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Online since: January 2015
Authors: Nataliya Yu. Efimova, Irina Yu. Efimova, Sergey V. Triss, Yuri B. Lishmanov
Statistical processing of the data was performed using the software package STATISTICA.
Finally, there may be changes at the level of the capillary network, including a reduction in the density of arterioles and capillaries within a given vascular bed [12].
Our data are consistent with the results of I.E.Chazova et al. [13] and B.V.Mychka et al. [14] who observed deterioration of cerebral perfusion in the parietal areas and adjacent departments - parietal-occipital, fronto-parietal and temporo-parietal in the presence of AH.
In such conditions, AH reduction for any reason, including the circadian oscillations leads to hypoperfusion in the areas of terminal blood circulation.
Short-term reductions in blood pressure: overview of randomized drug trials in their epidemiological context, Lancet. 335 (1990) 827-839
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Ke Sun, Ke Sun, Zhao Ming Zheng, Xiao Yu Ding, Hong Wei Chen, Quan Yuan Jiang, Kai Xu
In the process of the elite reduction, we utilize the asynchronous grid strategy to filter particles since this strategy has lower computing complexity.
Currently in the traditional MOPSO algorithm, the diversity of the particles is maintained by the elitism reduction strategy, which mainly includes the crowding distance strategy, the niche strategy, the k-neighbor strategy, the grid strategy and so on [12].
For the shortage of these traditional elitism reduction strategies, ASU strategy is proposed to reduce the elitism scale.
The main improvements are described as the following three aspects: (1) Stepwise updated crowding distance strategy In the elitism reduction process, since the crowding distance of the particle changes with removing some particles, the stepwise updated crowding distance strategy is proposed to replace the method of removing the elitist solutions whose crowding distance is smaller than some value.
This method can meet the needs of the practical problems, but also take the impact of data fluctuation into account.
Online since: April 2010
Authors: Magda Pereira Pinto, Vera M. Lessa Catalão
Table 2 shows the electric energy waste reduction achieved by students after having been trained by Procel, highlighting the participation of 10 Brazilian Universities/Institutes.
These data envisage the energy saved and the role of education both in domestic and formal basis.
Load Factor 11,271,382 0,6 TToottaall 993399,,663355,,880033 22..885533 What one can notice, starting from the presented data, is that there is efficiency in the programs developed by the Brazilian Government; once their proposals, above all, warn the society about the value and economical feasibility of the actions taken to combat energy wasting and to enhance the energetic efficiency of equipments, processes and end use of the energy.
In that sense, the following results are highlighted: in April, 2008, the Aneel (Brazilian Electric Energy National Agency) approved 279 programs presented by 61 distribution companies, involving investments up to R$ 261 million, which allowed the yearly reduction of 369 GWh. hence, the total consumption reduction achieved with those programs since 1998 was 5,597 GWh per year.
The EE can promote the transformation of behavior and attitudes addressed to consume reduction and the environmental impacts of our civilization.
Online since: March 2011
Authors: Mathias Liewald, Eugen Oswald, Oliver Stephan
Regarding on lightweight construction, a reduction of weight in conjunction with high component stiffness is required.
Compared to conventional finite element analysis, beside of information about e.g. material property, applied loads or mounting, further data have to be defined.
Fig. 3 shows significant geometric data of the baseplate with corresponding measures, seats of particular tools and ribbing structures.
Fig. 4 shows a sectional view of the design space mesh including relevant mesh data.
According to the predefined design space, this value corresponds approximately to 15% weight reduction of the standard ribbed baseplate.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Chang Pu Zhao, Da Lu Dong, Xiao Zhan Li, Yun Yao Zhu, Jun Zhang
The supercharged model was calibrated by using the original experimental data.
Introduction As the stringent regulatory requirements, energy saving and emission reduction are the goal of today's social development.
The supercharged model was calibrated by using the original experimental data that ensure errors ranking in 5%.
Two-stage turbocharging system is a useful way of energy saving and emission reduction.
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Ling Qiang Yang, Yan Wang
Determination of compressive strength by means of destructive testing methods results in a reduction in the cross section of structural elements, and therefore a reduction in load bearing capacity.
