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The influence of temperature in the material density is neglected; (2)Due to the very short heating time of the laser, the influences of the liquid flowing in the temperature field are not considered
When the laser mode is basic mode and the duty ratio K=0, the power distribution of circular laser spot is Gaussian Curve and the heat flow density can be simplified as follows: () (1) In the formula, P is laser power, A is laser absorption efficiency of materials, R is the maximum diameter of laser spot, rm is the distance from the random point in the laser spot to the center of the laser spot.
Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 50975187 and NO. 10972150)
Reference: [1] Jia Wen-peng,Lin Xin, Tan Hua,et al: RARE METAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING, Vol.36, No.7(2007),pp. 1193-1199
Hunan: Hunan University Master’s degree thesis.(2004) [5] Xi Ming-zhe,Yu Gang:CHINESE JOURNAL OF LASERS, Vol.12, No.31 (2004), pp. 1527-1532.

In recent years, many scholars have done a lot of research on the behavior of composite material’s interference joints.
Acknowledgments The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51175433) and the Foundation for Basic Research of Northwestern Polytechnical University, China (JC201032).
Materials and Design. 2012, JMAD 4439 [3] W.
Optimization of the rivet joints of the CFRP composite material and alloy.
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering.2007 [4] Satoshi Seike, YoshihiroTakao, Wen-Xue Wang.

The Vibration Characteristics Analysis of U-shaped Pipe Based on Finite Element and Modal Experiment Li ZHANG1, a, Ye TIAN1, b, Yan Miao MA1, c 1School of Material and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China azhangli@th.btbu.edu.cn, btianye25910@sina.com, cmym_13260219826@126.com Keyword: finite element, modal experiment, U-shaped pipe, vibration characteristics Abstract.
The material constants of the U-shaped pipe are shown in Tab.1 and its mesh model is shown in Fig.1.
Tab.1 The material constants of the U-shaped pipe Material Density Elasticity modulus Poisson’s ratio Red copper 8.9 g/cm3 1.27×103GPa 0.3 Fig.1 The mesh model of the U-shaped pipe The finite element modal analysis results The natural frequencies of the U-shaped pipe are obtained through the following steps: 1) Import the finite element model, set the material constants and define the element type; 2) Mesh and define the loads; 3) Solve and view the results.
The error may be caused by the experimental environment, the experimental device and geometric model simplification in the experiment, and also may be caused by the material constants error in the finite element analysis.
LMS Experimental modal analysis of compressor vibration isolation component for food refrigerating unit[J].journal of Beijing technology and business university(natural science edition), 2010, 28(6):36-41

Materials Aspergillus NigerB0201 was screened out by UV mutation at Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biopharmacy ,and was maintained in Czapek slants culture medium at 4 ˚C .All chemicals were analytical grade used in the study.
Methods Preparation of tannase.Extracellular tannase was obtained by using the method of solid-state fermentation with uncooked materials,and extracted by distilled water[2] ,then, it was taken two steps to be precipitated at the 40%and 90%(w/w) ammonium sulfate[3].
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Industrial Research Project Of Guizhou Province (The process optimization and industrial research of tannase solid-state fermentation with uncooked materials by Aspergillus Niger) References [1] Kenji Aoki, Ryu Shlnke, Hiroshi Nishira.
(in China) [4] Weiwei Wang,Shuyi Qiu,Xiaoli Xie,etc.Extracellular enzyme purified tannins and enzymology properties research[J].Food science,2011,32(13):239-243.
(in China) [5] Luhong Guo,Shunkai Yang,etc.Using the immobilized aspergillus Niger tannin enzyme preparation research of gallic acid[J].Journal of biological engineering,2000,16(5):614~617.

Microstructure Change of Molybdenum Disilicide Heating Unit in Nitrogen Atmosphere at 1700°°°°C Baolin Liu1, Jingzhou Yang2, Huang Zhaohui2, a, Yangai Liu2, Minghao Fang2 1 School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, China University of Petroleum Beijing, Beijing 102249, China 2 National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, China a huang118@cugb.edu.cn Keywords: MoSi2; Heating unit Abstract.
Acknowledgements This research is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.50572098 and No.50774069), the Open Foundation of The Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Refractories and Ceramics Ministry-Province jointly-Constructed Cultivation Base for State key Laboratory (Grant No.G0608) and the Open Foundation of National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, China University of Geosciences (Grant No.07B006).
Li: High Temperature Structure Materials (National Defense Industry Press, Beijing, China, 2006). p.267-268
Liu: Journal of Changsha Railway University.

