journal of New Drugs Vol.15(5)(2006), P.334 [6] X.F.Lu, Y.X.

Nowadays, about bone adaptation remodeling model researches , majority scholars presume the relationship between certain parameters which ware correlative to strain and bone quantities or bone structure changes, they predigested the structure , shape ,material property and loading state of experiment objects． by combing the finite element method with computer technique they simulated and forecasted the changes of bone quantities and bone structure during bone adaptation remodeling. this kinds of models were not under the real mechanical environment, they calculated through some numerical methods.
Materials and Methods 80 six-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats (body mass 160±12g ) were obtained from the experimental animal center of Dalian Medical University .
This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31270999 ).
Journal of Biomechanics.
Effect of Stress Environment on Bone Growing, Bone Remodeling and Mechanical Properties of Rapid Growing Rats’ Femurs[J].Chinese journal of biomedical engineering.Vol.2(2006),p.79-83 [9] Danielsen CC.

The highly pure refined substituted benzenes which are made from coking raw benzene through many methods, including chemical methods, physical methods and so on, are important chemical raw materials.
So long as the original value of the dynamics model parameter was given, the material composition at the reactor export can be calculated by the corresponding numerical method.
Acknowledgements This work has been entrusted by the Project of “utilization of low rank coal” strategic leading special fund, strategic leading special fund (XDA-07070800), CAS and the Project of Overseas Science and technology activity (2013-35), Shanxi Province.
Journal of molecular catalysis, Vol. 18(6)(2004), P447 (in Chinese) [10] Zhaobin Wei, Qin Xin, Xiexian Guo.
Chinese Journal of catalysis, Vol. 14(4)(1991), P 255 (in Chinese) [11] GB/T 14327-93, Thiophene content in benzene determination method[S].

Synthesis of Ethylene-propylene Copolymer and Their Structures Yan-Liu DANG1,a, Yun ZHAO1,b,*, Chao-Xiang WANG1,c, Qing-Ze JIAO1,2,d, Han-Sheng LI1,e, Qin WU1,f 1School of Chemical Engineering and the Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China 2School of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519085, China adangyanliu@163.com, bzhaoyun@bit.edu.cn, cxxiang2@126.com, dbjiaoqz@bit.edu.cn, ehanshengli@bit.edu.cn, fwuqin_bit@126.com *Corresponding author Keywords: Ethylene-propylene copolymer, Structure.
Journal of the Japan Petroleum Institute. 53 (3) (2010) 111-129. ], we designed phenoxy–ester ligated titanium catalyst for olefin copolymerization [[] Y.
Materials Nitrogen of an extrapure grade (99.999%) was purchased from Beiwenqiti.
Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities. 27 (2006) 961-965.

Materials and methods Dammar resin (Shorea Javanica k. et v.) is obtained from tapping of the dammar tree.
The sample of dammar resin is dissolved in solvent material that was injected by about 0,5 mL.
[5] Rosnah Zakaria and Azizah Hanom Ahmad, The Performance of Modified Silicone-Dammar Resin in Nanoindentation Test, International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology. 42 (2012) 33-43
[7] Ju-Yeon Moon, Jin Young Kim, Myeong Hee Moon, Bong Chul Chung, Moon Kyo In, Man Ho Choi, Validated gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric analysis of urinary cannabinoids purified with a calcium-hardened ß-cyclodextrin polymer, Journal of Chromatography A. 1204 (2008) 87–92