In this paper, numerical analysis is performed on test results of concrete strength data to future understand the stress field and the yielding mechanism of concrete specimens.
Simulate laboratory compressive strength tests boundary conditions: Upper and lower surfaces of the specimen without friction reduction are in contact with the loading panel, lower boundary fixed in x, y and z directions, upper boundary fixed in x and y direction.
If the loading capacity of the specimen is taken as the measure for strength, then specimens with friction reduction should be used in testing when it is a plane stress problem; if it is a plane strain problem, confinement should be used in the testing.
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Xiao Zhong Ge
According to the analysis of force and acquirement of installing mechanical, achieve the transmission for adjusting position of roller using SEW motor and reduction gearbox with high reduction ratio.
Table 1 System configuration chart No System element No System element No System element 1 S7-400 4 ET-200 7 BD1\BD2\BD3\BD4 \RVS\ CL1\CL2\CL3\FP1\FP2 2 MM440 5 TP270 8 SEW motor 3 Absolute encoder 6 DP repeater 9 Reduction gearbox Implementation of system MM440 and absolute value encoder implement the function of positioning.According to the configuration of system, the position of each roller is controlled using absolute value encoder and SEWS motor driven by MM440.
According to the reduction gear ratio i and pitch P, compute the actual distance Sp=[6],which is described by each pulse in encoder.
Fig.4 Schematic diagram of data definition of fixed position control program HMI frame structure and optimization According to the mechanism character and the technological requirements of NA welded pipe forming machine, the HMI frame structure is designed as shown in Fig.5.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Ying Quan Wang
Using the data calculated by the equation to get the C to A’s comprehensive weight vector that is N=DT.
Through various energy-saving measures, the calculated values and reduction rate of energy consumption can be drawn from the residential reasonable distribution of energy saving, as shown.
Table 1 Calculation and analysis of the effect of residential reasonable distribution of energy saving design Energy use Calculation method Design value Standard value Energy consumption reduction rate /GJ /GJ /% Heating 11.8×0.55×0.9×0.6 3.5 12.8 73 Air condition 2.3×0.8×0.53×0.6 0.55 2.4 77 Aeration 4.6×0.6 2.7 4.7 43 Hot water Supply 23.5×0.5 11.7 24.5 52 lighting 10.4×0.94×0.6 5.87 10.7 45 Household appliances 22.8×0.6 13.7 23.7 42 Other 4.4 4.4 0 Total 44.2 83.2 47 Energy consumption reduction rate = (1 - energy consumption design value of residential energy saving / standard value of energy consumption) Calculated as shown in Table1, for example, the effect of rural residential reasonable distribution of energy saving design is analyzed.
Through various energy-saving measures, the calculated values and reduction rate of energy consumption can be drawn from the residential reasonable distribution of energy saving, as shown.
Online since: January 2016
Authors: Rutanachai Thaipratum
Silver nanoparticles, nanoparticles of silver of between 1 nm to 100 nm in size, with different shapes, sizes and their anti-bacterial activities can be prepared by reduction of silver nitrate with different reducing agents such as glucose, sodium borohydride, sodium citrate and ascorbic acid [1].
A simple and economic method of synthesis of silver colloid nanoparticles with controlled size by reduction of [Ag(NH3)2]+ complex in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micellar solution with three various reducing agents (hydrazine, formalin and ascorbic acid) has been report [2].
Data points shown are averages of three measurements ±SE.
WARSZYŃSKI, PREPARATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES VIA CHEMICAL REDUCTION AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY, Physicochem.
Rashid, Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles through Reduction with Solanum xanthocarpum L.
Online since: March 2013
Authors: Wen Xue Wang, Shijie Zhu, Jun Feng Hu, Yukiko Nakahara
However, the tiny cracks on surface or in interior generated in ceramic preparation or processing will lead to substantial reduction in strength because of its low toughness[1].
If this phenomenon is applied in practice, improvement of reliability, reduction on cost of maintenance and increase of service life may be realized.
However, a reduction of about150 MPa for the smooth specimens can be noted after heat treated at 1200, 1300for 1 h.
The reason for this phenomenon may be that glass phases between grains boundaries melted and flowed out at high temperatures, which lead to the reduction in strength.
This agrees with experimental data as shown in Fig. 3.
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