In this method, heat and pressure are used to promote interdiffusion of polymer segments between two surfaces of similar material.
Stiffness of material decreases under higher temperature, thus allowing greater extent of material flow and molecular interdiffusion at the bonding interface.
Polymer, being a viscoelastic material, undergoes molecular chain rearrangement when it is subjected to a stress.
Acknowledgement This research is funded by the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
Kristensen: Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering Vol. 14 (2004), p. 814

The main features of the software system are characterized as follows: a) to sum up materials, and to generate automatically detailed drawings，material lists, and CNC data; b) to customize the content and detail degree of drawing and the format of CNC data; c) to satisfy the requirements of the all stage of structure design.
The categories of drawings and documents provided by the software system include: plan drawing, elevational drawing, axonometric drawing, material list, node design documents and so on.
All the geometric information and the processing and production information, such as the geometry of components and parts, sections, materials, machining accuracy, the logical relationship between the connector and so on, are contained in 3D solid model of the structure.
Acknowledgements This paper is contribution to the national science and technology research project 'Planning and building standard research for rural residence', sub-project 'Design technology and software development of structure and construction for rural residence' (2008BAJ08B06).
References [1] Charles Mcauley: Programming AutoCAD 2000 Using ObjectARX, China Machine Press, 2000,152-165 [2] CHEN Ying-shi, Journal of Tongji University, Shanghai, China, vol28, No3, P297-300. ”(in Chinese), [3] CHEN Shan, “The Development of AutoCAD applications by ObjectARX”, People Post Press, Beijing, China(in Chinese) [4] SUN Jia-guang, “Computer Graphics(New Edition) Tsinghua University Post Press, Beijing, China(in Chinese).

For experimental purposes, a plasma torch is fixed on the tool carrier of a lathe to adjust scan velocity (refer with: Figure1), stand-off distance and scan screw pitch, and the parts is rotated. 2.1 Experiments In the plasma treatment experiments, we choose some typical materials, such as steel 45, 35CrMoV, grey iron, etc.
The results on structural transformations in these materials can be used to compare with the results of laser hardening.
Acknowledgements The work was under financial support from Science and technology project of Shenyang City (F11-136-3-00).
Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2007(3) [5] WANG Shuo-gui, ZHAI Chao.

Fig.1 Engineering drawing of spiral bottom shell part The wall thickness of spiral bottom brake shell parts for heavy trucks is 2mm, its material is 08AL and shape and size is showed in fig.1.
Then, the blank used No.36 anisotropic elastoplastic material model provided by Dynaform, material type is SPCE (08AL in china) with thickness of 2.0mm.
Instead, too high of blank holder force would cause difficult flow of material and lead to tension crack.
Recent developments of the advanced sheet hydroforming[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering. 2006，13(3)：30-34 [3]Li Tao, Lang Lihui, An Dongyang, Wang Ling, Chi Cailou.
Materials science ＆Technology. 2008, 16(3):430-433

Introduction Standard silica sand is one of the important materials in preparing mortar in the testing of hydraulic cement quality.
Rw = rRN = rR.N (1) with: Rw : roundness r : radius of each individual corners R : radius of biggest imaginer circle inside particle N : number of individual corners The roundness of Sidrap sands before and after milling, as well as Ottawa sand were also measured in two laboratories: (a) Laboratory of Minerals and Materials, Sucofindo, Jakarta, and (b) Laboratory of Petrology, Study Program of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, ITB, Bandung.
Ekolu, Potential South African standard sand for cement mortar testing and research, Proceeding of the First International Conference on Construction Materials and Structures, (2006), 253-260
Alam, Use of selected silica deposits of Bangladesh as standard sand in testing compressive strength of hydraulic cement mortars: A proposal for strength correlation, Journal of Civil Engineering, 40 (2), (2012) 181-202
Fang, Improving the roundness of foundry sands with artificial processing, International Journal of Cast Metals Research, 14:1, (2001) 37-42