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In our numerical simulation, the emphases is the process for formation of fracture saturation in multilayer materials , we note that failure phenomena depend very strongly on the properties of the materials disorder and thus the involved material can not be treated as a homogeneous medium.
Our numerical simulation recurrence the phenomenon of fracture saturation in multilayer materials.
American Journal of Science, 308(2008:)49-72 [7] Garrett K.
Journal of Material Science, 12(1977):157-168 [8] Hong A.
Journal of Material Science, 1978, 13(1978):2131-2136 [11] Pollard D.

Boundary Integral Equation Analysis of an Inhomogeneous Medium Made of Functionally Graded Materials H.
Introduction In recent years, functionally graded materials (FGMs) have generated a great deal of interest as advanced composite materials.
Mortensen: Functionally Graded Materials, Institute of Materials, IOM Communications, London, 1998
Shariyat: Advanced Materials Research Vols. 463–464 (2012), pp. 570–574
Sladek: Composites Science and Technology Vol. 68 (2008), pp. 1209–1215

It can also according to the ecosystem of the material divided into three parts, namely the natural materials that can grow, the nonrenewable materials made by human and the materials that have characteristic between natural materials and artificial materials.
Furthermore, new materials of modified form basically have new features materials and conform to the type of materials.
This type of building skin fully by means of science and technology increasingly appeared in the contemporary architecture.
From the architectural skin to Epidermal architecture,Journal of new buildings, 5 (2008) 50-56
[6] Yong He.The Cognitive construction and construction logic of epidermis material, Architectural Journal ,7(2009)72-73

Sheychenko, Mechanoactivation as a way to increase the efficiency of using raw materials of various genesis in building materials science, Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G.
Kozhukhova, Effect of slaked lime on properties of autoclave composite binders, World Appliance Sciences Journal. 24 (11) (2013) 1519–1524
Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 327 (2018) 042029
Lesovik et al., Evaluation of the energy state of raw materials for the production of building materials, Construction materials. 10 (2012) 53–55.
Implementation examples in construction material science, Belgorod: BSTU, 2016

Materials and Methods Materials.
Li, Removal of ammonium from wastewater using calcium form clinoptilolite, Journal of Hazardous Materials. 141 (2007) No.3, 483-488
Zeng, Utilization of dyeing treatment plant sludge as brick materials, Proceeding Environmental Science and Technology, American Science Press. 1 (Houston, USA,7,2008) 91-96
Shi, Experiment on a new synthetic material and its removal of ammonium nitrogen and phosphorus properties, Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering (In Chinese). 22 (2011) No.4, 50-53,60
Peng, Performance index and durability of eco-concrete cast on site for rivage-protecting and plant-growing, Journal of Jiangsu University (National Science Edition) (In Chinese), 26 (2005) No.5, 380-383

[18] Li Z, Guo C, Lyu J, Hu Z and Ge M 2019 Journal of hazardous materials 373 85-96
[21] Qin F et al. 2020 Journal of Hazardous Materials 398 122816
[24] Yu J et al. 2020 Progress in Materials Science 111 100654
[29] Wu L et al. 2022 Journal of Hazardous Materials 128536
[70] Luo H, Fu H, Yin H and Lin Q 2021 Journal of Hazardous Materials 128044

Synthesis of Nanoporous SiO2 Based Ceramic Materials via Sol-Gel Technology Margarita Karpe Institute of Silicate Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia Margarita.Karpe@rtu.lv Keywords: ZrO2-TiO2-SiO2, nanoporous ceramic materials, sol-gel technology, butanol-2 Abstract.
Journal of Membrane Science, 497 (2016) 348-356
Journal of Porous Materials, 8 (2001) 303-309
Journal of Materials Science, 35 (2000) 1835-1841
Materials.3 (2010) 704-740.

Classification of Phase Change Materials.
Phase change materials have been used successfully in space heating applications.
Ananthanarayanan V., Sahai Y., Mobley C.E. and Rapp R.A. (1987), “Modeling of fixed bed heat storage units utilizing phase-change materials”, Journal of Metallurgical Trans.
Buddhi D. and Murthy V.V.S. (1996), “Comparison of using thermocouple and optical fiber to study the solid-liquid boundary in phase change materials”, Journal of Energy Conservation and Management, Vol. 37, No. 5, pp. 637-639
II', Solar Energy Materials, vol. 21, no.

Design and Analysis of a Microgripper Based on Smart Materials Yuemin Yu1, a, Xiansheng Ji1, b 1College of Science ,Heilongjiang Institute of Science and Technology,Harbin, 150027,China ayym72@sohu.com, bjixiansheng1986@163.com Keywords: Microgripper , Smart materials, Piezoelectric ceramic stack Abstract.
Smart materials are a group of solid-state materials whose geometric shape can be related to an energy input in the form of heat, light, electric field, or magnetic field.
The most common smart materials are piezoelectrics, magnetostrictive, and SMAs.
Smart Materials and Structures, 14: 1265-1272. (2005) [2] D.
Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 15: 1265-1270 (2005) [4] F.

The result shows that all the materials consist of crystalline particles with smooth surface and polyhedral shaped materials.
XRD patterns of (a) L24 (b) L48 and (c) L72 materials Fig. 3 shows the SEM micrographs of LiMn1.8Ni0.2O4 materials.
The images showed that all materials consist of crystalline particles with smooth surface and polyhedral shaped materials.
Material Science & Eng. 5 (2016) 1-21
Liu, Preparation and electrochemical performance of nano-LiNi0.05Mn1.95O4 cathode materials by a low temperature molten-salt combustion method, International Journal of Electrochemical Science. 12 (2017) 9758-9773